60 1 pp.3-8 2010 1. H1N1 1) 2) 3) 4) ERATO 2009 H1N1 21 H1N1 HA PB2 2009 3 Pandemic H1N1 2009 WHO 6 11 21 2009 11 2010 4 21 H1N1 H1N1 2009 4 15 CDC 108-8639 4-6-1 TEL: 03-5449-5281 FAX: 03-5449-5408 E-mail: horimoto@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp H1N1 1 3 Pandemic H1N1 2009 H1N1 2008 8 2009 1 2 H1N1
4 60 1 HA H5 H7 3 H1N1 HA H1 HA H1N1 H5N1 60 H1N1 H1N1 HA HA H1 190 225 H1N1 HA 190 225 H1N1 135 226 H5N1 4 H1N1 HA
pp.3-8 2010 5 Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 HA ( ) PB2 627 RNA 701 RNA NS1 C PB1-F2 PB2 RNA H1N1 PB2 PB2 PB2 627 PB2 627 H1N1 627 627 PB2 NP 5 627
6 60 1 H1N1 3 41 33 41 33 33 41 627 RNA 6
pp.3-8 2010 7 PB2 701 7 RNA H1N1 701 PB2 627 701 H1N1 PB2 590 591 8 HA PB2 PB1-F2 NS1 H1N1 H1N1 H1N1 9 BALB/c H1N1 H1N1 100 5 1 3 H1N1 H1N1 3 H1N1 H1N1 H1N1 H1N1 H1N1 H1N1 H1N1 H5N1 H1N1 H5N1 10 H1N1 1 Dawood FS, Jain S, Finelli L et al : Emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus in humans. N Engl J Med 360 : 2605-2615, 2009. 2 Smith GJ, Vijaykrishna D, Bahl J et al : Origins and evolutionary genomics of the 2009 swine-origin H1N1 ifnluenza A epidemic. Nature 459 : 1122-1125, 2009. 3 Horimoto T, and Kawaoka Y. Pandemic threat posed by avian influenza A viruses. Clin Microbiol Rev 14: 129-149, 2001. 4 Neumann G, Noda T, Kawaoka Y : Emergence and pandemic potential of swine-origin H1N1 influenza virus. Nature 459 : 931-939, 2009. 5 Remeix-Welti MA, Tomoiu A, Dos Santos Afonso E et al: Avian influenza A virus polymerase association with nucleoprotein, but not polymerase assembly, is impaired in human cells during the course of infection. J Virol 83:1320-1331, 2009. 6 Hatta M, Hatta Y, Kim JH et al : Growth of H5N1 influenza A viruses in the upper respiratory tracts of mice. PLoS Pathog 3 : 1374-1379, 2007. 7 Li Z, Chen H, Jiao P et al : Molecular basis of replication of duck H5N1 influenza viruses in a mammalian mouse model. J Virol 79 : 12058-12064, 2005. 8 Mehle A and Doudna JA : Adaptive strategies of the influenza virus polymerase for replication in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106 : 21312-21316, 2009. 9 Itoh Y, Shinya K, Kiso M et al : In vitro and in vivo characterization of new swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses. Nature 460 : 1021-1025, 2009. 10 Li C, Hatta M, Nidom CA et al : Reassortment between avian H5N1 and human H3N2 influenza viruses creates hybrid viruses with substantial virulence. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107 : 4687-4692, 2010.
8 60 1 pp.3-8 2010 Virological characteristics of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus Taisuke HORIMOTO 1,3), Shinya YAMADA 1), Yoshihiro KAWAOKA 1,2,4) 1) Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 2) International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Tokyo 3) Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo 4) ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project In the spring of 2009, a novel swine-origin H1N1 virus, whose antigenicity is quite different from those of seasonal human H1N1 strains, emerged in Mexico and readily transmitted and spread among humans, resulting in the first influenza pandemic in the 21st century. This novel H1N1 virus was shown to be a triple reassortant comprising genes derived from avian, human, and swine viruses. Here, we review our current knowledge of this pandemic influenza virus and discuss future aspects of the pandemic.