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1 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover Part No: E

2 Copyright 2010, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs, including any operating system, integrated software, any programs installed on the hardware, and/or documentation, delivered to U.S. Government end users are commercial computer software pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, use, duplication, disclosure, modification, and adaptation of the programs, including any operating system, integrated software, any programs installed on the hardware, and/or documentation, shall be subject to license terms and license restrictions applicable to the programs. No other rights are granted to the U.S. Government. redundancy Oracle Java Oracle Corporation Intel Intel Xeon Intel Corporation SPARC SPARC International, Inc. AMD Opteron AMD AMD Opteron Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. UNIX The Open Group

3 (Discover)...9 (Uncover) (Discover)...11 Discover bit.rc SUNW_DISCOVER_OPTIONS SUNW_DISCOVER_FOLLOW_FORK_MODE Discover HTML ASCII

4 Discover Discover (Uncover)...41 Uncover Uncover ASCII HTML Uncover Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

5 Oracle Solaris Studio 2.3 Discover Uncover (Discover) (Uncover) Oracle Solaris Studio Oracle Solaris SPARC Oracle Solaris Linux x86 x86 x x86 x64 64 x86 CPU 32 x86 x86 32 Linux Linux x86 Oracle Solaris SPARC x86 Oracle Solaris Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Oracle Solaris Studio Oracle Solaris Studio Oracle Solaris Studio Documentation Web 5

6 dbxtool DLight IDE F1 Web URL Web Oracle Oracle Oracle Oracle Solaris Studio Oracle Technical Network Web Oracle Oracle My Oracle Support lookup?ctx=acc&id=trs 6 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

7 P 1 AaBbCc123 AaBbCc123 AaBbCc123.login ls -a system% system% su password: rm filename 5 \ sun% grep ^#define \ XV_VERSION_STRING Oracle Solaris OS UNIX Oracle Solaris C machine_name% command y n [filename] C machine_name# command y n [filename] Bash Korn Bourne $ command y n [filename] Bash Korn Bourne 7

8 # command y n [filename] [] filename ( ) 1 ( : Shift ) Enter Return (-) 2 Ctrl-D Control D 8 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

9 1 1 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover 9 (Discover) 10 (Uncover) (Discover) (Discover) Discover Sun Studio 12 Update 1 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.2 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 GCC for Sun Systems Solaris 10 10/08 Solaris 10 update Oracle Solaris 11 Discover Discover Discover 9

10 (Uncover) Discover Discover ( ) Discover Web HTML (Uncover) Uncover Uncover Uncover Uncover Uncover Uncover Uncover Uncover 10 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

11 2 (Discover) (Discover) 11 Discover Discover Discover 37 Discover Discover Discover Sun Studio 12 Update 1 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.2 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 GCC for Sun Systems Solaris 10 10/08 Solaris 10 update Oracle Solaris 11 SPARC x86 Discover -l (17 ) 11

12 Discover Discover -g Discover -g Discover -g Discover (34 Discover ) Discover LD_PRELOAD Discover Discover ( -p -P LD_AUDIT ) Discover Discover LD_AUDIT Discover malloc() calloc() memalign() valloc() free() 12 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

13 Discover % cat test_umr.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main() { // UMR: accessing uninitialized data int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); printf("*p = %d\n", *p); free(p); } % cc -g -02 test_umr.c % a.out *p = % discover a.out % a.out Discover 2 (Discover) 13

14 Discover discover a.out a.out a.out discover a.out Discover Discover Web HTML ( a.out.html) 14 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

15 ASCII stderr -w -n Discover Discover discover: (warning): a.out: 80% of code instrumented (16 out of 20 functions) 11 Discover $HOME/SUNW_Bit_Cache -D Discover Discover -c dlopen() Discover -n Discover -c Discover Discover 11 Discover 1 2 (Discover) 15

16 -s -T -N ( 17 ) bit.rc ( 19 bit.rc ) Discover Discover Discover bit.rc Discover discover -a binary_name.analyze/dynamic -b browser Web browser ( off) -o file file -w text_file Discover text_file text_file %p Discover ID -w report.%p.txt report.process_id.txt 2 %p ID -H HTML output_file.html output_file 16 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

17 -H HTML -H html_file Discover HTML html_file html_file %p Discover ID -H report.%p.html report.process_id.html 2 %p ID -w HTML output_file.html output_file -w HTML -e n n ( ) -E n n ( 100 ) -f ( ) -m ( ) -S n n ( 8 ) -c [- library file ] library file -n -l Discover 11 2 (Discover) 17

18 -F [parent child] Discover Discover Discover -F child -i collect ( Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3: ) -s -T -N library library library library / -K bit.rc ( 19 bit.rc ) -D cache_directory cache_directory $HOME/SUNW_Bit_Cache -k -h -? -v Discover -V Discover 18 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

19 bit.rc Discover bit.rc Oracle_Solaris_Studio_installation_directory /prod/lib/postopt/bit.rc Discover $HOME/.bit.rc current_directory/.bit.rc bit.rc Discover set append ( ) remove bit.rc ( ) bit.rc SUNW_DISCOVER_OPTIONS SUNW_DISCOVER_OPTIONS -b -e -E -f -F -H -l -L -m -S -w e 50-s 3 SUNW_DISCOVER_FOLLOW_FORK_MODE Discover Discover Discover SUNW_DISCOVER_FOLLOW_FORK_MODE 2 (Discover) 19

20 Discover Discover Discover ( HTML ) 20 Discover 50 Discover Discover output_file.html HTML output_file -H HTML -w (16 ) 19 SUNW_DISCOVER_OPTIONS -H -w HTML HTML HTML Web JavaScript Discover (Errors) (21 (Errors) ) (Warnings) (24 (Warnings) ) (Memory Leaks) (25 20 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

21 Discover (Memory Leaks) ) (27 ) (Errors) HTML (Errors) 2 (Discover) 21

22 Discover 22 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

23 Discover -g 2 (Discover) 23

24 Discover (Warnings) (Warnings) -g 24 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

25 Discover (Memory Leaks) (Memory Leaks) 2 (Discover) 25

26 Discover -g 26 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

27 Discover (Stack Traces) (Expand All) (Source Code) (Expand All) (Collapse All) (Show Errors) (Errors) 2 (Discover) 27

28 Discover (Show Warnings) (Warnings ) ASCII Discover ASCII ( ) Web ASCII $ a.out ERROR 1 (UAW): writing to unallocated memory at address 0x50088 (4 bytes) at: main() + 0x2a0 <ui.c:20> 17: t = malloc(32); 18: printf("hello\n"); 19: for (int i=0; i<100;i++) 20:=> t[32] = 234; // UAW 21: printf("%d\n", t[2]); //UMR 22: foo(); 23: bar(); _start() + 0x108 ERROR 2 (UMR): accessing uninitialized data from address 0x50010 (4 bytes) at: main() + 0x16c <ui.c:21>$ 18: printf("hello\n"); 19: for (int i=0; i<100;i++) 20: t[32] = 234; // UAW 21:=> printf("%d\n", t[2]); //UMR 22: foo(); 23: bar(); 24: } _start() + 0x108 was allocated at (32 bytes): main() + 0x24 <ui.c:17> 14: x = (int*)malloc(size); // AZS warning 15: } 16: int main() { 17:=> t = malloc(32); 18: printf("hello\n"); 19: for (int i=0; i<100;i++) 20: t[32] = 234; // UAW _start() + 0x Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

29 Discover 0 WARNING 1 (AZS): allocating zero size memory block at: foo() + 0xf4 <ui.c:14> 11: void foo() { 12: x = malloc(128); 13: free(x); 14:=> x = (int*)malloc(size); // AZS warning 15: } 16: int main() { 17: t = malloc(32); main() + 0x18c <ui.c:22> 19: for (int i=0; i<100;i++) 20: t[32] = 234; // UAW 21: printf("%d\n", t[2]); //UMR 22:=> foo(); 23: bar(); 24: } _start() + 0x108 ***************** Discover Memory Report ***************** 1 block at 1 location left allocated on heap with a total size of 128 bytes 1 block with total size of 128 bytes bar() + 0x24 <ui.c:9> 6: 7: void bar() { 8: int *y; 9:=> y = malloc(128); // Memory leak 10: } 11: void foo() { 12: x = malloc(128); main() + 0x194 <ui.c:23> 20: t[32] = 234; // UAW 21: printf("%d\n", t[2]); //UMR 22: foo(); 23:=> bar(); 24: } _start() + 0x108 ERROR 1: repeats 100 times DISCOVER SUMMARY: unique errors : 2 (101 total, 0 filtered) unique warnings : 1(1total, 0 filtered) ERROR 3 ID ( writing to unallocated memory) 2 (Discover) 29

30 Discover -g => 1 ERROR 1: repeats 100 times WARNING 0 $ DISCOVER_MEMORY_LEAKS=1./a.out... ***************** Discover Memory Report ***************** 2 blocks left allocated on heap with total size of 44 bytes block at 0x50008 (40 bytes long) was allocated at: malloc() + 0x168 [libdiscover.so:0xea54] f() + 0x1c [a.out:0x3001c] <discover_example.c:9>: 8: { 9:=> int *a = (int *)malloc( n * sizeof(int) ); 10: int i, j, k; main() + 0x1c [a.out:0x304a8] <discover_example.c:33>: 32: /* Print first N=10 Fibonacci numbers */ 33:=> a = f(n); 34: printf("first %d Fibonacci numbers:\n", N); _start() + 0x5c [a.out:0x105a8] Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

31 Discover : DISCOVER SUMMARY: unique errors : 3 (3 total) unique warnings :1(5total) Discover Discover ABR: (beyond Array Bounds Read) ABW: (beyond Array Bounds Write) BFM: (Bad Free Memory) BRP: realloc (Bad Realloc address Parameter) CGB: (Corrupted array Guard Block) DFM: (Double Freeing Memory) FMR: (Freed Memory Read) FMW: (Freed Memory Write) FRP: realloc (Freed Realloc Parameter) IMR: (Invalid Memory Read) IMW: (Invalid Memory Write) OLP: (OverLaPping source and destination) PIR: (Partially Initialized Read) SBR: (beyond Stack frame Bounds Read) SBW: (beyond Stack frame Bounds Write) UAR: (UnAllocated memory Read) UAW: (UnAllocated memory Write) 2 (Discover) 31

32 UMR: (Unitialized Memory Read) ABR // ABR: reading memory beyond array bounds at address 0x%1x (%d byte%s)" int *a = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int[5])); printf("a[5] = %d\n",a[5]); ABW // ABW: writing to memory beyond array bounds int *a = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int[5])); a[5] = 5; BFM // BFM: freeing wrong memory block int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p+1); BRP // BRP is "bad address parameter for realloc 0x%1x" int *p = (int*) realloc(0,sizeof(int)); int *q = (int*) realloc(p+20,sizeof(int[2])); DFM // DFM is "double freeing memory" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p); free(p); FMR // FMR is "reading from freed memory at address 0x%1x (%d byte%s)" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p); printf("p = 0x%h\n",p); FMW // FMW is "writing to freed memory at address 0x%1x (%d byte%s)" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(p); *p=1; 32 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

33 FRP // FRP: freed pointer passed to realloc int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); free(0); int *q = (int*) realloc(p,sizeof(int[2])); IMR // IMR: read from invalid memory address int *p = 0; int i = *p; // generates Signal IMW // IMW: write to invalid memory address int *p = 0; *p = 1; // generates Signal OLP char *s=(char *) malloc(15); memset(s, x, 15); memcpy(s, s+5, 10); return 0; PIR // PIR: accessing partially initialized data int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); *((char*)p) = c ; printf("*(p = %d\n",*(p+1)); SBR int a[2]={0,1}; printf("a[-10]=%d\n",a[-10]); return 0; SBW int a[2]={0,1) a[-10]=2; return 0; UAR // UAR is "reading from unallocated memory" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); printf("*(p+1) = %d\n",*(p+1)); 2 (Discover) 33

34 Discover UAW // UAW is "writing to unallocated memory" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); *(p+1) = 1; UMR // UMR is "accessing uninitialized data from address 0x%1x (A%d byte%s)" int *p = (int*) malloc(sizeof(int)); printf("*p = %d\n",*p); Discover AZS: 0 (allocating zero size) SMR: (speculative unitialized memory read) AZS AZS // AZS: allocating zero size memory block int *p = malloc(); Discover Discover Discover Discover C C++ : struct my_struct { unsigned int valid : 1; char c; }; 34 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

35 Discover my_struct.valid 1 SPARC CPU struct.valid 1 ( 4 ) Discover 4 my_struct.valid my_struct.c Discover (PIR) 1 (UMR) -g -g0 Discover -g memset() :... struct my_struct s; /* Initialize structure prio to use */ memset(&sm 0, sizeof(struct my_struct));... SPARK C int i if (foo(&i)!= 0) { /* foo returns nonzero if it has initialized i */ printf("5d\n", i); } int i; int t1, t2 t1 = foo(&i); 2 (Discover) 35

36 Discover t2 = i; /* value in i is loaded */ if (t1!= 0) { printf("%d\n", t2); } foo() 0 i i Discover (UMR) Discover Discover 100% Discover ( ) Discover (UMR) Discover API : void ped_memory_write(unsigned long addr, long size, unsigned long pc); void ped_memory_read(unsigned long addr, long size, unsigned long pc); void ped_memory_copy(unsigned long src, unsigned lond dst, long size, unsigned long pc); API Discover ( ped_memory_write ()) ( ped_memory read()) addr size pc 0 ped_memory_copy Discover src dst size pc 0 API weak 36 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

37 Discover #ifdef cplusplus extern "C" { #endif extern void ped_memory_write(unsigned long addr, long size, unsigned long pc); extern void ped_memory_read(unsigned long addr, long size, unsigned long pc); extern void ped_memory_copy(unsigned long src, unsigned long dst, long size, unsigned long pc); #prgama weak ped_memory_write #pragma weak ped_memory_read #pragma weak ped_memory_copy #ifdef cplusplus } #endif API Discover API Discover API Discover Discover API Discover Discover 11 asm.il Discover Discover 2 (Discover) 37

38 Discover C : int *p = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)); int i; i = *p; /* compiler may not generate code for this statement */ printf("hello World!\n"); return; p i i Discover (UMR) -On Discover -O1 -O4 Discover C (libc.so) Discover Discover Discover API 38 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

39 Discover Discover malloc() calloc() free() operator new() operator delete() ( malloc() ) Discover Discover : brk(2)() sbrk(2)() mmap(2)() shmget(2)() sigaltstack(2)() Discover ( ) 2 (Discover) 39

40 40

41 3 (Uncover) 41 Uncover 42 Uncover ASCII 55 HTML Uncover Uncover Sun Studio 12 Update 1 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.2 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 GCC for Sun Systems Solaris 10 10/08 Solaris 10 update Oracle Solaris 11 SPARC x86 Uncover -g Uncover -g (PC) Uncover Oracle Solaris Studio ( Uncover -O1 ) Uncover (-O1 -O2) -g Uncover -O3 41

42 Uncover 57 Uncover Uncover Uncover uncover a.out a.out a.out.uc ( a.out.uc) uncover a.out -c ( ) -d directory directory Uncover 42 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

43 Uncover -d -m on off -c -m off -m on -o output_binary_file uncover Uncover Uncover.uc Uncover uncover : uncover a.out.uc a.out.uc binary_name.er Oracle Solaris Studio GUI.er.rc ( Oracle Solaris Studio 12.2 ) 3 (Uncover) 43

44 Uncover uncover HTML Web ASCII -a binary_name.analyze/coverage -c ( ) -e on off GUI -H html_directory HTML Web -h -? -n Web -t ascii_file ASCII -V Uncover -v Uncover 1 Discover uncover a.out a.out a.out a.out.uc a.out.uc a.out a.out uncover -d coverage a.out 44 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

45 a.out.uc coverage uncover a.out.uc a.out.uc (a.out.er) GUI uncover -H a.out.html a.out.uc a.out.uc a.out.html HTML Web uncover -t a.out.txt a.out.uc a.out.uc a.out.txt ASCII uncover -a a.out.uc a.out.c binary_name.analyze/coverage uncover Oracle Solaris Studio (Functions) (Source) (Disassembly) (Inst-Freq) (Functions) (Uncoverage) (Function Count) (Instr Exec) (%) (Block Covered %) (%) (Instr Covered %) 3 (Uncover) 45

46 (Uncoverage) (Uncoverage) Uncover main() (Uncoverage) (sigprof() sigprofh() ) main() 46 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

47 (Uncoverage) 0 (Function Count) (Function Count) (Instr Exec) (Instr Exec) 0 0 (Functions) (Source) (48 ) (Disassembly) (50 ) (%) (Block Covered %) (%) (Block Covered %) <Total> 3 (Uncover) 47

48 (%) (Instr Covered %) (%) (Instr Covered %) <Total> -g (Souece) Uncover (Source) (Instr Exec) Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

49 ( ) 57 Uncover 3 (Uncover) 49

50 (Source) (Disassembly) (Instr Exec) 50 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

51 ASCII (Inst-Freq) ASCII -t Uncover ASCII ( ) UNCOVER Code Coverage Total Functions: 95 Covered Functions: 58 3 (Uncover) 51

52 ASCII Function Coverage: 61.1% Total Basic Blocks: 568 Covered Basic Blocks: 258 Basic Block Coverage: 45.4% Total Basic Block Executions: 564,812,760 Average Executions per Basic Block: 994, Total Instructions: 6,201 Covered Instructions: 3,006 Instruction Coverage: 48.5% Total Instruction Executions: 4,760,934,518 Average Executions per Instruction: 767, Number of times this program was executed: unavailable Functions sorted by metric: Exclusive Uncoverage Excl. Excl. Excl. Excl. Name Uncoverage Function Block Instr Count Covered % Covered % <Total> main iofile do_vforkexec callso do_forkexec callsx sigprof sigprofh do_chdir correlate do_popen pagethrash so_cputime sx_cputime itimer_realprof ldso hrv do_system do_burncpu sx_burncpu forkcopy masksignals sigprof_handler sigprof_sigaction do_exec iotest closeso gethrustime forkchild gethrpxtime whrlog masksig closesx reapchildren reapchild doabort csig_handler acct_init bounce bounce_a 52 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

53 ASCII bounce-b check_sigmask commandline cputime dousleep endcases ext_inline_code ext_macro_code fitos get_clock_rate get_ncpus gpf gpf_a gpf_b gpf_work icputime inc_body inc_brace inc_entry inc_exit inc_func inc_middle init_micro_acct initcksig inline_code macro_code muldiv my_irand naptime prdelta prhrdelta prhrvdelta prtime real_recurse recurse recursedeep s_inline_code sigtime sigtime_handler snaptod so_init stpwtch_alloc stpwtch_calibrate stpwtch_print stpwtch_start stpwtch_stop sx_init systime tailcall_a tailcall_b tailcall_c tailcallopt underflow whrvlog wlog Instruction frequency data from experiment a.out.er 3 (Uncover) 53

54 ASCII Instruction frequencies of /export/home1/synprog/a.out.uc Instruction Executed () TOTAL (100.0) float ops ( 50.1) float ld st ( 24.2) load store ( 32.4) load ( 18.5) store ( 13.9) Instruction Executed () Annulled In Delay Slot TOTAL (100.0) add ( 15.0) subcc ( 11.7) br ( 11.7) 0 0 stf ( 9.1) ldf ( 8.6) faddd ( 8.2) 0 0 fdtos ( 7.7) 0 0 fstod ( 7.6) 0 0 lddf ( 6.1) stw ( 2.9) lduw ( 2.5) ldx ( 1.4) stx ( 1.4) fitod ( 0.8) 0 0 sethi ( 0.8) fdtoi ( 0.6) 0 0 fdivd ( 0.5) 0 0 call ( 0.5) 0 0 srl ( 0 5) 0 21 stdf ( 0.4) 0 0 or ( 0.4) fmuls ( 0.3) 0 0 jmpl ( 0.1) 0 0 save ( 0.1) 0 0 restore ( 0.1) sub ( 0.1) 0 0 xor ( 0.1) 0 0 fitos ( 0.1) 0 0 fstoi ( 0.1) 0 0 and ( 0.1) 0 0 andn ( 0.1) 0 0 sll ( 0.1) 0 0 nop ( 0.1) fxtod 7763 ( 0.0) 0 0 bpr 6000 ( 0.0) 0 0 fcmped 4837 ( 0.0) 0 0 fbr 4837 ( 0.0) 0 0 fmuld 2850 ( 0.0) 0 0 orcc 383 ( 0.0) 0 0 sra 241 ( 0.0) 0 0 ldsb 160 ( 0.0) 0 0 mulx 87 ( 0.0) 0 0 stb 31 ( 0.0) 0 0 mov 21 ( 0.0) 0 0 fdtox 15 ( 0.0) 0 0 ========================================================== 54 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

55 HTML HTML HTML trimmed 3 (Uncover) 55

56 HTML Caller-callee - 56 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

57 Uncover Uncover Uncover 41 Uncover asm.il 3 (Uncover) 57

58 Uncover Uncover Uncover Uncover 1 #define A 100 #define B if (A>B) {... } Uncover if 0 Uncover 2 1 void foo() 2 { 3 A(); 4 return; 5 B(); 6 C(); 7 D(); 8 return; 9 } B C D foo:.l : /* */ save %sp,-96,%sp /* 0x */ call A! params =! Result = /* 0x0008 */ nop /* 0x000c 8 */ ret! Result = /* 0x0010 */ restore %g0,%g0,%g Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

59 Uncover Excl. Excl. Excl. Excl. Excl. Uncoverage Function Instr Block Instr Count Exec Covered % Covered % 1. void foo() ## { <Function: foo ## A(); 4. return; 5. B(); 6. C(); 7. D(); 8. return; ## } 3 1 int g; 2 int foo() { 3 int x; 4 x=g; 5 for (int i=0; i<100; i++) 6 x++; 7 return x; 8 } foo:.l : /* */ save %sp,-112,%sp /* 0x */ sethi %hi(g),%l1 /* 0x0008 */ ld [%l1+%lo(g)],%l3! volatile /* 0x000c */ add %l1,%lo(g),%l2 /* 0x */ st %g0,[%fp-12] /* 0x */ st %l3,[%fp-8] /* 0x */ ld [%fp-12],%l4 /* 0x001c */ cmp %l4,100 /* 0x0020 */ bge,a,pn %icc,.l /* 0x */ ld [%fp-8],%l1.l17: /* 0x */ ld [%fp-8],%l1.l : /* 0x002c 6 */ ld [%fp-12],%l3 /* 0x */ add %l1,1,%l2 /* 0x0034 */ st %l2,[%fp-8] /* 0x */ add %l3,1,%l4 /* 0x003c */ st %l4,[%fp-12] /* 0x0040 */ ld [%fp-12],%l5 /* 0x0044 */ cmp %l5,100 /* 0x0048 */ bl,a,pn %icc,.l /* 0x004c 7 */ ld [%fp-8],%l1 3 (Uncover) 59

60 Uncover /* 0x */ ld [%fp-8],%l1.l : /* 0x */ st %l1,[%fp-4] /* 0x0058 */ ld [%fp-4],%i0 /* 0x005c */ ret! Result = %i0 /* 0x0060 */ restore %g0,%g0,%g0 foo: /* */ sethi %hi(g),%o5 /* 0x0004 */ ld [%o5+%lo(g)],%o4 /* 0x */ retl! Result = %o0 /* 0x000c 5 */ add %o4,100,%o0 Excl. Excl. Excl. Excl. Excl. Uncoverage Function Instr Block Instr Count Exec Covered % Covered % 1. int g; int foo() { <Function foo> 3. int x; 4. x=g; Source loop below has tag L1 Induction variable substitution performed on L1 L1 deleted as dead code ## for (int i=0; i<100; i++) 6. x++; 7. return x; } 60 Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

61 B bit.rc, 19 Discover, 18 D Discover API, 36 -a, 16 -c, 15, 17 -D, 15, 18 -E, 17 -e, 17 -F, 17 -f, 17 -H, 17, 20 -h, 18 -i, 18 -K, 18 -k, 18 -l, 17 -m, 17 -N, 16, 18 -n, 15, 17 -o, 16 -S, 17 -s, 18 -T, 16, 18 -V, 18 -v, 18 Discover, ( ) -w, 15, 16, 20, 9 10, 17, 18, 18, 16, 18, 17, 18, 16, 17, 18, 11 12, 18, 37 39, 19, 31 34, 32, 34 /, 17 Discover ASCII, 28 31, 29, 31, 16, 30 61

62 Discover, ASCII ( ), 29, 31, 31, 30, 31 HTML, (Errors), 21 23, 17 (Warnings), 24, 27 28, 22, 24, 26, 27, 27, 23, 24, 26, 27, 28 (Memory Leaks), 25 26, 25, 34, 17, 34, 35, 35, 36, 17, 17, 17, 17 Discove, U Uncover -a, 44 -c, 42, 44 -d, 42 -e, 44 -H, 44 -h, 44 -m, 43 -n, 44 -o, 43 -t, 44 -V, 44 -v, 44, 10, 43 44, 44, 44 45, 42, 43, 41, 44, 43, 57 60, 42, 44 Uncover ASCII, 51 54, 44 Uncover HTML, 55 56, 44 S SUNW_DISCOVER_FOLLOW_FORK_MODE, 19 SUNW_DISCOVER_OPTIONS, 19, 20 Discover, 16, 18 Discover, 15 Discover, Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Discover Uncover

63 Discover, 15, 15 Discover, Uncover, 41, 5 6, 5 Discover, 12 Discover, Discover, Discover, 19, 16 Discover, 20 Uncover, 42 Uncover, 43 Discover, Discover, 18 Uncover, 42 Uncover, (Functions), (%) (Block Covered %), 47 (%) (Instr Covered %), 48 (Uncoverage), (Function Count), 47 (Instr Exec), 47 (Disassembly), 50, 44 (Souece), (Inst-Freq), 51 63

64 64

Copyright Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs, including any operating system, integrated softw

Copyright Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs, including any operating system, integrated softw Oracle Solaris Studio 12.3 Part No: E26466 2011 12 Copyright 2011 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood City, CA 94065 U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs, including any operating system, integrated software,