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1 アジア動物園 水族館シンポジウム ~ アジアの動物園 水族館の未来を考えよう ~ Symposium on Zoos and Aquariums in Asia ~Let,s look toward the future of zoological institutions in Asia.~ JAZA の将来へ向けての取り組み Action to the future of JAZA 佐藤哲也公益社団法人日本動物園水族館協会 (JAZA) 生物多様性委員会委員長那須どうぶつ王国園長 Tetuya Sato JAZA Conservation Committee Chairman Director Nasu Animal Kingdom

2 生物を展示することのよって動物たちの素晴らしさ 命の大切さを伝える動物園水族館の業務はレクリエーション 種の保存 普及啓発 研究分野 域外保全 生物多様性関連業務など多岐にわたっており 年々責務は増大している そうした動物園水族館の根幹をなす展示生物の収集は必要不可欠な業務であるが 近年は取り巻く様々な要因により生物の確保は大変厳しい状況となっている The duties of Zoos and Aquariums are to convey to the public the charm of animals and the importance of life. And also our tasks are recreation, conservation of endangered species, envoiromental education, seientific research, Ex-situ conservation, biodiversity conservation.etc, and the tusks are increasing year by year. To acheive our duties and tasks maintaing of animal collections are essential, but recently it becomes difficult to keep animal collections affecting many factors.

3 困難度を増す動物収集 Animal collection to add to a difficulty degree 野生動物の個体数の世界的減少 Global decrease in population of the wild animal 法的規制の強化 Reinforcement of the legal regulation 飼育管理基準による制約 Limitation by the animal husbandry management standard コストの増大 Increase of the cost 倫理的問題 Ethical problem 紛争 Dispute

4 公益社団法人日本動物園水族館協会 Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums (JAZA) 89 動物園及び62 水族館の121 施設で構成 1939 年設立 Number of member institutions 151 (89 Zoos 62 Aquariums) since 1939 組織図 Organization Chart 総裁 President 理事会 Board of Directors 倫理委員会 Ethics Committee ( 会長 副会長 理事 事務局 ) 広報戦略会議 Strategic Council 地域別会議 Regional Management 執行機関 Executive Committees 総務委員会 General Affairs 教育普及委員会 Education and Public Awareness

5 生物多様性委員会 Conservation Committee 保全戦略部 Conservation Strategy Division 国際保全事業部 Global Conservation Affairs Division 種保存事業部 Species Management Planning Division 委員長 副委員長 部長 3 名 部員 20 名 計 25 名で構成 Chairman, vice chairman, director three, member 20, 25 people in total

6 保全戦略部 Conservation Strategy Division 役割 Role 生物多様性保全戦略 Biodiversity conservation strategy 生息域内 域外の統合された保全 Integrated In situ and Ex situ conservation planning 行動 Action 2014 年環境省と 生物多様性保全の推進に関する基本協定 締結 Conclusion of the framework agreement related to biodiversity conservation promotion with Ministry of Environment in 2014 生息域外保全外来種対策普及啓発 Ex situ conservation Invasive Alien Species strategy Raising awareness

7 生息域外保全の取組 Ex situ conservation ツシマヤマネコ Tsushima Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus ベンガルヤマネコの亜種アムールヤマネコの島嶼隔離個体群で長崎県対馬にのみ生息し 最新の推定生息数は 70 若しくは 100 頭とされ 減少傾向に歯止めがかかっていない Inhabits exclusively Tsushima Island. Considered a geographically isolated population of the Amur Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus). The number of the latest habitation is estimated to be 70 or 100; a tendency to decrease.

8 1996 年環境省による生息域内からの創始個体の導入を開始 年環境省は福岡市動物園 ( 福岡市 ) を保護増殖事業に取り組む施設として認定 年福岡市動物園で飼育下繁殖に成功 Ministry of the Environment (MOE) started the capture of the animals from the wild habitat for captive breeding in MOE entrusted the Fukuoka Zoo with the breeding of the captured animals. Captive breeding was implemented at the Fukuoka Zoo from 1998.

9 2013 年までの4 年間に繁殖成果が得られず 飼育個体群の減少が危惧された為 日本動物園水族館協会と環境省で飼育下繁殖推進会議を設置し 現状の把握 問題点の抽出と繁殖計画を策定した 2014 年 4 月福岡市動物園にて3 個体 ( オス1 メス2) が生まれる 2014 年 5 月九十九島動植物園でオス2 個体が生まれる 2014 年東京都井の頭自然文化園でアムールヤマネコの人工受精成功 2 個体の産仔 ( オス1 不明 1) を得る 2015 年 5 月福岡市動物園にて3 個体 ( オス1 メス2) が生まれる 3 offspring (2 males and 1 female) were reproduced at the Fukuoka Zoo in April, males were reproduced at the Kujyuku-shima in May, offspring of Amur Leopard Cat were reproduced by the artificial insemination at the Inokashira Park Zoo in January, 2014.(One of them is stillbirth, another one is male) 3 offspring (1males and 2 female) were reproduced at the

10 野生復帰に向けて The reintroduction program program 環境省は対馬にツシマヤマネコ野生馴化ステーションを開設し 域外で繁殖した個体を収容 野生馴化して野生復帰をさせる計画を推進しているが この計画に於いても JAZA は連携して助言 協力を行っている 中型哺乳動物の野生復帰は我国初の試みである Ministry of the Environment built wild nature acclimation station for the station for the reintroduction in Tsushima,and has a plan to put back a plan to put back a Tsushima Leopard Cat in the captive breeding to the breeding to the wild. JAZA also cooperates and advice in this program. The reintroduction of the medium-sized mammal is our country's first country's first trial.

11 配偶子バンク Gamete bank 保全戦略部では大学や研究機関と連携した配偶子バンクを設置し 多くの貴重な配偶子の冷凍保存事業を行っているが 現在約 120 種類以上の配偶子 ( 多くは精子 ) が保存されており 今後の有効利用を待っている The zoo sets up a gamete bank in connection with a university and a research organization and cryopreserves many precious gametes. Gametes (a lot sperms) more than approximately 90 Species are stored now and are waiting for future utilization.

12 国際保全事業部 Division Global Conservation Affairs 役割 Role 展示生物の継続的確保に関する世界戦略 Global strategy for long-term sustainability of captive populations 国際的な連携 協働 International partnership 行動 Action コレクション計画オンラインシステム導入 (2015) Introduction of Collection Planning Online System (2015) 飼育動物一覧 Animal stock list JAZA 管理計画方針 Policies for JAZA management plan 各園館収集方針 Policies for collection by members

13 種保存事業部 Division Species Management Planning 役割 Role 種保存事業 Species Management plan 飼育動物の持続可能な利用 Sustainability of captive populations 飼育動物の包括的な管理 Comprehensive management of captive populations 生物多様性保全の普及啓発 Enlightenment activities of biodiversity 生息域内 域外保全への貢献 Contributions for in/ex situ conservation 行動 Action 種保存会議開催 Hold the Species survival meeting コレクションプラン策定 (2015) Collection Plan established in 2015 個体群管理講習会 Population management training course

14 JAZA コレクションプラン (JCP) JAZA Collection Plan JAZA は全分類群についてカテゴリーを定め 健全な管理 繁殖 累代飼育を推進し 限られた資源の持続可能な利用計画 JAZA コレクションプラン (JCP) を策定した JAZA determined categories about all taxa and promoted complete management, breeding, successively rearing and devised the sustainable use plan JAZA COLLECTION PLAN of limited resources.

15 選考基準 Criterion for selection 種保存対象種生息域外保全種学術的価値文化的価値教育的価値 Object of conservation of species Ex situ conservation Scientific value Cultural value Educational value 調査 研究 Research 飼育繁殖技術確立 Establishment of various techniques レクリエーション知名度 人気種 Recreation Popularity

16 JCP カテゴリー JCP CATEGORY Species Management Program 個体群管理 管理計画策定 (94 種 ) 管理種 JSMP Population management,management plan(94 Species ) 登録種 JSB Studbook 遺伝的多様性と動態を把握 血統登録 (67 種 ) Assessment of dynamics of genetic variations,studbook registration(67 Species )

17 維持種 MAINTAIN SPECIES 飼育個体数の変動状況の把握 (123 種 ) Assessment of captive population differentiation(123 Species ) 調査種 SURVEY SPECIES 入手経路 飼育繁殖技術の確立 情報収集等 (21 種 ) establishment of acquisition routes and breeding techniques,information gathering (21 Species ) JCP 対象種計 306 種 Total number of species in JCP 306 Species

18 20 年前までは当たり前にいた動物が見られなくなったり 数が減少したり 遺伝的な多様性を保持することが出来なくなってしまった種も少数ではない JAZA はこうした要因を意識し すでに様々な取り組みを行っているが国内連携で解決することは困難である動物園水族館が将来へ向けて発展していくためには国際連携による問題解決に取り組むことが不可欠である Any species commonly exhibited 20 year ago are not kept at present, and many species cannot maintain gene diversity and decreasing the number of specimens... JAZA performs various actions such factors, but it is difficult to solve only within our members cooperation. It is essential to work with international cooperation for solving these issues and the future of zoos and aquariums.

19 ご清聴ありがとうございました THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

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