Muon Muon Muon lif
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- さわ かんけ
- 7 years ago
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1
2 Muon Muon Muon life time PMT HV NIM ADC TDC Muon life time VETO
3 1 Muon 106MeV 2.2 s µ ν e + e + ν µ (1) µ + ν e + e + + ν µ (2) Muon Muon( ) 1937 Muon 1/2 m µ = 105MeV/c 2 ( 0.5MeV) life time 2.2 s ( % proton) µ + µ e + e γ 70% 1cm Muon Muon E = M µ C 2 P µ = 0 2
4 P e P ν = P µ = 0 P e = P ν = P P e = P ν = P M µ C 2 = M 2 e C 4 + P 2 e C 2 + M 2 ν C 4 + P 2 ν C 2 (3) M µ C 2 = M 2 e C 4 + P 2 C 2 + M 2 ν C 4 + P 2 C 2 (4) P 2 = C2 4Mµ 2 ( M 4 µ + M 4 e + M 4 ν 2M 2 µm 2 e 2M 2 ν M 2 e 2M 2 ν M 2 µ) (5) T max T max = E e M e C 2 = M 2 e C 4 + P 2 C 2 M e C 2 (6) M µ M e, M ν 5 P C2 Mµ 2 T max M µc 2 = 52.5M ev (7) 2 (0.5MeV) 7 T max = M 2 e C 4 + C4 4M 2 µ ( ) M 4 µ + Me 4 + Mν 4 2MµM 2 e 2 2Mν 2 Me 2 2Mν 2 Mµ 2 Me C 2 (8) 7 8 (7) 2 (8) 2 = 2Me 2 C 4 C4 ( M 4 4Mµ 2 e + Mν 4 2MµM 2 e 2 2Mν 2 Me 2 2Mν 2 Mµ 2 ) +2Me C M 2 e 2 C 4 + C2 4Mµ 2 P 2 (9) dγ dx = G2 µm 5 µ 96π 3 x2 (3 2x) dγ de de dx = G2 µm 5 µ 4E 2 96π 3 m 2 µ dγ de = G2 µ 12π 3 m2 µe 2 x = 2E ( 3 4E m µ ( 3 4E m µ (10) m µ ) (11) Γ Muon 2 ) (12) 3
5 2 2.4 Muon life time Muon τ λ dn = λndt (13) N(0) N(t) = N(0)exp( λt) (14) t = 1 λ N(0) 1 e (mean life) τ = 0 N(0) tdn dn = 0 λtexp ( λt) dt = 1 λ Muon 2000 τ ( ) (15) 4
6 3 3.1 (PMT) ( 420nm) (WLS)... ( 420ns) PMT ( 500ns)... WLS PMT Pet Pet... VETO 3 5
7 6 2 coincidence and 2 6
8 ( 5) ( )
9 4 4.1 PMT HV PMT HV 2 HV HV coincidence 50mV KV 2.3KV 2.3KV KV 2 2.2KV 8
10 KV 2.4KV 3 2.4KV 4 2.3KV 2.3KV 2.2KV KV 4 2.3KV 9
11 2.0KV 2.4KV 2.4KV 2.3KV 2.3KV 2.2KV 30mV 2.3KV 2.3KV KV 1664[count/100sec] 1679[count/100sec] 1262[count/100sec] :1000cm 2 :1000cm 2 :750cm 2 HV /cm 2 :1666 /100sec :1666 /100sec :1240 /100sec 10
12 4.2 NIM NIM AND OR ( ) DISCRIMINATOR 10 50mV PMT 11
13 4.2.2 COINCIDENCE COINCIDENCE mV 20ns ns COINCIDENCE 12
14 4.2.3 Accidental Coincidence( ) Accidental Coincidence AND CH1 CH6 CH1: 35980[count/100sec] CH2: 10322[count/100sec] CH3: 19586[count/100sec] CH4: 20314[count/100sec] CH5: 19790[count/100sec] CH6: 3059[count/100sec] CH1:35ns CH2:45ns CH3:25ns CH4:25ns CH5:33ns CH6:46ns N 1 N 2 W 1 W 2 Accidental CoincidenceN Accidental Coincidence A:N A = [count/sec] B:N B = [count/sec] C:N C = [count/sec] N = N 1 N 2 (W 1 + W 2 ) (16) 12 16count Accidental Coincidence Accidental Coincidence 13
15 4.3 ADC TDC ADC gate gate 12 gate 12 gate 3 gate pedestal 1Hz or 14
16 13 tuukamu tuukamu Entries Mean RMS χ / ndf / 79 Constant 4657 ± 70.0 MPV ± 0.3 Sigma ± tuukamu tuukamu Entries Mean RMS χ / ndf 1.498e-09 / -1 Constant 3440 ± Mean ± 0.57 Sigma ± cm 2MeV 20MeV root pedestal pedestal MeV 20MeV ADC 62 ADC 15
17 4.3.2 TDC TDC(Time to Digital Converter) TDC 2 0.5µs TDC TDC 1 5ns 16
18 5 5.1 Muon life time 15 stert stop τ = 1.93 ± 0.09µs life time 2.2µs 3σ 17
19 gate ns VETO 18 gate ADC 18 elevetonasi elevetonasi Entries Mean RMS χ / ndf / 25 p ± p ± ( 2) 20MeV 57.8 ± 4.4[MeV ] 18
20 5.2.2 VETO VETO VETO TDC gate 5µ (gate ) 19 VETO 19 VETO VETO 20 VETO VETO 19
21 56.7 ± 4.2[MeV ] σ 4.2MeV VETO VETO VETO VETO 20
22 6 VETO 56.7 ± 4.2MeV 52.5MeV 1σ m µ = 4.2MeV VETO 7 VETO 1σ m µ = 4.2MeV 4 1m 1m 10cm GeV µ 10cm 10cm 1m 22 21
23 23 22 VETO 23 gate A B C D VETO PMT A B C D gate VETO VETO VETO 22
24 8 23
25 9 付録 9.1 カロリーメータの作成 シンチレータの間に隙間を作るため釣り糸を渦巻状に張った シンチレーション光を PMT の感度が良い光に変えるためのウェイブレングスシフター シンチレータを１０枚重ねその両サイドにウェイブレングスシフターをつける このとき光を伝えやすいよ うに接合面にグリスを塗った 24
26 外に光が出ないように周りを PET フィルムで覆った このとき接合面でグリスの層を薄くして光を通しや すくするためきつく巻いた ウェイブレングスシフターから PMT に光を導くライトガイド ライトガイドと PMT をグリスで接合し周りを PET フィルム 遮光シートで覆った 25
27 26
28 9.2 VETO の作成 VETO カウンター用いるシンチレータ VETO カウンターに用いるライトガイド シンチとライトガイドをグリスでつけ周りを PET フィルムで覆い PMT とライトガイドを接続した 全体を遮光シートで覆って完成 27
25 3 4
25 3 4 1 µ e + ν e +ν µ µ + e + +ν e + ν µ e e + TAC START STOP START veto START (2.04 ± 0.18)µs 1/2 STOP (2.09 ± 0.11)µs 1/8 G F /( c) 3 (1.21±0.09) 5 /GeV 2 (1.19±0.05) 5 /GeV 2 Weinberg θ W sin θ W
W 1983 W ± Z cm 10 cm 50 MeV TAC - ADC ADC [ (µs)] = [] (2.08 ± 0.36) 10 6 s 3 χ µ + µ 8 = (1.20 ± 0.1) 10 5 (Ge
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22 2 24 W 1983 W ± Z 0 3 10 cm 10 cm 50 MeV TAC - ADC 65000 18 ADC [ (µs)] = 0.0207[] 0.0151 (2.08 ± 0.36) 10 6 s 3 χ 2 2 1 20 µ + µ 8 = (1.20 ± 0.1) 10 5 (GeV) 2 G µ ( hc) 3 1 1 7 1.1.............................
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SPECT(Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography ) SPECT FWHM 3 4mm [] MPPC SPECT MPPC LSO 6mm 67.5 photo electron 78% kev γ 4.6 photo electron SPECT
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3 SPECT SJ SPECT(Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography ) SPECT FWHM 3 4mm [] MPPC SPECT MPPC LSO 6mm 67.5 photo electron 78% kev γ 4.6 photo electron SPECT 9ch MPPC array 3 3 9 3 3 9.mm(sigma) . SPECT..................................................................3............
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m(ẍ + γẋ + ω 0 x) = ee (2.118) e iωt P(ω) = χ(ω)e = ex = e2 E(ω) m ω0 2 ω2 iωγ (2.119) Z N ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 + Ne2 m j f j ω 2 j ω2 iωγ j (2.120)
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ω 0 m(ẍ + γẋ + ω0x) 2 = ee (2.118) e iωt x = e 1 m ω0 2 E(ω). (2.119) ω2 iωγ Z N P(ω) = χ(ω)e = exzn (2.120) ϵ = ϵ 0 (1 + χ) ϵ(ω) ϵ 0 = 1 +
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