在仏日本人留学生における食の異文化適応 送り出し版異文化間食育への示唆 Japanese Students Cross-cultural Adjustment Related to Eating in France: Implications for Cross-cultural Eating and Health Education in Preparation for Studying Abroad Tomoko TANAKAGraduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Okayama University 要旨 Abstract Cross-cultural adjustments related to eating were investigated in nine Japanese international students in France. A questionnaire and interview survey was conducted. We explored the students changes and difficulties in eating, and their need for help. We found that they changed their eating patterns according to that of the host culture and tried to cook to a greater extent. Further, they faced limitations related to equipment and surroundings, and felt embarrassed about unfamiliar material, ways of cooking, and taste. However, they used food as a means of communication with their hosts, compatriots and others. They enjoyed acculturating to the local food. Findings revealed improvements in awareness regarding health consciousness and health behaviors, as well as unhealthy acculturation. Thus, studying abroad could be an opportunity to brush-up on self-management of health. It is desirable that students should be educated about basic knowledge and selfmanagement concerning food before leaving Japan. Since it is impossible to study abroad without knowledge about self-management of health, not only for domestic life, but also for life anywhere in the world, these concepts should be included while building concepts of global human resources. Key words: Japanese international students in France, cross-cultural eating education, health education, crosscultural adjustment, acculturation 1. はじめに 1.1 留学生の送り出しと食育
1.2 留学生と 食 の問題 Brittin & Obeidat, Liu, Chu, Frongillo & Probst, Muramatsu & Harmer, Benfante, 1.3 本研究のねらい 2. 方法 2.1 対象者と手続き A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I D, E, F, G, H, I D, F, G, H, I E
A, B, D, I C, E, F, G, H 2.3 面接 2.2 調査票 2.4 栄養チェック JICA
3. 結果 3.1 食生活とその変容の認識 3.1.1 留意点 3.1.2 困難 3.1.3 社交 A B C D E E G H I
3.1.4 変容 A B C D E F G H I 3.2 食パターンの変化 M, SD............................................ 3.3 栄養チェックへの反応 D F G H I 3.4 食環境の図解と説明
D F G H I 4. 考察 4.1 食 の異文化適応 H
F G Muramatsu Mellin- Olsen & Wandel G H 4.2 異文化間食育への示唆
Tanaka & Takahama, 4.3 今後の課題 謝辞 No.A 注 引用文献 Benfante R. Studies of cardiovascular disease and causespecific mortality trends in Japanese-American men living in Hawaii and risk factor comparisons with other Japanese populations in the Pacific region: a review. Human Biology, Dec, 64(6), -. Brittin, H.C. & Obeidat, B.A. Food practices, changes, preferences and acculturation of Arab students in US universities. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 35, -. 27, -. : 34, -. Liu, Ji-Hong, Chu, Y. H, Frongillo, E.A, and Probst, J. C. Generation and acculturation status are Associated with dietary intake and body weight in Mexican American adolescents. The Journal of Nutrition, 142, -. Mellin-Olsen, T. & Wandel, M. Changes in Food Habits among Pakistani Immigrant Women in Oslo. Ethnicity and Health, 10(4), -. Muramatsu, S. & Harmer, P. A. Lifestyle challenges for students on long-term study programs in the USA. 53-. 44-. 13, -. JASSO Tanaka, T and A. Takahama Recognition of eating gaps among international students in Japan: Implications for crosscultural eating education from a health psychological perspective. International Congress of Applied Psychology, Paris, France 49. N 14-.