Core Ethics Vol. Ian Hacking Nancy Cartwright John Worral Steven French James Ladyman structual realism Waltz Waltz Waltz neo-realism structural-reali

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1 Core Ethics Vol. Kenneth Waltz Waltz Robert Keohane Alexander Wendt Waltz neo-realism Waltz Waltz positivism instrumentalism Bas Van Fraassen constructive empiricism DC

2 Core Ethics Vol. Ian Hacking Nancy Cartwright John Worral Steven French James Ladyman structual realism Waltz Waltz Waltz neo-realism structural-realism Waltz balance of power Waltz Waltz Waltz

3 Kenneth Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Newton

4 Core Ethics Vol. Waltz Waltz van Fraassen empirical adequacy Waltz Waltz Waltz George Berkeley idealism

5 Kenneth Waltz Waltz entity realism fact realism structural realism Waltz Cartwright Hacking Cartwright Hacking Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Worrall French Ladyman Waltz Waltz Waltz

6 Core Ethics Vol. Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz entity Waltz Waltz

7 Kenneth Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz Waltz

8 Core Ethics Vol. positivism Karl Popper Max Weber Wilhelm Dilthey Peter Winch Friedrich Hayek Tony Lawson Lawson, T. Roy Bhasker Bhaskar, R. a Bhaskar, R. b Waltz Waltz Wendt Wendt Wendt Social Theory of International Politics Waltz Theory of International Politics Wendt Waltz Chernoff, F.Wight, C. realism realism power balance realism realism Waltz Waltz van Fraassen van Fraassen, B. Cartwright, N.Hacking, I. John Worral Worral, J. epitemic structural realism Steven French James Ladyman French, S.and Ladyman, J.ontic structural realism Waltz, k. p. Waltz, k. p. Waltz, k. p.

9 Kenneth Waltz Waltz Charles Peirce Waltz, k. p. Waltz, k. p. Wendt, A.Chernoff, F. van Fraassen, B. p. Waltz, k. p. Waltz, k. p. Wendt, A.Chernoff, F. Waltz realism Waltz structural realism Waltz van Fraassen Waltz, K p. Waltz, K p. Bhaskar, R. a,a Realist Theory of Science, Harvester Press b,the Possibility of Naturalism : A Philosophical Critique of the Contemporary Human Science, Harvester Press Cartwright, N.,How the Laws of Physics Lie, Oxford University Press Chernoff, F., Scientific Realism as a Meta-Theory of International Politics International Studies Quarterly., pp.-- Duhem, P.,LaThérie Physique : Son Objet, sa Structure, Chevalier et Rivière Earman, J. ed,testing Scintific Theories, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol. x, University of Minnesota Press French, S.and Ladyman, J., Remodelling Structural Realism : Quantum Physics and the Metaphysics of Structure, Synthese, pp. -- Goodman, N.,Fact, Fiction and Forecast, Harvard University Press Hacking, I.,Representing and Inventing : Introductory Topics in the Philosophy of Natural Science, Cambridge University Press Keohane, R. ed,neorealism and its Critics, Columbia University Press. Lawson, T.,Economics and Reality, Routledge Putnam, H.,Reason, Truth and History, Cambridge University Press Reichenbach, H.,Axiomatik der Relativischen Raum-Zeit-Lehre, Vieweg & Sohn Ruggie, J., Continuity and Transformation in the World Polity: Toward a Neorealist Synthesis, World Politics Vol., No. pp. --. Smart, J. J. C.,Philosophy and Scientific Realism, Routledge and Kegan Paul van Fraassen, B.,Scientific Image, Oxford University Press. Waltz, k.,theory of International Politics, Addison-Wesley.

10 Core Ethics Vol. Wendt, A.,Social Theory of International Politics, Cambridge University Press.,Quantum Mind and Social Science, Cambridge University Press. Wight, C.,Agents, Structures and International Politics, Cambridge University Press. Worral, J., Structural Realism : The Best of both Worlds?,Dialectica, pp. -- Nagoya Journal of Philosophy pp. -- pp. -- pp. -- pp. --. pp. --. pp.-- pp. -- pp. --.

11 Kenneth Waltz Kenneth Waltz s Meta-theoretical Study and its Philosophical Critics TSUBAI Shinya Abstract: Kenneth Waltz is known as neo-realist in the international political studies. On the other hand, according to a commonly accepted view, his meta-theory has been understood as anti-realism on the philosophical standpoints of scientific theories. It is likely true that his meta-theoretical standpoint is anti-realistic in the sense that the role of theory is the instrument for prediction and explanation, and therefore is not the description of the essence or reality of the world, but that his meta-theory also has an aspect of scientific realism. Scientific realism has various standpoints. In the several realistic views in terms of philosophical stances about scientific theories, Kenneth Waltz s meta-theoretical thinking is very similar with structural realism. But famously, as is the case with inability to identify the context without any words, structural realism has a same pitfall in the sense that it is impossible to identify its structure without identifying any entities. Similarly, Waltz s meta-theory also has this problem with identifying structure, and therefore, his theory of international politics has no choice but to face with difficulty in theoretically rationalizing smuggling in nation-states as units of international relations. Keywords: positivism, scientific realism, theory of international politics, Kenneth Waltz Kenneth Waltz

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