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1 The Current Situation of Damage Caused by Wild Animals in Kenya Satoshi Kobayashi** The Republic of Kenya banned all hunting in 1977, which made ordinary farmers unable to kill wild animals even to protect their crops, livestock and properties. Instead, the Kenya government introduced a compensation system for damage. The author visited several Districts in Kenya to study the current situation of damage caused by wild animals in 1986 and Many wild animals caused damage in Narok and Machakos Districts. In Taita-Taveta, Kwale and Meru Districts much damage was caused by elephants. Farmers in Meru District claimed that elephants which have damaged their crops come from nearby National Parks and Reserves. The Kenya government, considering claims, has constructed electric fences partly around the Meru National Park. The invasion of elephants into farmlands, however, has still continued. Farmers have tried to chase elephants away by using torches and noise, but in vain. To protect wildlife, including elephants, we have to support farmers in their efforts to solve the conflict between them and wildlife.

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12 38 小 写 真1.メ 林 聡 史 ル ー 県 に お け る ゾ ウ に よ る 耕 作 地 の 破 壊 約1.6haの し た 主 と し て ト ウ モ ロ コ シ ソ ル ガ ム(も って 食 わ れ,あ 写 真2.農 ろ こ し)や 耕 作 地 が一 晩 に して 全 滅 オ レ ン ジな ど が ゾウ に よ る い は 踏 み 荒 さ れ て し ま っ た 手 前 に は ゾ ウ の 糞 が 見 え る 家 の 多 くは 畑 に 有 刺 鉄 線 を 張 り巡 らせ るな ど して い るが,ゾ れ て しま う 写 真 は破 壊 され た 有 刺 鉄 線 ウ に容 易 に破 壊 さ

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16 Anon, An upsurge in elephant poaching. Swara, 11(6): 6-7. Bomer, M. and Bomer, M., Serengeti Monitoring p In: Serengeti Wildlife Research Centre Annual Report Serengeti Wildlife Research Centre c% TANAPA, Tanzania. Croze, H. & D. M. Mbuvi,1981. Wildlife in the development of dry lands. In: (D. Campbell & S. E. MIgot-Adholla eds.) The Development of Kenya's Semi-Arid Lands, I.D.S. Occasional Paper, No. 36, University of Nairobi. Hirji, K. N., A survey of wildlife population in Tanzania and their potential for research. In:(P. A. Jewell and G. M. O. Maloiy eds.) The Biology of Large African Mammals in their Environment. Oxford University Press. Jaetzold, R. and Schmidt, H., Farm Management Handbook of Kenya-Natural Condition and Farm Management Information-Vol. 11/C East Kenya (Eastern and Coast Provinces). German Agricultural Team/Ministry of Agriculture, Kenya Government. Kenya Wildlife Fund Trustees & UNEP,1988. People, Parks and Wildlife-Guidelines for Public Participation in Wildlife Conservation, Case Studies in Kenya. UNEP. Moss, C., Portraits in the Wild-Animal Behaviour in East Africa. Elm Tree Books, London. Muchemi, G. M., A Study to Investigate the Interaction between Wildlife, Human Settlement and Agricultural Practices in Kenya. Kenya Government/World Bank Technology Transfer Programme (Mimeoscript).

17 Patterson, J. H The Man-eaters of Tsavo and Other East African Adventures. Macmillan Publishers Ltd. Sukumar, R., Ecology of the Asian elephant in southern India. II. Feeding habits and crop raiding patterns. J. of Tropical Ecology, 6: Sukumar, R. & M. Gadgil,1988. Male-Female Differences in Foraging on Crops by Asian Elephants. Animal Behaviour, 36(4), p

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