II 2 3.,, A(B + C) = AB + AC, (A + B)C = AC + BC. 4. m m A, m m B,, m m B, AB = BA, A,, I. 5. m m A, m n B, AB = B, A I E, 4 4 I, J, K

2 (2016 3Q N) c = o (11) Ax = b A x = c A n I n n n 2n (A I n ) (I n X) A A X A n A A A (1) (2) c 0 c (3) c A A i j n 1 ( 1) i+j A (i, j) A (i, j) ã i

[ ] (2016 3Q N) a 11 a 1n m n A A = a m1 a mn A a 1 A A = a n (1) A (a i a j, i j ) (2) A (a i ca i, c 0, i ) (3) A (a i a i + ca j, j i, i ) A 1 A 11 0 A 12 0 0 A 1k 0 1 A 22 0 0 A 2k 0 1 0 A 3k 1 A rk

1 n A a 11 a 1n A =.. a m1 a mn Ax = λx (1) x n λ (eigenvalue problem) x = 0 ( x 0 ) λ A ( ) λ Ax = λx x Ax = λx y T A = λy T x Ax = λx cx ( 1) 1.1 Th

1 n A a 11 a 1n A = a m1 a mn Ax = λx (1) x n λ (eigenvalue problem) x = ( x ) λ A ( ) λ Ax = λx x Ax = λx y T A = λy T x Ax = λx cx ( 1) 11 Th9-1 Ax = λx λe n A = λ a 11 a 12 a 1n a 21 λ a 22 a n1 a n2

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(2016 2Q H) [ ] R 2 2 P = (a, b), Q = (c, d) Q P QP = ( ) a c b d (a c, b d) P = (a, b) O P ( ) a p = b P = (a, b) p = ( ) a b R 2 {( ) } R 2 x = x, y

(2016 2Q H) [ ] R 2 2 P = (a, b), Q = (c, d) Q P QP = a c b d (a c, b d) P = (a, b) O P a p = b P = (a, b) p = a b R 2 { } R 2 x = x, y R y 2 a p =, c q = b d p + a + c q = b + d q p P q a p = c R c b

(2018 2Q C) [ ] R 2 2 P = (a, b), Q = (c, d) Q P QP = ( ) a c b d (a c, b d) P = (a, b) O P ( ) a p = b P = (a, b) p = ( ) a b R 2 {( ) } R 2 x = x, y

(2018 2Q C) [ ] R 2 2 P = (a, b), Q = (c, d) Q P QP = a c b d (a c, b d) P = (a, b) O P a p = b P = (a, b) p = a b R 2 { } R 2 x = x, y R y 2 a p =, c q = b d p + a + c q = b + d q p P q a p = c R c b

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行列代数2010A

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linearal1.dvi

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数学Ⅱ演習（足助・09夏）

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January 27, 2015

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行列代数2010A

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V (I) () (4) (II) () (4) V K vector space V vector K scalor K C K R (I) x, y V x + y V () (x + y)+z = x +(y + z) (2) x + y = y + x (3) V x V x + = x (4) x V x + x = x V x x (II) x V, α K αx V () (α + β)x

) ] [ h m x + y + + V x) φ = Eφ 1) z E = i h t 13) x << 1) N n n= = N N + 1) 14) N n n= = N N + 1)N + 1) 6 15) N n 3 n= = 1 4 N N + 1) 16) N n 4

1. k λ ν ω T v p v g k = π λ ω = πν = π T v p = λν = ω k v g = dω dk 1) ) 3) 4). p = hk = h λ 5) E = hν = hω 6) h = h π 7) h =6.6618 1 34 J sec) hc=197.3 MeV fm = 197.3 kev pm= 197.3 ev nm = 1.97 1 3 ev

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v v = v 1 v 2 v 3 (1) R = (R ij ) (2) R (R 1 ) ij = R ji (3) 3 R ij R ik = δ jk (4) i=1 δ ij Kronecker δ ij = { 1 (i = j) 0 (i

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24 I 1.1.. ( ) 1. R 3 (i) C : x 2 + y 2 1 = 0 (ii) C : y = ± 1 x 2 ( 1 x 1) (iii) C : x = cos t, y = sin t (0 t 2π) 1.1. γ : [a, b] R n ; t γ(t) = (x 1 (t), x 2 (t),, x n (t)) ( ) ( ), γ : (i) x 1 (t),

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X G P G (X) G BG [X, BG] S 2 2 2 S 2 2 S 2 = { (x 1, x 2, x 3 ) R 3 x 2 1 + x 2 2 + x 2 3 = 1 } R 3 S 2 S 2 v x S 2 x x v(x) T x S 2 T x S 2 S 2 x T x S 2 = { ξ R 3 x ξ } R 3 T x S 2 S 2 x x T x S 2

II 2 II

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II No.1 [n/] [1]H n x) H n x) = 1) r n! r!n r)! x)n r r= []H n x) n,, H n x) = 1) n H n x) [3] H n x) = 1) n dn x e dx n e x [4] H n+1 x) = xh n x) nh n 1 x) ) d dx x H n x) = H n+1 x) d dx H nx) = nh

Chap11.dvi

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DVIOUT

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