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1 JBICI Research Paper No.25
2 Research Paper
3 KKN driving force i
4 ii
5 NGO NPO iii
6 iv
7 KKN Crisis Prevention Initiative, CPI 1 1 CPI, Harvard School of Public Health, Addressing the Sources of Insecurity in Indonesia, Final Report of the Web Conference, June 5-14,
8 informal sector formal sector
9 NGO NPO 6 3
10 1.1 5, ( ) ( ) ( ) 104,283, ,462, ,318, ,753, ,355, ,411, ,078, ,505, ,820, ,288, ,988, ,287, ,061, ,392, ,840, ,741, ,786, , ,208, ,490, ,247,
11 NU 1926 PAN NU PKB ,337,858 15,951 48, , ,415, ,483, ,589 2,875,439 19, ,005 19,561 10,252, ,902,396 42,601 44,298 1,346 8, ,999, ,914,719 32, ,018 1, ,027 16,563 3,278, ,937,141 14,369 30, ,888 8,378 2,018, ,970,888 67,817 61,602 8, ,817 76,078 6,311, ,152,639 8,822 13, , ,178, ,688, ,355 78, ,266 38,622 3,888 6,015, ,920, , ,776 19, ,328 6,810 8,227, ,496, , ,063 13, ,372 26,916 35,381, ,462, , ,144 28,918 95,099 18,824 28,515, ,638, ,028 78,562 7,361 3,767 1,910 2,912, ,410, , , ,599 92,815 14,903 32,487, ,990 13,704 15,432 2,508,527 14, ,777, ,246,094 15,907 8,801 86,710 10, ,368, ,180 1,728,361 1,083,702 6,219 1, ,147 3,267, , ,396 23,501 3,853 2,825 10, , ,795, , ,607 1, , ,993 3,228, ,983 34, , ,867 1,667 12,774 1,396, ,509,216 15,727 26,560 11,130 10,684 23,330 2,596, ,587,174 76, ,139 4,757 19,936 10,230 1,875, ,179, ,153 1,178,739 12,370 3,448 3,262 2,477, ,298,459 22, ,775 68,453 4, ,703, ,178, , ,883 70,207 27,340 24,697 6,980, ,298,116 8,405 22,109 19, ,349, ,052, , ,472 1,494 1,301 6,714 1,852, , , ,868 2,884 1, ,630, ,318,610 6,411,594 10,820,769 3,287,309 1,840, , ,247,583 5
12
13 Christine Drake, National Integration in Indonesia: Patterns and Policies. University of Hawaii Press, 1989, p p.68. 7
14 1.3 nation / Bhinneka Tunngal Ika 1955 NU NU 20 8
15 PNI 22.3 Masjumi 20.9 NU 18.4 PKI Herbert Feith, Indonesian Elections of 1955 Ithaca, New York: Cornell University, 1957, pp NU 1965 NU babinsa bintara bimbingan desa 1.7 9
16 Parmusi NU Perti PSII IPKI Murba SARA Suku Agama Ras Antar-golongan BBM 10
17 PDI-P Golkar PPP PKB PAN PBB PK PNU PDKB PDI-P Golkar PPP PKB PAN PBB PK PNUPDKB
18 NU
19 / ICG International Crisis Group Asia Report No.9, Indonesia: Keeping the Military under Control, September 5, 2000, p.2. 13
20 ICMI pp
21
22 GAM Gerakan Aceh Merdeka GAM GAM GAM 1989 GAM DOM GAM ,000 3, ,400 8 GAM 6 ICG Asia Report No.17, Aceh: Why Military Force Won t Bring Lasting Peace, June 12, 2001, p
23 DOM GAM GAM NGO GAM GAM GAM GAM , , TEMPO, 3 Februari 2002, p.31, Pataka Gadjah Putih Berkibar Lagi 17
24 GAM ,000 27,0001,000 1, GAM GAM GAM 10 GAM GAM GAM GAM GAM 192 MUI 1998HUDA Himpunan Ulama Daya Aceh= HUDA NU HUDA SIRA HUDA daya SIRA Sentral Informasi Referendum Aceh SIRA 1/4 100 SIRAGAM SIRA GAM GAM SIRA SIRA GAMSIRA 10 ICG Asian Report, No.17, pp
25 GAM ICG Asian Report 17, Aceh : Why Military Force Won t Bring Lasting Peace, June 12,
26 , OPM=Organisasi Papua Merdeka / OPM OPM 32 OPM ICG Asian Report No.23, Ending Repression in Irian Jaya, September 20, GDP Free Port p
27 Presidium Dewan Papua NGO OPM OPM JANNI NGO No. 40, Feb 15, pp TEMPO, 17 Maret 2002, Kematian Theys, Menyidik Si Baret Merah 15 ICG Asian Report No. 23, p. ii 21
28 Grayson Lloyd, Indonesia s Future Prospects: Separatism, Decentralization and the Survival of the Unitary State, Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Group, June 27, 2000, Parliament of Australia, Parliament Library Current Issues Brief 17, , p.3. 22
29 SARA SARA Suku AgamaRas Antar-golongan
30 BBM /
31 17 HPH ICG Asia Report No Parsudi Suparlan, Ethnic and Religious Conflict in Indonesia, KULTUR The Indonesian Journal for Muslim Cultures, Vol. 1, No.2, 2001, pp
32 HPH / Human Rights Watch 500 2, , ICG Asia Report No.19, p CPI Conflict Prevention Initiative, Harvard University, Kalimantan Report
33 / CPI, Kalimanntan Report. 24 Ahmad Syafi i Mufid, Konflik Etnik Dayak-Melayu dengan Madura di Kalimantan, Badang Litbang Agama dan Diklat Keagamaan, Departemen Agama RI, 2001, pp ICG Asia Report No.19, p
34 1960 oknum preman ICG Parsudi 2001, pp ICG Asia Report No.29, Indonesia: Natural Resources and Law Enforcement, 20 December 2002, p.5. 28
35 , / / ICG Asian Report No.31, Indonesia: The Search for Peace in Maluku, February 8, 2002 TEMPO, 10 Maret 2002, Perdamaian di Ambon, Sudah Padam, Tapi Masih Berasap 29
36 1, clovenutmeg KNIL
37 Republika Maluku Selatan RMS 1949 RMS RMS 1970 RMS BBM Buton BugisMakassar BBM BBM ICMI 32 Bill Dalton, Indonesia Handbook, 1988, p ICG Asia Report, No.31, 2002, p.2. 31
38 BBM BBM , , Laskar Jihad 35 ICG Asia Report, No.31, 2002, p
39 SS / / / / ICG Asia Report, 2002, No.31, p.6. 33
40 ,000 1, / , FORUM Keadilan, No.39, 13 Januari 2002, Konflik Poso pp
41 totok peranakan BCA ATM 11 1, Leo Suryadinarta, Chinese Politics in Post-Suharto s Indonesia, ASIAN SURVEY, Vol. XLI, No.3, May/June 2001, p p
42 CD PBI
43 43 PBI Leo Suryadinata, Elections and Politics in Indonesia, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies,
44 38
45 pp p L
46 L
47 NU PRRI Permesta Federalisme dan Resistensi Psikologis ), Otonomi atau Federalisme: Dampaknya terhadap Perekonomian, Jakarta: Suara Pembaruan, 2000 pp
48 Ryaas Rasyid PAN iramasuka Irian Jaya, Maluku, Sulawesi, Kalimantan PKB
49 Emil Salim, Otonomi Daerah dan Masalahnya Otonomi atau Federalisme: Dampaknya terhadap Perekonomian,, pp
50 55 56 NGO Feasibility Study, University of Gunung Kidul and Gunung Kidul Education Foundation,
51 , 2, Leo Suryadinata, Elections and politics, p p
52 JICA 62 golden opportunity JBIC KKN JICA
53 30 50 critical mass 65 3 NGO NGO No. 40, Feb. 15, 2002, pp
54 Lucky Sondakh, North Sulawsi in the Post- Suharto TurbulentEnvironment: Between Dignity and Survival, paper presented at the NIAS Conference, Center for Development Research, Copenghagen, 29 August - 2 September 2001, p
55 golden opportunity power of hand power of mind science, technology and entrepreneurship Sondakh, p
56 , Permesta/PRRI 1920 Duri OPEC Caltex
57 Caltex ,460 10, HPH Prof. Dr. H. Tabarani Rab, Menuju Riau Berdaulat Penjarahan Minyak Riau, Yayasan Penerbit Sosial Budaya Riau, 1999, pp.xvii-xviii pp p.xx. 79 Prof. Dr. H. Tabarani Rab, Menuju Riau Merdeka: Pilihan Kongres Rakyat Riau II, Pekanbaru: Dewan Perjuangan Kedaulatan Riau, 2000 p
58 Dewan Perjuangan Kedaulatan Riau Deklarasi Riau Merdeka GAM p
59 Caltex BIDA Otorita Batamindo Batamindo Batamindo Persatuan Wartawan Indonesia PWI Cabang Riau, Riau Abad 21, Pekanbaru,
60 kabupaten kota 100 negeri sultan raja bupati GAM ASEAN 84 54
61 JICA
62 2004 muddling through 1 muddling through muddling through driving force NGO NPO Mark Baird, World Bank Seminar in Tokyo, February 1, Profil Anggota DPR,1999, Suryadinata 2002, Elections and Politics, p
63 Profil Anggota DPR,1999, Suryadinata 2002, pp pp pp
64 / ICG Asia Report No.24, Indonesia: Next Steps in Military Reform, October 11, 2001, p
65 NGO NPO 94 pp
66 ICG Asia Report No.24, Indonesia: Next Steps in Military Reform, 11 October TEMPO, December 30,
67 5.5 NU MUI PGI
68 5.6 / NGO NPO NGO NPO NGO NPO
69 NGO NPO 1998 NGO NPO 1998 SSN social safety net 1999 NGO NPO 100 Corruption Watch Human Rights Watch Police Watch UNDP Amnesty International International Crisis Group INFID International NGO for Indonesian Development NGO JANNI=Japan NGO Network on Indonesia NGO NPO PAN NU NGO 100 Mark Baird, Now it is unthinkable for World Bank to operate without having cooperation with NGOs in Indonesia
70 NGO NPO CSIS=Center for Strategic and International Studies CSIS LP3ES Lembaga Penelitian Pendidikan dan Penerangan Ekonomi Sosial LSP Lembaga Studi Pembangunan 1980 keterbukaan PPSK = Pusat Pengkajian Strategi dan Kebijakan 1990 ICMI CSIS CIDES Center for Information and Development Studies CPDS Center for Policy and Development Studies
71 FM
72
73 6.1 67
74
75 / KKN / WTO NGO 69
76 NPO CSO civil society organization stakeholder stakeholder 6.3 Harvard CPI ICG Report ICG incremental improvement, not revolusi' but reformasi' ICG IndonesiaReprot No.2, 21 May 2000, p.ii. 103 Ibid
77 71
78 JICA NU NU 72
79 International Crisis Group NHK Semb Corp Semb Corp 73
80 NU A.J. L.W. PAN 74
81 O.K. Sree & Siddique International Crisis Group 75
82 9 H.Z.B. H.B. 76
83 NU NU JICA 77
84 (GAM)
85 ATM
86 -1 80
87 ( ) 105 pela gandong [] Evans Prichard, The Nuer, Oxford University Press,
88 ,
89 ( ) [ ] (ethnic consciousness) (ethnic solidarity) A. Smith, The Ethnic Revival, Cambridge University Press,
90 107 12, , / ,
91 ( ) Syarif Ibrahim Al-Qadric, Konflik etnis di Ambon dan Sambas: Suatu tinjauan sosiologi, Antroplogi Indonesia 58:36,
92 carok [ ] todus taretan 110 Usman Pelly, Akar kerusuhan etnis di Indonesia, Antropologi Indonesia 58,
93 [ ] [ ] ( )
94 , Kontras = Komisi untuk Orang Hilang dan Korban Tindak Kekerasan eselon Panji Masyarakat. 88
95 FPI = Front Pembela Islam H.K.M.A ( ) 89
96 [ ]
97 A B carok todus taretan Parsudi Suparlan, Kemajemukan, hipotesis kebudayaan dominan dan kesukubangsaan, Jurnal Atropologi Indonesia 58, 1998, pp
98 nyaru tariu kamang tariu
99 mangkok merah ( )
100 3 94
101 95
102 ( ) 136 3,907 11,351 7, ,
103 5,000 3, ,407 1, Perkebunan Inti Rakyat = PIR ,000 1,
104 2 SW
105 3 1 99
106 ( ) transmigrasi 100
107 82, [ ] ,000 ( ) 101
108 2 102
109
110 2000 NU NU
111 : TEMPO, 30 Desember 2001, pp Religion of Java, 1955 SARA
112 n=1, n=1,891 3 ( ) 1/
113 3 n=1,886 4 n=1, (pengajian) 1/4 6 5n=1,888 6 n=1,884 7 (sedekah)
114 7sedakah n=1,864 8 n=1, /3 2/ n=1,87610 n=1,
115 11 12 n=1,880 n=1, (NU) NU NU 50 4 NU NU n=1, NU n=1,
116 n=1,865 n=1, / n=1,
117 14-2 n=1, n=1,893 n=1,
118 n=1,890 n=1, n=1,890 n=1, /
119 15-7n=1, n=1, n=1, n=1,
120 Mohammad Amien Rais PAN M.A Ph.D Center for Strategy and Policy Studies 1990 ICMI NGO MARA 1998 PAN1999 PAN 7 PAN Abdurrahman Wahid NU PKB Gus Dur NU NU
121 dual function / dwi fungksi / / / / babinsa KOPASSUS 1952 RPKAD 115
122 GAM , NGO ,000 Golkar Partai Golongan Karya Sekretariat Bersama Golongan Karya, Sekber Golkar ICMI
123 PDI-P Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan PNI Partai Nasionalis Indonesia PNI PNI / PNI 4 PDI=Partai Demokrasi Indonesia PDI PDI 6 27 PDI PDI PNI 117
124 Nahdlatul Ulama NU MIAI, NU NU NU NU PKB NU NU NU NU Nurcholish Madjid 1939 Yayasan Wakaf Paramadina Universitas Paramadina Mulya NU 118
125 HMI 1970 LEKNAS-LIPI 1970 Fazlur Rahman IbnTaimiyah Ph.D Scriptualism 1990 ICMI Pancasila
126 preman free vrie man plain-clothes man civilian TEMPO, 10 Maret 2002, Benturan Antar-etnis: Bom Preman Meledakkan SARA. 120
127 Muhammadiyah 1912 NU PAN 7.12 PAN Partai Persatuan Pembangunan PPP P NU Parmusi PSSI Perti 4 PPP 1977 PPP 1983, NU PPP PPP
128 PPP , PPP Orde Baru ( ) / NU ( ) NU NU NU
129 ( ) NU ICMI ( ) NGO 1983 NU ICMI NU 123
130 Ikatan Cendekiawan Muslim se-indonesia ICMI NGO NU ICMI 1998 ICMI 1999 ICMI CIDES, Center for Information and Development Studies 124
131
132 2004 repositioning show of force IMF Indonesia Backgrounder: How 126
133 the Jamaah Islamiyah Terrorist Network Operates, ICG Asia Report No.43, 11December 2002 =DI
134
135 NTT Arief Budiman et al. eds., Reformasi: Crisis and Change in Indonesia, Victoria: Monash Asia Institute, Kees van Dijk, A Country in Despair: Indonesia between 1997 and 2000, Leiden: KITLV Press, Geoff Forrester ed., Post-Soeharto Indonesia: Renewal or Chaos? Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Chris Manning and Peter van Diemen eds., Indonesia in Transition: Social Aspects of Reformasi and Crisis, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Leo Suryadinata, Elections and Politics in Indonesia, Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies,
136 JBICI Research Paper 1. Issues of Sustainable Economic Growth from the Perspective of the Four East Asian Countries Organizational Capacity of Executing Agencies in the Developing Countries: Case Studies on Bangladesh, Thailand and Indonesia Urban Development and Housing Sector in Viet Nam Urban Public Transportation in Viet Nam :Improving Regulatory Framework BAAC Public Expenditure Management in Developing Countries INDIA: Fiscal Reform and Public Expenditure Management 12. Cash Crop Distribution Systems in the Philippines-Issues and Measures to Address Them Foreign Direct Investment and Development: Where Do We Stand? Development Assistances Strategies in the 21 st Century: Global and Regional Issues (volume1 2) IT JBIC ) No.1 No.2 OECF Research Papers No OECF Research Papers No )No.1~No.14 JBIC Research Paper Series
137 JBICI Research Paper No
138 ISSN
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