e-learning キーワード : NetAcademy, on-line courseware, CALL, e-learning 0. はじめに 1990 Web CD-ROM e-learning 1999 NetAcademy e-learning DynEd Newton 2006 NetAcademy2 2005 2006 2006 NetAcademy NetAcademy2 11-4 545 567 2009.
546 NetAcademy2 2006 2008 1. e-learningと英語教育 1990 CAI (Computer Assisted/Aided Instruction) CALL (Computer Assisted Language Learning) CAI/CALL Chapelle (2001) CAI/CALL ICT (Information and Communication Technology) Reinking (1988) Chun Plass (1997) Kramarski Feldman (2000) Tzortzidou & Hassapis (2001) Brandl (2002) Lim Shen (2006) CAI/CALL ICT Chickeing & Gamson (1987) Milne (1996) Chapelle (2001) Susser (2002) effectiveness effect effectiveness effect e-learning NIME 51.1% e-learning 1 e-learning
e-learning 547 e-learning e-learning NetAcademy 2 2003 NetAcademy 0.8% 2003:184 e-learning 2006 2008 e-learning 2. ALC NetAcademy 2.1 NetAcademy2 NetAcademy 10 350 TOEIC PowerWords NetAcademy LAN 2006 NetAcademy2
548 NetAcademy2 SSC PowerWords Plus PWP 3 SSC PWP SSC SSCL 50 SSCR 50 100 250 SSCL SSCL SSCR PWP 12000 12000 SVL 12000: Standard Vocabulary List 50 4 NetAcademy2 Excel
e-learning 549 2.2 導入の経緯と問題点 1997 2007 e-learning 2005 2006 16 2006 e-learning 2004 11 16 e-learning 2006 19 2005 2003 25 2001 14 e-learning 2003 16 NetAcademy e-learning 2000 2005 2005 e-learning
550 2.3 導入の実態 2006 10 350 NetAcademy2 NetAcademy2 1500 CALL e-learning 2003 e-learning
e-learning 551 2006 C-test 5 3. 学習実態の分析 3.1 C-test 得点 C-test C-test C-test 2 2006 10 C-test 3 2007 NetAcademy2 10 SSCR PWP SSCR PWP 10 LMS Moodle Moodle 6 C-test NetAcademy2 SSC PWP
552 SSCR C-test SSCR C-test 2 C-test 3 2.5 55.0 61.3 6.3 7 2.5 57.6 64.7 7.1 7 7.5 57.6 59.7 2.1 9 7.5 64.3 74.4 10.1 8 PWP C-test PWP C-test 2 C-test 3 55.2 60.7 5.5 6 10 50.2 59.5 9.4 5 10 15 58.5 61.4 2.8 11 15 20 71.5 78.0 6.5 4 20 61.6 73.0 11.4 5 C-test C-test 2 C-test 3 SSCR 7.5 8 PWP 20 5 C-test C-test 2 C-test C-test 2 C-test 3 % t t (56) = -3.78 p =.0007 NetAcademy2 NetAcademy2
e-learning 553 3.2 学習時間 2006 NetAcademy2 NetAcademy2 2006 PWP SSC L+R PWP+SSC L+R 32:36:24 14:47:23 47:23:47 10 23:42:45 10 11:26:02 35:08:47 30 16:14:13 30 8:46:49 25:01:02 100 7:46:12 129 3:51:09 11:37:21 182 4:16:09 182 2:43:50 6:59:59 PWP SSC L+R PWP+SSC L+R 32:36:24 14:47:23 47:23:47 10 13:55:00 10 10:20:44 24:15:44 30 7:09:17 30 6:32:18 13:41:35 42 5:11:52 65 3:42:58 8:54:50 112 1:56:57 112 2:09:24 4:06:21
554 PWP SSC L+R PWP+SSC L+R 29:29:15 10:57:16 40:26:31 10 20:58:54 10 9:13:24 30:12:19 30 14:17:54 30 6:27:20 20:45:14 39 11:43:45 41 5:00:59 16:44:44 45 10:09:55 45 4:34:13 14:44:09 CALL CALL PWP SSC L+R PWP+SSC L+R 14:46:55 7:16:38 22:03:33 10 8:15:59 10 3:54:33 12:10:32 30 not available 30 not available not available 19 5:19:42 23 2:09:50 7:29:31 25 4:02:58 25 1:59:26 6:02:25 CALL CALL NetAcademy2 NetAcademy2 3.3 教室環境および指導法 NetAcademy2 10 15 NetAcademy2 PWP SSC
e-learning 555 A B C 98% 84% 21% 90% 73% 12% 66% 29% 0% 10 34% 15% 0% 20 9% 17% 0% 9:08:38 10:10:35 0:16:17 A 82 B 92 C 121 A B e-learning C e-learning 3.4
556 A B D C 98% 84% 58% 21% 90% 73% 46% 12% 66% 29% 24% 0% 10 34% 15% 15% 0% 20 9% 17% 5% 0% 9:08:38 10:10:35 4:13:23 0:16:17 A 82 B 92 D 112 C 121 e-learning D e-learning D NetAcademy2 3.4 学習開始の時期 e-learning e-learning NetAcademy2
e-learning 557 D G H 58% 76% 91% 46% 59% 84% 24% 30% 76% 10 15% 11% 29% 20 5% 3% 32% 4:13:23 4:07:13 15:09:21 D 112 G 37 H 45 4. アンケート分析 2006 2008 257 NetAcademy2 31% 69% e-learning 75% 25% 11%
558 7% TOEIC 6% 3% 63 51% SSCL 52% 48% SSCR 64% 36% SSCL 68% 32% SSCR 52% 48% 7% SSCR NetAcademy2 PWP 73% 28% 39% 61% 52% 48% 44% 56% NetAcademy2 64% 36%
e-learning 559 NetAcademy2 40% 60% 17% 16% 9% 5% 7% 11% e-learning e-learning 5. 利用実績 2006 NetAcademy2 TOEIC TOEIC 2007 TOEIC NetAcademy2 2 18 30
560 NetAcademy 2006 7 338 266 225 236 167 105 162 69 1575 2007 15 136 241 379 198 221 105 46 89 1430 2007 7 92 154 163 119 148 59 27 73 842 2008 6 93 154 188 149 163 125 35 59 8 7 987 9 165 204 239 176 175 99 68 73 2 2 1209 50 682 805 805 805 730 375 250 365 240 150 5257 18% 24% 25% 30% 22% 24% 26% 27% 20% 3% 5% 23% NetAcademy 2006 NetAcademy2 7 2006 0 32 16 14 20 8 7 39 8 144 2007 0 5 12 24 9 12 4 7 6 79 2007 2 10 21 14 16 20 4 2 9 98 2008 0 10 10 17 11 11 23 0 3 1 0 86 1 14 15 17 14 13 10 12 7 1 0 102 50 682 805 805 805 730 375 250 365 240 150 5257 1% 2% 2% 2% 2% 2% 3% 5% 2% 0% 0% 2% 800 1000 PWP SSCR SSCL
e-learning 561 2006 2007 2007 2008 PWP 491 432 347 452 SSCL 546 416 217 254 SSCR 538 582 278 281 Total 1575 1430 842 987 3.4 1 2 3 4 PWP 384 797 430 111 SSCL 281 652 400 100 SSCR 380 701 485 113 Total 1045 2150 1315 324 1 2 3 4 PWP 182 433 222 59 SSCL 109 396 173 40 SSCR 129 258 155 41 Total 420 1087 550 140 PWP SSCL
562 6. まとめにかえて 2006 NetAcademy2 e-learning NetAcademy2 NetAcademy2 1000
e-learning 563 e-learning e-learning 8 e-learning e-learning 18 e-learning 1 http://www.nime.ac.jp/reports/001/main/part-2-5.pdf 2 2008 350 http://www.alc-education.co.jp/academic/net/actual.html
564 3 NetAcademy2 URL http://www.alc-education.co.jp/academic/index.html 4 SVL http://www.alc.co.jp/goi/svl_ichiran1.htm 5 C-test JACET C-test C-test No. 1 C-test Cronbach s α 0.84 0.86 Yoshimura 1999 URL http:// muse.doshisha.ac.jp/ pub/netac/survey/2007_netac_survey_s.doc 6 Moodle (Modular object-oriented dynamic learning environment) LMS (Learning Management System) CMS (Course Management System) URL http://docs.moodle.org/en/about_moodle 2006 7 % 2003 0.8% 8 2006 NetAcademy URL http:// muse.doshisha.ac.jp/ pub/netac/survey/ 2007_netac_survey_t.doc Brandl, K. (2002). Integrating Internet-Based Reading Materials into the Foreign Language Curriculum: From Teacher to Student-Centered Approaches. Language Learning & Technology, 6, 3, 87-107. Chapelle, C. A. (2001). Computer Application in Second Language Acquisition: Foundations for Teaching, Testing and Research, Cambridge University Press. Chickering, A. W., & Gamson, Z. F. (1987). Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education. 39, 3-7. Chun, D. & Plass, J. L. (1997). Research on Text Comprehension in Multimedia Environments. Language Learning & Technology, 1. 1, 60-81. Horii, Y. (2003). Toward the Possibility of Reliable CALL Software. Studies in Language and Culture, Osaka University, 29, 33-53.
e-learning 565 Kramarski, B. & Feldman, Y. (2000). Internet in the Classroom: Effects on Reading Comprehension, Motivation and Metacognitive Awareness. Education Media International, 37, 3, 149-155. Lim, K-M & Shen, H.Z. (2006). Integration of Computers into an EFL Reading Classroom. ReCALL, 18, 2, 212-219. Matsubara, K. (2002). Incorporating CALL into English Language Program. Journal of Aomori Public College, 7, 44-52. Milne, J. (1996). How to Access a CAL Package. InterActive, 14, 3, 48-56. Orimoto, S. (2003). Preliminary Trials Using ALC NetAcademy English Learning Software. Ehime Journal of English Education Research, 2, 59-74. Reinking, D. (1998). Computer-Mediated Text and Comprehension Differences: The Roles of Reading Time, Reader Preference, and Estimation of Learning. Reading Research Quarterly, 23, 4, 484-498. Susser, B. (2001). A Defense of Checklists for Courseware Evaluation. ReCALL, 13, 2, 261-276. Susser, B. (2002). Effectiveness and Evaluation in CAI. LET Kansai Chapter Collected Papers, 9, 1-12. Tzortzidou, S. & Hassapis, G. (2001). Assessment of the Reading Skill Improvement in the Computer-Assisted Teaching of a Foreign Language. Education and Information Technologies, 6, 3, 177-191. Shimatani, H. & Sockwell, G. ((2003). An Evaluation of a Self-Study CALL Environment: Language Development and Learner Attitudes. Language Education & Technology, 40, 1-14. Yoshimura, T. (1999). Reliability of the C-Test. Teaching Writing in Colleges and Universities: Practical Reports (3), Writing Research Group, JACET Kansai Chapter. 73-80.,, (2006). Moodle e., (2004). CAI, 18, 65-76.,, (2005). CALL PowerWords., 12, 39-71., (1997).,, 97, 1-8. (2007)., GTEC 2006, Benesse. (2007). e ICT
566 2007., (2003). 14 15,,, 76, 175-185.,, (2003). CALL, Language Education & Technology, 40, 211-230. On-Line Courseware: Assessing Its Usability Haruo NISHINOH Keywords: NetAcademy, on-line courseware, CALL, e-learning As network connections become faster and computers become better able to handle multi-media materials, network-based environments have started to provide platforms for language learning courseware. Networkbased learning with computers is called e-learning. NetAcademy is one such on-line courseware which has been developed by ALC Educational Publishing. At Doshisha University NetAcademy2, a renewed version of NetAcademy, was implemented in the fall of 2006. Since then it has been used as part of the class work and/or self-access learning service. Although NetAcademy has been purchased by more than 350 tertiary educational institutions across this country, only a few review articles have been published on the use and usability of the courseware. Based on the author s own class records from the fall 2006 semester through the spring 2008 semester, this paper attempts to clarify how this courseware has
e-learning 567 been implemented and administered, how it is actually used by students, and how students access and use the courseware in different instructional environments. It also depicts typical user profiles through the extensive survey results, while analyzing the score data produced by the learners. In addition to this, based on the access data of all the users provided by the office of Institute for Language and Culture, this paper also examines how the courseware has been used by the entire body of students since its first implementation. The paper concludes that, despite its potentiality, the e-learning environment has not been sufficiently used, and suggests some points for improvement in its administration, additional implementation, and integration into the curriculum.