I (Kates et al., 1990) Rigg (1995) (1997) (Srivardhana, 1993) Hirai et al.(1999) 1,182 km 2 Somboon and Paphavasit (1993), (1997), (1995, 1999, 2000) 4 10 km 3 81
14 2001 1 A: B: C: D: E: a: b: 1: 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: 7: Figure 1. Land-use around the Songkhla Lakes A: Rice field B: Urban area C: Fish/Shrimp ponds D: Irrigation project area E: No-hunting area a: Highways b: Interview sites 1: Ban Mai 2: Tha Bon 3: Thin 4: Hua Liao 5: Nok Pa 6: Tha Sao 7: Pak Bang 82
2 A: B: C: D: E: F: G: a: b: Figure 2. Land-use around the Sap Songkhla Lakes A: Built-up area (Songkhla City) B: New urban area C: Fish/Shrimp ponds D: Rice field E: Swamp forest/swampy area F: Pleistocene terrace G: Mountain/Hill a: Principal roads b: Railroads (on and out of service) (data): Topogrophical Map 1: 50,000 (1973, 1990), Spot Image (08 Mar 1999), (2000) II 10 14% 5 ITC ITC 9 10 11 ITC 12 2 3 4 4 83
14 2001 10 1 11 12 5 9 11 12 1970 1994 14% 8% 2/3 36% 12% (1999) 1990 14 1 2 7 8 18 19 20 1916 18 21 1991 1970 70 80 1986 408 80 (NESDB, 1985) 84
1975 457 km 2 1980 III McGee and Robinson (1995) (2000) 1950 94 8.2 16.7 2 25 km 4 43 407 408 13 km 4 1994 (1.8 km 2 ) 20 km 407 408 85
14 2001 1985 33.6 km 2 254.5 km 2 21.1 km 2 4.6 km 2 89 14.3 km 2 4.9 km 2 2.0 km 2 1.8 km 2 25.2 km 2 90 NESDB 30.5 12,100 /km 2 1 47m 2 90 26.6 22.5 km 2 IV Satoh (1999) 1993 3 1990 1993 4 84% 33% 83% 86
6% 4% 63%, 51% 10 408 340 3 7 50 8 (RID) 1967 15,520 ha 8,800 ha 3 1 (9,600 ha) 2 (4,800 ha) 3 (1,120 ha) 1 1 47 km 1979 2 3 t/ha 1 4 5 9 5 6 t/ha 4 6 2 3 3 10 1 7 1 2 2t/ha 2 4 t/ha 1 1 4 50 87
14 2001 V 10 12 1 4 1980 300 1 9 10 1 5 11 2 1 10 12 4 1990 4 1980 90 4.8 ha 90 87 8.8 ha 89 2.9 ha 87 89 7.4 t/ha, 90 6.5 t/ ha, 91 3.7 t/ha, 93 5.6 t/ha 1980 1990 788 93 824 95 1,073 97 1,222 90 88
370 3 5 2 1990 4 2 3 9 12 1.5 1998 VI NESDB (c. 1992) 2010 286,437 117,658 1980 NESDB 89
14 2001 21 13.2 1% 2050 55 2100 73 2100 100 100 2100 865,000 106 km 2 70 km 2 40 km 2 4 408 7 90
25 11 9 Dr. Charlchai Tanavud 1999. 50(2): 11 16. 2000. 36: 13 31. 1997. 45: 37 45. 1995. III 15(2): 1 16. 1999. III 19(2): 1 15. 2000. 7: 91
14 2001 1 14. 1991. Hirai, Y., T. Satoh and C. Tanavud 1999. Assessment of Impacts of Sea Level Rise on Coastal Lagoons. Regional Views, 12: 33 45. Kates, W. R., B. L. Turner II, and W. C. Clark 1990. The Great Transformation. In B. L. Turner II ed. The Earth as Transformed by Human Action: Global and Regional Changes in the Biosphere over the Past 300 Years. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. McGee, T. G. and I. M. Robinson eds. 1995. The mega-urban regions of Southeast Asia. Vancouver: UBC Press. NESDB 1985. Songkhla Lake Basin Planning Study Vol. 2 Annex A. Bangkok: NESDB. NESDB c. 1992. National urban development policy framework. Bangkok: NESDB. Rigg, J. 1995. Counting the Cost: Economic Growth and Environmental Change in Thaialnd. Singapore: Institue of Southeast Asian Studies. Satoh, T. 1997. Population Change and CO 2 Emission in Thailand. Regional Views. 10: 21 33. Satoh, T. 1999. Secondary Urban Centers in the Metropolitan Area of Bangkok. Regional Views. 12: 47 67. Somboon, J. R. P. and N. Paphavasit 1993. E#ect of Sea Level Rise on the Songkhla Lakes, Thailand. Malaysian Journal of Tropical Geography, 24(1/2): 13 20. Srivardhana, R. 1993. Methodology of Assessing the Economic Impact of Sea Level Rise with Reference to Ban Don Bay, Thailand. Malaysian Journal of Tropical Geography, 24(1/2): 35 40. 92