(CO2) IPCC 17 10 WG 2015 18 866
1,000m 2650 t-co2 1,0001,500m 1948 t-co2 867
1,400m 52130 t-co2 9501,400m 1127.5 t-co2 1.2-1 1.2-2 1.2-1 868
1.2-2 1.3-1 1,9005,200 t-co2 100 t-co2/ 20 1.3-1 869
() NEDO 18 CO2 71 t-co2/ 4.7MPa 60md 38.2m CO2 0.041cP CO2 0.681g/cm3 II Injectivity Index II=710,000/4.7/365=414 t-co2//mpa () II 3 4 q k jh II = = P e w P r cµ ln 0.75 rw kj h CO2 2 CO2 CO2 20% 3,300m ERD 1.09MPa 100md 50m 870
CO2 0.055cP CO2 0.686g/cm 3 27 t-co2// 4,000m ERD 1.48MPa 30md 122m CO2 0.061cP CO2 0.733g/cm 3 26 t-co2// 1 1 5,500m ERD 3.06MPa 100md 50m CO2 0.051cP CO2 0.637g/cm 3 76 t-co2// 2 2 7,200m ERD 2.67MPa 100md 50m CO2 0.050cP CO2 0.625g/cm 3 66 t-co2// 100 t-co2/ 1.3-2 100 t-co2/ 1.3-2 100 t-co2/ t-co2// 1 2 50 50 25 25 2 2 4 4 871
100 t-co2 4 200 t-co2/ 1.3-11.3-3 10 t/ 100 t/ 1.3-1 872
1.3-2 873
1.3-3 874
1.3-3 3.5 4 1.3-4 1.3-3 (MPa) 3.5 4 1 16.7 12.6 2 11.4 9.0 8.1 10.8 9.9 2 5 1.3-4 4 25 t-co2/ 875
16 2) 1.3-5 1.3-6 1,100 t-co2 CO2 3) 100 t-co2 10 1,000 t-co2 1.3-7 5 3) 0.10 0.25 2.5.3-41,000 t-co2 40%1/2.5 0.5 20% 5 1.3-4 t 0.10 1,100 0.25 2,750 0.5? 5,500? 1EfAhSgBgCO2EfAh(1Sg)RsCO2 Ef 0.5AhSg CO2 0.2BgCO2CO2 RsCO2CO2 2SfAhSg/BgCO2 Sf 0.5AhSg 0.5 BgCO2CO2 0.003CO2 0.001976t/m 3 876
0.1 10 1,000 t-co2 180ksc=17.7MPa 75 1,200mSSLsub-sea level 70m Ct = 8.6 10 psi (= Cf + Sw Cw + Sg CCO2) Cf () = 8.6 10 psi Cw () = 3 10 psi CCO2 () = 3.7 10 psi Sw () = 0.8 Sg () = 0.2 24 CO2 21md CO2-1 65md 877
1.3-5 21md 32md 100 t-co2 PI q PI ( stb / d / psi) = P qstb kh = r e 141.2 B µ ln 0. 75 + s rw PPs Pwfpsi B cp, kmd hft reft, rwft s IICO2t-CO2/dksc k eff _ CO2 = II CO2 ρ CO2 r 141.2 µ CO 2 ln r h IICO2CO2 t-co2/dksc CO2CO2 g/cc e w 0.75 + s 23 t-co2/dksc 2.9 1.3-5 878
1.3-5 (md) CO2 (md) 2 t-co2/dksc 3 t-co2/dksc CO2-1 6.7 Min. 2.2 Max. 3.3 Max. 65.0 Min. 21.4 Max. 32.1 0.7psi/ft=1.6ksc/m 190kscg=18.6MPaG 190kscg 16 98kscg(=9.6MPaG) 1,200m 180kscg 116kscg(=11.4MPaG) 500m1,000m1,5002,000m 10 1.3-8 500m 67 t-co21,000m 92 t-co21,500m 110 t-co22,000m 128 t-co2 10 1.3-9 1,200m 10 1,000 t-co2 100 t-co2 1,200m 600m 2 0 1.3-8 37 t-co2 3 100 t-co2 1.3.4(2) 879
SPmV ILDm DTsft 1,060m 1,450m 50m 0 1.3-5 (-16) 880
N S W E 1.3-6 1.3-7 1,000 CO2 1.3-7 CO2 881
1,000 1,200m 10 1.3-8 1.3-9 882
10 1,000 t-co2/ 10 100 t-co2/ 100 t-co2/ / 2530% 100400 t-co2/co2 50100 t-co2/ 1040 t-co2/ 100 t-co2/ 9.4m 50 40 160 80 80 100 t-co2/ 883
7MPa 600A 300 t-co2/ 10 t-co2/ 100 t-co2/ 250 55 t/lng 12 t/ 100 t-co2/ 500km 1.1 t/ 1) () 18 CO2 2) 16 17 3 3) ()CO2 5 6 1 884
237 t-co22001 IEA CO2 82 t-co2 SRCCS 35% 15 12 5,900 t-co2 17 4 t-co2 31.8% 60%(2004 ) 16 3.64 t-co2 0.01 t-co2 0.436kg- CO2/kWh 0.421kg- CO2/kWh HP 2005 43% 44% 37% 33%2002 NPO 1,000 t2003 99.9% 885
Flue Gas Outlet CO 2 Purity : 99.9 % ABSORBER STRIPPER C.W. Flue Gas Cooler Flue Gas C.W. C.W. Reboiler Steam CO2 CO2 Vol.26No.6(2005) 1.3-10 MEA 1970 80 Kerr-McGee CO2 Recovery Process Dow Chemical Gas/Spec FT-1 ABB/Lummus Crest Flour Daniel Gas/Spec FT-1 Econamine FG KEPCO/MHI 3 2 1.3-6 886
1.3-6 CO2 CO2 Vol.26No.6(2005) ABB Lummus Crest 15-20 MEA 2 800t/dEconamine 30%MEA 1 320t/d KEPCO/MHI 2 MEA MEA 1.3-7 11 10 J RITE 887
1.3-7 KEPCO/MHI CO2 160t 1999 283t 2005 10t 2006 450t 2 2007 CO2 CO2 Vol.26No.6(2005) LNG SOx LNG NOx 34% 1214 45 KS-1 90% KS-1 KS-1 1 90% KS-1 888
120 45 5% KS-1 KS-1 SOx EP 100 1,2 3,4 2/3 1/3 100 t-co2 10 t-co2 889
1.3.2(1) 100 t-co2 10 t-co2 1.3-8 100 / 10 / Nm 3 /h 578,000 57,800 47 H2O vol%(wet) 10.8 N2 vol%(wet) 72.0 O2 vol%(wet) 4.8 CO2 vol%(wet) 12.4 SO2 ppm 45 NOx ppm(o2=6%,wet) 45 g/nm 3 (O2=6%) 0.009 / 3,040 304 890
1.3-9 100 / 10 / Nm 3 /h 1,067,000 106,700 104 H2O vol%(wet) 15.4 N2 vol%(wet) 73.0 O2 vol%(wet) 3.2 CO2 vol%(wet) 8.4 SO2 ppm 0 NOx ppm(o2=5%,dry) 19.0 g/nm 3 (O2=6%) 0 / 3,802 380 1.3-10 100 / 10 / Nm 3 /h 2,498,000 249,800 100 H2O vol%(wet) 7.0 N2 vol%(wet) 76.2 O2 vol%(wet) 13.0 CO2 vol%(wet) 3.8 SO2 ppm 0 NOx ppm(o2=16%,dry) 9.5 g/nm 3 (O2=6%) 0 / 3,802 380 2010 2013 16 891
90.25% (7,900 ) 263 (6,300 ) 90.25% 1.3-11 CO2 LNG LNG 100 3,040 / 10 304 / 100 3,802 / 10 380 / 100 3,802 / 10 380 / 1.1MPa 260 312t/h8,000 1.2 100 t204t/h 6,200 10 t20.4t/h 1,560 LNG 100 t 264t/h 7,240 10 t26.4t/h 1,820 LNG 100 t 276t/h 7,430 10 t25.2t/h 1,770 892
13% 23t/h 7,000 /t 13t/h(5%) 100 /t 0.78kg/h(3kg/1000t-steam) 700 /kg 0.63t/h(Ca/S=2mol/mol) 8,000 /t 10,000 /t SOx 140 /Nm 3 85% 1.3-12 100 10 LNG 100 LNG 10 LNG 100 LNG 10 893
1.3-13 1.3-13 100 t 1.3-11 1.3-12 894
1.3-11 100 t 895
1.3-12 100 t 896
1.3-14 10% 3% 1.3-14 897
/ 20 8 / 5 / 3 10 1.3-13 1.3-14 1.3-13 1.3-14 898
30 1 1.3-15 1.3-15 15 1.8 1.3-16 1.3-15 2 1.3-16 899
1.3-15 CO2 900
1990 2010 9 10 1.3-17 15 100 1.3-17 1.3-18 70 80 90 2000 CCCAPL TRTCDQ 9001 4000 8.8 1.3-18 901
1.3.2.(1) 1.3-19 BFG HSG 1.3-19 C 40 1.3-15 2,902m 3 4,000 m 3 1 / 97 BFG BFG 100 HSG BFG 2030 23 1.3-14 902
BFG HSG 1.3-16 BFG 1.3-16 BFG = Blast Furnace Gas 35 HSG = Hot Stove Gas 18 CO2 (DRY BASE) 22 25 SOx,NOx CO2 97 100% 100 97 100 BFG 1.3-20 BFG 1.3-20 BFG 903
90vol 99.9% BFG DEA N CO2 1.3-21 C BFG BFG CO2 (SectionA) 1.3-22 C 904
CO2 CO2 Case 1 CO2 62,000Nm 3 /h1,000,000t/ Case 2 CO2 6,200Nm 3 /h100,000t/ BFG 1 2 Nm 3 /h CO 2 vol% (dry) 22 22 CO vol% (dry) 22 22 N 2 vol% (dry) 56 56 H 2 vol% (dry) 3 3 O 2 vol% (dry) 0 0 H 2O vol% 3050 3050 kpag 5.5 5.5 1 2 Nm3/h 62,000 6,200 CO 2 vol% (dry) 99.9 99.9 H 2O vol% 40 40 MPaG 905
AC22,000V50Hz3 AC3,000V50Hz3 AC100V50Hz 0.147MPaG 3040 0.1MPaG 5.529.0 0.3MPaG 0.49MPaG -80 0.7MPaG 1.3-20 906
1.3-17 1.3-17 CO2 CO2 CO2 907
1.3-23 1.3-23 100 t- CO2/ 8,300m 2 C Estimated Utility Consumption Chemical Requirement 1.3-18 CO2 CO2 BFG 100 1 / CO2 BFG 908
1.3-24 COG 1.3-24 200 RITE 16 909
CO2 1.3-19 1.3-18 1.3-18 CO2 910
1.3-19 CO2 100 t-co2/ 10 t-co2/ CO2 vol% 20.4 20.4 N2 vol% 49.2 49.2 O2 vol% 0.0 0.0 H2 vol% 2.8 2.8 CO vol% 20.4 20.4 CH4 vol% 0.0 0.0 H2O vol% 7.2 7.2 SOx ppm 0.0 0.0 NOx ppm 0.0 0.0 ( /t-co2 260 260 CO2 mg/nm 3 5.0 5.0 3050 3050 bar abs 1.07 1.07 Nm 3 /h 336000 33600 CO2 t/h 135 13 dry% 99.9 99.9 40 40 bar abs 1.99 1.99 CO2 t/hr 118 12 CO2 % 90 90 % 97.0 97.0 hr/year 8497 8497 CO2 1000 100 2,200 500 9,800 2,200 12,000 2,700 (1.1 MPa abs t/hr 277 27.7 kwhr/hr 3,510 351 ( t/hr 12,000 1,200 t/hr 125 13 t/hr 0 0 Nm 3 /h 15 1.5 Nm 3 /year 0 0 DEA DEA t/year 150 15 NaOH100% t/year 0 0 Ca(OH)2100% t/year 0 0 t/year 350 35 t/year 640 64 10%) /t-co2 1,200 2,700 3%) /t-co2 360 810 /t-co2 3,080 5,130 /t-co2 300 300 /t-co2 130 130 /t-co2 610 610 /t-co2 0 0 /t-co2 110 110 NaOH,Ca(OH)2 /t-co2 0 0 /t-co2 0.59 5.9 /t-co2 0 0 /t-co2 4490 6540 /t-co2 6,050 10,050 (1.1 MPa abs) kj/kg-co2 4,700 4,700 kj/kg-co2 270 270 kj/kg-co2 4,970 4,970 911
1) IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage, Oct. 10, 2005 2) 2030 17 3 3) CO2 CO2 Vol.26No.6(2005) 4)2005 8 17 10 5) 15 3 PEC-2002P-04 6) 6 2 7) NTS 8) 17 1 13 WG 9) Anrnd B. Rao et al, AN INTEGRATED MODELING FRAMEWORK FOR CARBON MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES, Report to U.S. Department of Energy, March 2004 10) Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan (34)2004 4 912
(IEA)World Energy Outlook 2002 2000 7,500 / 418 /2010 8,880 /2020 1 400 /2030 1 2,000 / 2030 38% 1973 1979 28,860 kl27,714 kl 77.4%71.5% 2003 24,485 kl 50.0%21 1973 4,486 / 15 4,072 / 2005 17 11 18 2003 4,385 23,703 kl 4,072 / 365 0.185 t- CO2/kL 15 19 32 15 4,906 / 83% 1.3-20 +2.2% 913
1.3-20 914
10ppm 17 PM NOxSOx 9 / 2010 1990 10% 9% 140 kl 16 1990 13.6% 136% 1990 7.3% 81% 1990 106 kl 76% / 4) 1.3-21 16 8.80 1990 13.6% 22.9 1990 12.3% 915
1.3-21 17 3 2030 2021 2000 4.6%2030 2000 2.9% 40% 2030 2003 4,385 (IGCC) 916
(FCV)PEFC (SOFC) 19 (FCV) PEFC FCV 2020 500 37.561.5 m 3 47 m 3 44% 5) 229 t-co2 300 t-co2 2020 500 t-co2 600 t-co2 100 t-co2 300 t-co2 7% LPG 6) PSA (K2CO3 solution: Benfield process)mea, DEA, amdea, Ucarsol process0.1% CO CO2CO CH4 H2 97% PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption)CO2,CO,CH4,H2O 99.9%0.8bar 10-20% 917
1.3-25 99% PSA PSA 3bar SOx,NOx,H2S,NH3,O2 1.3-22 918
1.3-22 CO2 30,218,000Nm 3 /d 347 100% 104.8 Nm 3 919
15 131.6 Nm 3 5 50ppm 84.6 Nm 3 47.0 Nm 3 44.8% PSA H2 0.6026 kg-co2/nm 3 -H2 PSA 0.6945 kg-co2/nm 3 -H2 1.3-22 44.5% 44.8% 347 2,962,400 t-co2 4) 15 229 t-co2 18 t-co2 D 90% 34 t-co2 D D 1,792,000 Nm 3 /d H2 PSA CO2 100% 320 90%85%95% 25,000 Nm 3 /h 34 t-co2 38 t-co2 44.5% 90% 920
PSA PSA PSA PSA [kg/cm 2 G] 1617 0.3 [] 33 33 [dry-nm 3 /h] H2 90,000 (75.3%) 15,000 (33.4%) CO 1,500 (1.3%) 1,500 (3.4%) CO2 25,000 (20.9%) 25,000 (56.4%) CH4 3,000 (2.5%) 2,800 (6.3%) 119,500 44,300 PSA PSA PSA PSA A B SDM PSA H2 PSA PSA PSA 921
PSA 3.3kg/cm 2 G 0.2kg/cm 2 G PSA 8,000Am 3 /h 160,000Am 3 /h 20 MEADEADGA ADIP, Sulfinol * Shell amdeabasf UcarsolDOW/UOP BenfieldUOP SelexolDOW/UOP RectisolLurgi/Linde *Sulfinol BASF amdea amdea H2 CO 34 t-co2 10 t-co2 34 t-co2 1.3-26 1.3-27 922
1.3-26 34 t-co2/ 923
1.3-27 34 t-co2/ 924
17 ContingencyAllowance 10% 3% 1.3-23 925
1.3-24 926
CaCO3 CaO + CO2 15 59% 1.3-28 1.3-28 15 () 2005 17 11 18 15 2,186 t-co2 5,445 t-co2 1.3-25 927
1.3-25 8) 3 800900 1 23 1,450 1.3-25 15 25,27310 7 MJ 70% RITE 1.3-26 1t 21vol%(wet) 2,200Nm 3 320 170 t-co2 700 t-co2 928
5,943 t-co2 5,445 t-co2 10% 10% 1.3-26 (RITE ) 929
1.3-25 1990 2003 2010 1990 93,104 t 2003 73,508 t 2010 90,500 t 2003 23% 2010 2003 23% 1.3-29 1.3-29 2000 100 () 2010 1990 3% 1.3-25 1990 3,586 MJ/t- 2003 3,438 MJ/t-2010 3,451 MJ/t- 930
2003 11.499 MJ/kWh 2000 9.000 MJ/kWh 1.3-27 4 2 3% 1.3-27 2001 2003 8 931
100 t-co2 1.3-30 1.3-30 MEA EOREnhanced Oil RecoveryMEA Fluor Econamine ABB Lummus Crest MEA Econamine MEA Econamine 11 16 9 60t/d 932
1.3-26 1 100 t-co2/ E E 1.3-31 1.3-31 E E 1.3-28 933
1.3-28 [kg/cm 2 G] -0.1 kpag [] 90 [Nm 3 /h] 720,000 CO2 18 vol% O2 SOx NOx 9 vol% 130 ppm 250 ppm 0.02 g/nm 3 15 vol% 195 t-co2 100 t-co2 10 t-co2 SOxHSAS: Heat Stable Amine Salt Econamine SOx 10ppm SOx 130ppm 10ppm Econamine E 100 t-co2/ 10 t-co2/ 2 934
100 t-co2 10 t-co2 100 t-co2 10 t-co2 100 t-co2 1.3-32 1.3-33 1.3-32 100 t-co2/ 935
1.3-33 100 t-co2/ 936
E 1 195 t 100 t 1 1 17 ContingencyAllowance 10% 3% 937
1.3-29 938
1.3-30 939
16 1.3-34 1.3-34 2004 15 1.3-35 940
1.3-35 2004 LCALife Cycle Assessment 1.3-36 941
1.3-36 LCA CO2 kg-co2/t 1,000-1,200 100-900{350-1,0001,300-1,900} 2 60% 40% 1.3-31 1.3-31 CO2 [ t-co2/] ( 15 ) CO2 CO2 CO2 8,315 (58.4%) 5,926 (41.6%) 14,241 6,419 (55.1%) 5,239 (44.9%) 11,658 942
1.3-32 30,457 t 15 26,430 t 15 868 kg- CO2/t- 1.3-36 LCA ±50% 943
1.3-32 CO2 (1/3) 944
1.3-32 CO2 (2/3) 945
1.3-32 CO2 (3/3) 946
3 1.3-37 negative emissionipcc 1.3-37 1.3-35 3050% 5070% RPF 947
1 1 1.3-33 16 1.3-33 H2O 22 % 11.7 % N2 63 % 71.2 % O2 2 % 4.5 % CO2 13 % 12.6 % SOx 5 ppm(dry) 42 ppm(dry) NOx 50120 ppm(dry) 20 mg/m 3 (dry) 50 ppm(dry) - RITE 16 ENAA 17% 15%SOx Fluor Econamine SOx 10ppm MEA Econamine 948
F CO2 41 t-co2/ I CO2 121 t-co2/ 100 t-co2/ 16 30,891 t 1985 1.5 1990 1.1 30,000 t 1.3-34 16 60% 949
1.3-38 1.3.2(4) Econamine Fluor MEA Econamine Econamine 1.3.2(4) 1.3-33 SOx 5ppm(dry)Econamine 10ppm 950
100 t-co2/ 1.3-35 1.3-35 [kg/cm 2 G] 0.1 kpag [] 60 [Nm 3 /h] 500,000 CO2 13 vol% O2 SOx NOx 2 vol% 5 ppm 50120 ppm 0.02 g/nm 3 22 vol% 2,400t/d 100 t-co2/ 10 t-co2/ 2 100 t-co2 10 t-co2 951
100 t-co2 10 t-co2 100 t-co2 1.3-39 1.3-40 1.3-39 100 t-co2 952
1.3-40 100 t-co2 953
17 ContingencyAllowance 10% 3% 954
1.3-36 955
1.3-37 956
1.3.1(3) 7MPa 1.3-38 1.3-411.3-42 1.3-38 957
1.3-41 958
1.3-42 959
1970 (Canyon Reef Carriers) 2,500km EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) 5,000 t 1.3-40 1.3-39 t/ km Cortez 19.3 808 30 1984 Sheep Mountain 9.5 660 24 Bravo 7.3 350 20 1984 Canyon Reef Carriers 5.2 225 1972 Val Verde 2.5 130 1998 Bati Raman 1.1 90 1983 Weyburn 5.0 328 14/12 2000 IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (2005) 100 t/ 49 MPa 7MPa RITE 55 / 12 / 100 t-co2/(500km 1.1 t ) -507ata 960
80 t-co2/ 10t/ 100 t-co2/ 250 36 36 36 36 200m 107 36 JR 327 JR JR 36 36 360m JR 36 JR 961
36 JR 86 36 JR 781 259 C D A H F G A 1.3-43 962
B 7 7 17 B PLADPipeline Arch Drill Method PLAD 963
1.3-44 1.3-45 1.3-45 964
1.3.3(1) 7MPa 10MPa 1.3-46 2 1.3-46 710 MPa 30 1.3-471.3-48 965
1.3-47 Sleipner Society of Petroleum Engineers report SPE96742 1.3-48 Sleipner Society of Petroleum Engineers report SPE96742 1 100 t-co2/ 10m 15m 966
MP1.2m 1.3-49 1.3-401.3-41 10 t-co2/ 100 t-co2/ 967
1.3-40 968
1.3-41 969
3 D D D 1.3-1 2km 5km D 5km 5km Bin Size 25 25m 3,000m 970
1.3-42 1.3-42 VSP X X SEMCEC 3 6 24 300m 3 24 4 2 20m 3 OBC 1.3-44 971
3 1.3-50 1.3-51 Drilling Chart 1,200m 3,300m 4,295m ERD 76 ERD S 972
Directional Drilling Plan Two Build-Up or "S" plofile Well Name: Tomakomai-Oki CO2 1200x3300 Engineer: 060222 Kick Off Point 300.00 m VD @End of 1st BU 641.97 m 1st Build Up Rate 5.00 deg/30m Dpt @End of 1st BU 308.64 m 2nd Build Up Rate -2.50 deg/30m DD @End of 1st BU 804.80 m Total Vertical Depth @End of 2nd BU 1,050.00 m VD @End of 1st Tangent 892.74 m Total Departure @End of 2nd BU 3,121.00 m Dpt @End of 1st Tangent 2,749.32 m Final Inclination @End of 2nd BU 50.00 deg DD @End of 1st Tangent 3,258.34 m 2nd Tangent Length 625.00 m DD@End of 2nd BU 3,667.94 m 1st Tangent Inclination 84.13 deg VD @End of 2nd Tangent 1,451.74 m Dpt @End of 2nd Tangent 3,599.78 m Total DD 4,292.94 m 0 Departure, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 Vertical Depth, m 500 1000 1500 2000 1.3-50 973
974 1.3-51 Drilling Chart
SCADA/DCS 3 3D 3D 3D 4D Sleipner Weyburn 3,000m 2525m 975
1.3-52 Sleipner 4D 100 t-co2/ 2 5 10 20 5 20 t-co2/ 2 10 20 1km 1.3-52 100 t-co2/ Sleipner 4D 3 1.3-43 976
1.3-43 3/4 30m 13m 1/3 30m 4/3 OBC OBC/ / 30m 30m 3D 30m 20m 20m OBCOcean Bottom CableOBC OBC OBC Heavy OBC 30m Light OBC 2 20m 3 OBC 1.3-45 3 977
1.3-44 978
100 t-co2/ 1.3-2 2km 5km D 5km 5km Bin Size 25 25m 3,000m 20m 3D OBC 1/10 3D 1.3-561.3-63 1,550m2,0003,000 4,000 Drilling Chart 1,550m 1,200m 2,795m 60 2,000m 1,500m 3,410m 66 3,000m 1,500m 4,400m 79 4,000m 1,700m 5,415m 89 S 979
Directional Drilling Plan Two Build-Up or "S" plofile Well Name: Mukawoki 1550x1200 Engineer: 060306 Kick Off Point 750.00 m VD @End of 1st BU 1,169.72 m 1st Build Up Rate 4.00 deg/30m Dpt @End of 1st BU 337.54 m 2nd Build Up Rate -2.50 deg/30m DD @End of 1st BU 1,332.10 m Total Vertical Depth @End of 2nd BU 1,400.00 m VD @End of 1st Tangent 1,255.15 m Total Departure @End of 2nd BU 1,021.00 m Dpt @End of 1st Tangent 726.54 m Final Inclination @End of 2nd BU 50.00 deg DD @End of 1st Tangent 1,730.37 m 2nd Tangent Length 730.00 m DD@End of 2nd BU 2,061.73 m 1st Tangent Inclination 77.61 deg VD @End of 2nd Tangent 1,869.23 m Dpt @End of 2nd Tangent 1,580.21 m Total DD 2,791.73 m 0 Departure, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000 500 Vertical Depth, m 1000 1500 2000 1.3-53 1,550m 980
981 1.3-54 Drilling Chart 1,550m
Directional Drilling Plan Two Build-Up or "S" plofile Well Name: Mukawoki 1500x2000 Engineer: 060306 Kick Off Point 550.00 m VD @End of 1st BU 971.55 m ber t 1st Build Up Rate 4.00 deg/30m Dpt @End of 1st BU 346.34 m off. 2nd Build Up Rate -2.50 deg/30m DD @End of 1st BU 1,141.08 m e for Total Vertical Depth @End of 2nd BU 1,350.00 m VD @End of 1st Tangent 1,202.21 m d buil Total Departure @End of 2nd BU 1,821.00 m Dpt @End of 1st Tangent 1,512.46 m Final Inclination @End of 2nd BU 50.00 deg DD @End of 1st Tangent 2,329.81 m 2nd Tangent Length 730.00 m DD@End of 2nd BU 2,675.54 m 1st Tangent Inclination 78.81 deg VD @End of 2nd Tangent 1,819.23 m Dpt @End of 2nd Tangent 2,380.21 m Total DD 3,405.54 m 0 Departure, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 500 Vertical Depth, m 1000 1500 2000 1.3-55 2,000m 982
983 1.3-56 Drilling Chart 2,000m
Directional Drilling Plan Two Build-Up or "S" plofile Well Name: Mukawoki 1500x3000 Engineer: 060306 Kick Off Point 550.00 m VD @End of 1st BU 977.40 m ber t 1st Build Up Rate 4.00 deg/30m Dpt @End of 1st BU 385.13 m off. 2nd Build Up Rate -2.50 deg/30m DD @End of 1st BU 1,180.33 m e for Total Vertical Depth @End of 2nd BU 1,350.00 m VD @End of 1st Tangent 1,192.86 m d builtotal Departure @End of 2nd BU 2,821.00 m Dpt @End of 1st Tangent 2,450.39 m Final Inclination @End of 2nd BU 50.00 deg DD @End of 1st Tangent 3,256.80 m 2nd Tangent Length 730.00 m DD@End of 2nd BU 3,665.33 m 1st Tangent Inclination 84.04 deg VD @End of 2nd Tangent 1,819.23 m Dpt @End of 2nd Tangent 3,380.21 m Total DD 4,395.33 m 0 Departure, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 500 Vertical Depth, m 1000 1500 2000 1.3-57 3,000m 984
3.4.1-9 Drilling Chart 3000m 1.3-58 Drilling Chart 3,000m 985
Directional Drilling Plan Two Build-Up or "S" plofile Well Name: Mukawoki 1700x4000 Engineer: 060306 Kick Off Point 550.00 m VD @End of 1st BU 975.83 m ber t 1st Build Up Rate 4.00 deg/30m Dpt @End of 1st BU 372.08 m off. 2nd Build Up Rate -2.50 deg/30m DD @End of 1st BU 1,167.18 m e for Total Vertical Depth @End of 2nd BU 1,550.00 m VD @End of 1st Tangent 1,395.36 m d builtotal Departure @End of 2nd BU 3,821.00 m Dpt @End of 1st Tangent 3,471.28 m Final Inclination @End of 2nd BU 50.00 deg DD @End of 1st Tangent 4,294.65 m 2nd Tangent Length 730.00 m DD@End of 2nd BU 4,682.15 m 1st Tangent Inclination 82.29 deg VD @End of 2nd Tangent 2,019.23 m Dpt @End of 2nd Tangent 4,380.21 m Total DD 5,412.15 m 0 Departure, m 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 500 Vertical Depth, m 1000 1500 2000 2500 1.3-59 4,000m 986
1.3-60 Drilling Chart 4,000m 987
3 D 1.3-3 2km 5km D 5km 6km Bin Size 25 25m 3,000m 5 6km 3 1 30m 3D 2.5km 1.3-61 5,500m 1.3-62 Drilling Chart 1.3-63 7,200m 1.3-64 Drilling Chart 5,500m 2,400m 6,912m 104 7,200m 2,200m 8,479m 121 988
S 1.3-61 5,500m 989
1.3-62 Drilling Chart 5,500m 990
1.3-63 7,200m 991
1.3-64 Drilling Chart 7,200m 992
3 D 1.3-451.3-47 3D 1,000 OBC 240 300 3 3 1,000 1,000 3 1 1.3-45(a) OBC 993
1,000 1.3-45(b) OBC 1.3-46 OBC 994
1.3-47 3D 1.3-48 1,300m 1,600m 1,800m 2,350m 2,700m 1.3-48 4 3 15 1.3-49 23 1 2 995
1.3-49 996
D 1.3-50 4 100 t 80 10 t 28 20 100 t 17 10 t 7 1.3-50 100 t/ 10 t/ 3D 385 215 21 10 400 400 7,190 2,182 8,834 2,807 3D 1 385 215 29 16 2 5 10 20 1,656 4 693 3 1.3-511.3-10-54 155020003000 4000 18 19 25 27 1 2 997
1.3-51 1,550m 998
1.3-52 2,000m 999
1.3-53 3,000m 1000
1.3-54 4,000m 1001
D 1.3-55 4 100 t-co2 80 10 t-co2 24 20 100 t-co2 25 10 t-co2 11 1.3-55 100 t-co2/ 10 t-co2/ 3D 596 347 24 10 300 300 7,112 1,778 2,000m 8,032 2,435 3D 1 596 347 33 16 2 5 10 20 2,516 4 1,089 3 5 1.3-56 3 1002
1.3-56(a) 3D 1.3-56(b) 3D 1.3-571.3-58 5,500 7,200 5,500m 33 7,200m 38 1 2 1003
1.3-57 5,500m 1004
1.3.-58 7,200m 1005
D 100 t-co2 6km 6km 3D 4 10 t-co2 2km 2km 3D 2 1.3-59 100 t-co2 78 10 t-co2 48 20 100 t-co2 17 10 t-co2 7 1.3-59 100 t-co2/ 10 t-co2/ 3D 394 222 29 10 1,500 1,500 5,855 3,091 5,500m 7,778 4,823 3D 1 394 222 39 16 2 5 10 20 1,732 4 714 3 5 1006
(i) (ii) c 1.3-65 1,200m 1,2001,300m 100 t-co2 10 100 t-co2500 t-co2 10 1,000 t-co2 2D 1.3-1(2) e 1.3-65 CO2 1007
1.3-65 2D BLS, base line seismic BLS 20km 13km 1762 M5.9 1.3 1.3-6 () 2D 3D 100200m 3D 2D 2D 1.3-65 1.3-60 () 2D BLS d 1008
PLT production logging tool MDT modular formation dynamic tester 1.3-61 1.3.1(1) 1 1.3-60 2D kmkm11 500 m 20 m 5 sec 2,000m 2 msec 300 CMP 5 m 60 5 CO2 BLSM01 M0210 M03 1.3-5 -16 1.3-7 1.3-61 BLS e 1009
1.3-65 km 16 1.3-61 1.3-68 700m CO2 = 4MPa PdCO2 0.6 196070 1997 AAPG Memoir 1.4.3.(2) BLS 1 1.3-66 National-Oilwell 1320 UE 6,000m 2.5 1.3-67 LWD (logging-while-drilling) PLT 1.4.3(2) 1010
Sleipner 10 13Cr 25Cr 1.4.3(2) 1.3-1(2) 116kscg(=11.4MPaG) 1011
1.3-61 -1, 2-3, 4 FRP FRP MDT CMR PLT X X CHDT MDT: Modular Formation Dynamic Tester (,, ), CMR: Combinable Magnetic Response Tool (;, ), PLT: Production Logging Tool (,, ), CHDT: Cased Hole Dynamics Tester (, ) -1 2-3 4 VSP 1012
1.3-66 1.3-67 1013
2,740 t-co2/ 100 t-co2/ 1.4.3(2) BLS 2D 2D 1.3-65 100 t-co2 M01 500 t-co2 M02 1,000 t-co2 10 M03 BLS time lapse seismic M01 1.3-63 1.4.3(2) 1.3-65Puma 510-E 2,000m FRP (Fiber Reinforced Pipe) () 1.3-62 1014
CHDT (cased hole dynamics tester) () -1-2 500m () 1.3-68-1-2 1.3-69 () 1.3-70 1m 1cm 1.3-71 100 in-situ ( 1.3-72) 1015
c 1.3-65 1.3-5 1.3-62 1.3-68 1016
1.3-69 1.3-70 1017
1,000 D 11 100 500 1600m 1500m 1400m 1300m 1200m 1100m 1000m 900m 1.3-71 1.3-72 15) 1018
1.3-62 1,000 t-co2/10 ( ) 0 1 D BLS BLS 2D 2 3 4 1, 2 5 PLT 6 (1) 7 (2) 8 (3) 9 (4) 10 (5) 11 (6) 12 (7) 13 (8) 14 (9) 15 (10) 16 (11) t-co2 D M01 t-co2 D M02 3, 4 t-co2 D M02 PLT 100 t-co2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 500 t-co2 CO2-3, 4 CO2 CO2 CO2 1,000 t-co2 CO2 10 1019
1.3-63 30 22 2,000 2D 2D BLS 1.3-65 1.3-61 /t-co2 1.3-63 100 t-co2/ 10 1,000 t-co2 1.3-1(2) 1/31/5 1020
3 /10 3.0 30 30 1.3-63 () (t-co2) (t-co2) 1 10 10 0.6 6 6 50m50m 100m100m 50m50m 1,400m 2.5 25 25 2,630m 12.7 127 127-4?? 1 1,370m 2.5 25 2 1,450m 2.7 27 3 1,180m 2.2 22 106 4 1,750m 3.2 32 0.2 2 2 2.5 25 25 30.1 301 BLS (68km) 3.6 36 2D M01 (22km) 1.8 18 109 M02 (32km) 2.3 23 M03 (55km) 3.2 32 3.4.2-2 7.2 72 72 3.4.2-2 0.5 5 5 21.6 216?? 0-4 51.7 517 100 t 10 1,000 t 1320 UE 6,000m Puma 510-E 2,000m 180 /m M01 CO2 2.4 0.25 0.14 10 0.4 1021
1) 1980, 2) 2004 http://www.jishin.go.jp/main/katsudanso/ 3) 16 17 3 4)1963 Cap Rock 28 1 p.16-21 5) 196934 1, p.1-7 6) 197439 6 p.357-365 7) 1977 Porosity Anomaly 42, 2 p.109-116 8) 1977 9) Berg, R.R., 1975, Capillary pressures in stratigraphic traps, AAPG Bull., vol.59, p.939-956. 10) Sneider R.M., Sneider, J.S., Bolger, G.W., and Neasham, J.W., 1997Comparison of Seal Capacity Determinations: Conventional Cores vs. Cuttings, AAPG Memoir 67, p.1-12. 11) Krushin, J.T., 1997, Seal Capacity of Nonsmectite Shale, AAPG Memoir 67, p.31-47. 12) Sales, J.K., 1997, Seal Strength vs. Trap Closure A Fundamental Control on the Distribution of Oil and Gas, AAPG Memoir 67, p.57-83. 13) Kaldi, J.G. and Atkinson, C.D., 1997, Evaluating from the Talang Akar Formation, Offshore Northwest Java, Indonesia, AAPG Memoir 67, p.85-101. 14) Hansen, H., Eiken, O., and Aasum, T.O., 2005, Tracing the Path of Carbon Dioxide From a Gas/Condensate Reservoir, Through an Amine Plant and Back Into a Subsurface AquiferCase Study: The Sleipner Area, Norwegian North Sea, SPE 96742. 15) Hoefs, J., 1980, Stable Isotope Geochemistry, Springer-Verlag. 1022
SOx 100 t-co2/ 3,000 t-co2/ 1,000t-CO2/ t-co2/ 100 kw 18,000 t-co2/ 1023
NOx SOx NOx SOx NOx SOx SOx ABB Lummus Crest SO2 50ppm Fluor Daniel Econamine FG 10ppm SOx 12ppm LNG EP LNG 100 t-co2/ 6 LNG EP 1024
100 4050 1.3 70 SGH GGH 58 100 SGH MPa 67t/h GGH GGHSGH SGH 1) 100 kw 18,000 t-co2/ 1025
1.3 20 LNG 1026
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (d) 10 BFG BFG HSG 100 t-co2/ 80m 100m 10 300 1027
BFG () BFG BFG 20 BFG BFG BFG 1.3.2(2) 1 / 10 1028
RITE CO2 20042008 (a) (b) 1) Nobuo Imai, Kazuo Ishida, Economic Study on CO2 Capture and Sequestration from PCF Flue Gas, GHGT7, 2004 2) Anrnd B. Rao et al, AN INTEGRATED MODELING FRAMEWORK FOR CARBON MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES, Report to U.S. Department of Energy, March 2004 1029
1 2,215kJ/kg-CO2 amdea 17 2 1.2bar 1.4-1 LNG 7MPa 1030
LNG Treated Natural Gas High Pressure Operation Deletion of Compressor Stage Concentrated CO 2 Absorber Natural Gas CO 2 : 5-15% or more Regenerator GT Energy Saving CO 2 to Pipeline Deletion of Compressor Train 1.4-1 1MPaG 0.35MPaG (7MPa) 1031
PSA PSA 1.3-25 PSA PSA PSA PSA PSA 1.3.2(3) 1.3.2(3) 1.3.2(3)2030 40% 1032
PSA 1920 7MPa 7MPa 1MPa PSA 1033
2 1 1 10 t- CO2 8 3 16.8 2.8 1.3.2(1) 1.3-30 RDF 1MPaG 0.35MPaG 1034
b 7MPa 100 t-co2 150m 100m 165t/h 7m 1035
2 SOx MEA 2,400t2.4kg/t-CO21.3.2 9 (a) (b) MEA t 175 1 110 19,250 2,40019,250 = 4,600 1.3.2(4) (c) (d) 8 99,270 t 16 71,680 t 70% 3 1036
() 1037
49MPa 8 MPa 7MPa 4MPa 1038
NTT / 1039
LPG EOR Offshore Unloading of Semi-pressurized CO2 to an Oilfield A. Aspelund GHGT72004 6.5bar-52 5060bar -45 1020200300bar 200300bar1020 1,000 1040
3 3 1 RITEIPCC 1041
3 OBC Ocean Bottom Cable 1 1 OBC Instrumented Seismic Survey Permanent Receiver Array In Salah OBC / ERD ERD ERD ERD 1042
1.4-2 ERD 1,600m Wytch Farm ERD ERD ERD 1.4-2 ERD CO2 EOR / CO2 CO2 1043
CO2 1.4-31.4-4 CO2 Injection (kg/yr) Comparison of Injectivity model 4 & model 2 1.1e+9 1.0e+9 4 9.0e+8 8.0e+8 7.0e+8 6.0e+8 2 5.0e+8 4.0e+8 3.0e+8 2.0e+8 1.0e+8 0.0e+0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Time (yr) Gas Mass Rate(CO2) SC model4_sec_vm_top_vg_10b_den-vis_2.irf Gas Mass Rate(CO2) SC model2_sec_vm_top_vg_10b_den-vis.irf 1.4-3 NEDO 1044
Comparison of Injectivity model 4 & model 2 2.50e+10 Cumulative CO2 Injection (kg) 2.00e+10 1.50e+10 1.00e+10 5.00e+9 0.00e+0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Time (yr) Cumulative Gas Mass(CO2) SC model4_sec_vm_top_vg_10b_den-vis_2.irf Cumulative Gas Mass(CO2) SC model2_sec_vm_top_vg_10b_den-vis.irf 1.4-4 CO2 NEDO / CO2 CO2 3D 1045
3D CO2 1 Sleipner 1.4-5 Izaute mgalduncan, 2005 1.4-5 Izaute Duncan2005 1046
0.08mgal In Salah CO2 Sniffer Survey CO2 AEAcoustic Emission Intelligent Well 1.4-6 Izaute 1.4-7 ERD Intelligent Well CO2 1.4-1 1047
1.4-6 Izaute Permanent Seismic Sensor Knott, 2003 1.4-7 Intelligent Well Kragas, 2006 1048
1.4-1 OBC ERD Synthetic Base Mud ERD CO2 CO2 CO2 1049
CO2 1050
1.3.4(2) 2D Pdk Pd k 196070 90 1.3.4(2) 1051
100m Sleipner Utsira Utsira 3D 3D 17 1 1052
1,200m 100 t-co2 1.3.1(1) 1 2D 70m 1.3.4(2) Sleipner 25Cr 13Cr CO2-EOR 1.3.4(2) Sleipner 1053
ph CO2 2D 3D 2D 1.3.4(2) FRP 160m 100 t-co2 500m 200300m 1054
in-situ 1.4-2 1.4-3 1055
1.4-2 CO2 Pd 2D 13Cr 25Cr CO2-EOR 2D CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 CO2 1.4-3 CO2 Basin Model 1056
1.4.2(1) 49MPa 8 MPa α 7MPa 4MPa 100 100 1057
1) 2) 3) 1.5-1 90.25% LNG 71.92% 15 72.5% 52.6% 1058
1.5-1 1059
/ 1.5-2 1.5-2 1060
MAX MIN 2 BFG / 2 D 1.3.2(3 2 1.3-25 PSA PSA 1.5-3-1 1.5-3 PSA PSA Benfield PSA PSA [kg/cm 2 G] 0.2 1617 0.3 [] 90 33 33 [dry-vol%] H2 1 75.3 33.4 CO - 1.3 3.4 CO2 99 20.9 56.4 CH4-2.5 6.3 PSA 1.3.2(3) Benfield 1061
PSA 1.5-3 PSA D 2 1 1.3.2(3) 44% PSA 1.5-4 1. 2. (1) 1.5-4 D 34 t-co2/ PSA (2) (3) (4) 3. 570m 2 2 7m10m+(25m20m 1037 t-co2/ PSA *6 550m 2 1 *7 4. 24 5. 320 90% *1, *2 *3 *4 *5 *2 1062
PSA D CO2 1.3.2(3) D (WG) // 17 / / // 44% 34%/ 22% / 17 CO2 10% 3% 1063
1.3-23 1.5-5 1.5-5 1064
1.3-29 1.5-6 1065
1.5-6 1066
100 t-co2 1.3-36 1.5-7 1067
1.5-7 1068
1.2 2 100 t-co2/ 8,500 / 78km 10MPa 1.5-8 / CO2 100 t-co2/7mpa 1.5-9 CO2 t-co2/ / / /... CO2 100 t-co2/7mpa 1069
1.5-10 CO2 t-co2/ /. / / 11.5MPa 100 t-co2/20 t-co2/ 2 1,000km500km 2 4 (a) 1 RITE 500km 3 1,000km 4 1070
(b) 100 t-co2/500km m 3 /d 3 3,000 30.98 8,000/8760 X 10,056t 11,000t 1 100 t-co2/1,000km 13,400 15,000t 20 t-co2/500km 2,200t 20 t-co2/1000km 3,000t 1 507ata 1.16 (c) RITE 3 100 t500km 22,000t 100 t1,000kmn 30,000t 20 t 500km 4,400t 20 t 1,000km 6,000t 16 GHGT-7 16 6 RITE 3) 7 CO2 LNG VLCC VLCC 7 85 = 100 16 6 90 (106) 100 17 3 125 147 139 GHGT-7 0.45 RITE 3) 1071
8 2 RITE 1.5 0.2%GHGT-7 C 770 GJ 32,000 kl 1.5-11 100 t-co2 500km 11,000t 14,000m 3 (16,240t) 36 0.84 1.47 44 100 t-co2 500km 100 t-co2 1,000km 100 t-co2 1,000km 20 t-co2 500km 20 t-co2 500km 20 t-co2 1,000km 20 t-co2 1,000km 22,000t 36 1.15 1.47 61 15,000t 36 0.96 1.47 51 30,000t 36 1.32 1.47 70 2,200t 36 0.41 1.47 22 4,400t 36 0.56 1.47 30 3,000t 36 0.47 1.47 25 6,000t 36 0.64 1.47 34 1072
GHGT-7 0.7 8 C C 41.7MJ/L(9,962kcal/L) 0.0195kg-C/MJ 0.0715kg-CO2/MJ 0.071541.72.98kg-CO2/L 2.98t-CO2/kL VLCC 1.72.0g/t-mile 2.0g/t-mile 98% C 0.94 1.1510-3 L/t-km GHGT-7 123kWh/t-CO2 24MJ/t-CO2 22.1t/t-CO2 CO2 0.378kg-CO2/kWh 0.0715kg-CO2/MJ 2.98t-CO2/kL 1073
1.5-12 100 t-co2/ 20 t-co2/ 500km 1,000km 500km 1,000km hr/ 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 2,330 2,330 759 759 CO2 3,630 4,950 726 990 440 539 143 176 4,400 5,100 2,200 2,500 10,800 12,919 3,828 4,425 kwh/ 123 123 24.6 24.6 t/ 22.1 22.1 4.4 4.4 MJ/ 24 24 4.8 4.8 L/ 575 1,150 115 230 / 1,080 1,292 383 443 10/ 3/ / 324 388 115 133 / 1,230 1,230 246 246 / 133 133 26.4 26.4 / 18 18 3.7 3.7 / 220 255 110 125 / 5.84 5.86 1.2 1.2 / 1,610 1,640 387 402 CO2 t-co2/ 48,200 48,200 9,640 9,640 CO2 t-co2/ 14,600 21,900 3,210 4,380 t-co2/ t-co2/ 3,210 6,430 643 1,288 t-co2/ 66,010 76,530 13,493 15,308 CO2 1074
1.5-13 100 t-co2/ 20 t-co2/ 500km 1,000km 500km 1,000km hr/ 8,000 8,000 8,000 8,000 2,330 2,330 759 759 CO2 440 539 143 176 6,100 7,000 3,000 3,400 4,400 5,100 2,200 2,500 12,830 14,969 6,102 6,835 kwh/ 123 123 24.6 24.6 t/ 22.1 22.1 4.4 4.4 MJ/ 24 24 4.8 4.8 l/ 575 1,150 115 230 10/ / 1,283 1,497 610 684 3/ / 385 449 183 205 / 1,230 1,230 246 246 / 133 133 26.4 26.4 / 18 18 3.7 3.7 / 220 255 110 125 / 5.84 5.86 1.2 1.2 / 1,610 1,640 387 402 CO2 t-co2/ 48,200 48,200 9,640 9,640 CO2 t-co2/ t-co2/ 14,600 21,900 3,210 4,380 t-co2/ 3,210 6,430 643 1,288 t-co2/ 66,010 76,530 13,493 15,308 1075
1) CO2 5 3 2) Marine Transportation of CO2, Masahiko Ozaki, John Davidson, Junichi Minamiura, GHGT72004 3) CO2 7 8 2 RITE 1076
1.5-14 100 t-co2/ Day Rate 1.5-14 2D 3D OBC-3D 50 20km 10 10km 55km 5 5km 1,500 2,000 7.5 1.5/ 3.4/ (2.8/) 7/ 1,0003,000 4D 2 CO2 5km5km 500100 2D 50km20km2km 3D OBC 10km10km 4D 5km5km 1077
2D (SP-SP) 580km53km(20km/2km+1) 3,000m 25m50mCMP 12.5m 304 2 3D 3D OBC (5km5km) 2D 30m 40m 3D 2D3D OBC 15 2D 6 5 5020km2km 580km 120km/ 1 20 1.5-15 D 2,500 2,400 480 5 960 160 6 QC 200 25 8 140 20 7 400 400 1 8,000 1.46 1078
D D 3D 18 Primary line11 (88580) Infill line2 10km10km885km 80km/ 3 202 1.5-16 D 2,000 10,400 800 13 3,150 210 15 QC 375 25 15 360 20 18 2,400 800 3 15,000 3.37 5 km5km 2 5 10 20 18 IPCC 3D OBC 60 ()50 ( 5km5km56 6 /+2 ) 10 ( 20) 1.5-17 DOBC 4,000 35,000 700 50 8,400 140 60 QC 1,500 25 60 1,200 20 60 5,000 500 10 15,000 7.01 1079
/ 2.5 ERDExtended Reach Drilling B CO2 500m ERD 100 t-co2/ 20 t-co2/ 2 10 t-co2// 50 t-co2// 100 t-co2/ 10 10 t-co2// 50 t-co2//20 t-co2/10 t-co2// 50 t-co2// 1.5-18 / CO2 1,000m 2,000m 3,000m 4,000m 5,000m ERD ERD 1.5-19 1080
CO2 3090150300m 20km 70km 70km 30m 1.5-20 30% 30m90m150m 3 300m 300m 20km 70km 30m Well Head 90m 150m 1.5-20 1.5-21 1,000m 2,000m 10 t-co2/ / 1.5-22 1,000m 2,000m 50 t-co2// 1.5-23 3,000m, 4,000m, 5,000m 10 t-co2// 1.5-24 3,000m, 1081
4,000m, 5,000m 50 t-co2// / 30m 50 t-co2// 10 t-co2// 100 t-co2/ 20 t-co2/ 1/5 1/2 1.5-18 / 20 t-co2/ 100 t-co2/ 10 t-co2// 2 10 50 t-co2// 1 2 1.5-19 ERD 1,000m 2,000m (m) 2,500 (m) 3,013 1,175 (/m) 39 (m) 5,000 (m) 5,708 2,626 (/m) 46 1082
1,000m 2,000m 3,000m 4,000m 5,000m 1.5-20 Platform (m) 1,700 1,700 (m) 2,242 2,242 1,121 1,009 (/m) 50 45 (m) 2,000 2,000 (m) 3,233 3,233 2,231 2,101 (/m) 69 65 (m) 2,000 2,000 (m) 4,250 4,250 3,145 2,975 (/m) 74 70 (m) 2,000 2,000 (m) 5,250 5,250 () 4,095 3,675 (/m) 78 70 (m) 2,000 2,000 (m) 6,250 6,250 () 6,688 4,375 (/m) 107 70 1083
1.5-21 1,000m, 2,000m 10 t-co2// / 100 t-co2/ 20 t-co2/ 1,000m 118 24 2,000m 263 53 20km/ 1,000m 180 45 20km/ 2,000m 291 67 30m 70km/ 1,000m 70km/ 2,000m 20km/ 1,000m 180 45 20km/ 2,000m 291 67 90m 70km/ 1,000m 180 45 70km/ 2,000m 291 67 20km/ 1,000m 181 45 20km/ 2,000m 292 67 150m 70km/ 1,000m 181 45 70km/ 2,000m 292 67 20km/ 1,000m 181 45 20km/ 2,000m 292 67 300m 70km/ 1,000m 181 45 70km/ 2,000m 292 67 20km/ 1,000m 112 22 20km/ 2,000m 223 45 30m 70km/ 1,000m 112 22 70km/ 2,000m 223 45 20km/ 1,000m 101 20 20km/ 2,000m 210 42 90m 70km/ 1,000m 101 20 70km/ 2,000m 210 42 20km/ 1,000m 101 20 20km/ 2,000m 210 42 150m 70km/ 1,000m 101 20 70km/ 2,000m 210 42 1084
1.5-22 1,000m, 2,000m 50 t-co2// / 100 t-co2/ 20 t-co2/ 1,000m 24 12 2,000m 53 26 20km/ 1,000m 45 32 20km/ 2,000m 67 43 30m 70km/ 1,000m 70km/ 2,000m 20km/ 1,000m 45 32 20km/ 2,000m 67 43 90m 70km/ 1,000m 45 32 70km/ 2,000m 67 43 20km/ 1,000m 45 32 20km/ 2,000m 67 43 150m 70km/ 1,000m 45 32 70km/ 2,000m 67 43 20km/ 1,000m 45 33 20km/ 2,000m 67 44 300m 70km/ 1,000m 45 33 70km/ 2,000m 67 44 20km/ 1,000m 22 11 20km/ 2,000m 45 22 30m 70km/ 1,000m 22 11 70km/ 2,000m 45 22 20km/ 1,000m 20 10 20km/ 2,000m 42 21 90m 70km/ 1,000m 20 10 70km/ 2,000m 42 42 20km/ 1,000m 20 10 20km/ 2,000m 42 21 150m 70km/ 1,000m 20 10 70km/ 2,000m 42 42 1085
1.5-23, 3,000m, 4,000m, 5,000m 10 t-co2//: / 100 t-co2/ (10 ) 30m 90m 150m 300m 30m 90m 150m 20 t-co2/ (2 ) 20km/ 3,000m 383 86 20km/ 4,000m 478 105 20km/ 5,000m 737 157 70km/ 3,000m 70km/ 4,000m 70km/ 5,000m 20km/ 3,000m 383 86 20km/ 4,000m 478 105 20km/ 5,000m 737 157 70km/ 3,000m 383 86 70km/ 4,000m 478 105 70km/ 5,000m 737 157 20km/ 3,000m 384 86 20km/ 4,000m 479 105 20km/ 5,000m 738 157 70km/ 3,000m 384 86 70km/ 4,000m 479 105 70km/ 5,000m 738 157 20km/ 3,000m 384 86 20km/ 4,000m 479 105 20km/ 5,000m 738 157 70km/ 3,000m 384 86 70km/ 4,000m 479 105 70km/ 5,000m 738 157 20km/ 3,000m 315 63 20km/ 4,000m 410 82 20km/ 5,000m 669 134 70km/ 3,000m 315 63 70km/ 4,000m 410 82 70km/ 5,000m 669 134 20km/ 3,000m 298 60 20km/ 4,000m 368 74 20km/ 5,000m 438 88 70km/ 3,000m 298 60 70km/ 4,000m 368 74 70km/ 5,000m 438 88 20km/ 3,000m 298 60 20km/ 4,000m 368 74 20km/ 5,000m 438 88 70km/ 3,000m 298 60 70km/ 4,000m 368 74 70km/ 5,000m 438 88 1086
1.5-24, 3,000m, 4,000m, 5,000m 50 t-co2//: / 100 t-co2/(2 ) 20 t-co2/(1 ) 30m 90m 150m 300m 30m 90m 150m 20km/ 3,000m 85 53 20km/ 4,000m 104 62 20km/ 5,000m 156 88 70km/ 3,000m 70km/ 4,000m 70km/ 5,000m 20km/ 3,000m 85 53 20km/ 4,000m 104 62 20km/ 5,000m 156 88 70km/ 3,000m 85 53 70km/ 4,000m 104 62 70km/ 5,000m 156 88 20km/ 3,000m 85 53 20km/ 4,000m 104 62 20km/ 5,000m 156 88 70km/ 3,000m 85 53 70km/ 4,000m 104 62 70km/ 5,000m 156 88 20km/ 3,000m 85 53 20km/ 4,000m 104 62 20km/ 5,000m 157 88 70km/ 3,000m 85 53 70km/ 4,000m 104 62 70km/ 5,000m 157 88 20km/ 3,000m 63 31 20km/ 4,000m 82 41 20km/ 5,000m 134 67 70km/ 3,000m 63 31 70km/ 4,000m 82 41 70km/ 5,000m 134 67 20km/ 3,000m 60 30 20km/ 4,000m 74 37 20km/ 5,000m 88 44 70km/ 3,000m 60 30 70km/ 4,000m 74 37 70km/ 5,000m 88 44 20km/ 3,000m 60 30 20km/ 4,000m 74 37 20km/ 5,000m 88 44 70km/ 3,000m 60 30 70km/ 4,000m 74 37 1087
1,000 t-co2 5,000 t-co2 25km 2 5km5km 5km 25km 2 17 (a) (b) 1088
(b) 10km10km 2D 1.5-1 100km 2 5km5km 10km5 2 2km 3 5km 1.5-1 5km 1089
version 1 1.5-1 12 2D 2DS-210km5 2 2km 2DS-1 2DS-2 1km MDT 2D 5 version 2 1090
10km 10km 2DS-1 2DS-2 1.5-1 25 5km5km 23 version 3 1091
1.5-25 1.5-25 1,000 2,000m 5 5 5 5 10 10 10 10 2DS-1 100km 5 500 100km 5 500 2DS-1 10 10 10 10 3 180 540 3 400 1,200 3 5 15 3 10 30 MDT 203 0.4 24 403 0.5 60 10 10 10 10 2DS-2 100km 5 500 100km 5 500 2DS-2 20 20 20 20 2 180 360 2 400 800 2 5 10 2 10 20 MDT 20 2 0.4 16 40 2 0.5 40 2 5 10 2 5 10 20 20 20 20 3 180 540 3 400 1,200 3 5 15 3 10 30 MDT 20 3 0.4 24 40 3 0.5 60 3 5 15 3 5 15 20 20 20 20 2,664 4,560 100m100m 50m50m 1092
2,000 ERD 2,000m Puma 510-E 18 m 1,000m1,500m2,000m 1,000m1.8 1,500m2.7 2,000m3.6 100 t-co2 2,400m 1,300m13 13Cr 25Cr 2,000 2 LWD FRP 1093
1,000m500 2,000m1,000 2D 500780 km 5km5km 500m 5km11 5km11 5.58.6 4km4km 500m 4km9 4km9 3.65.6 3km3km 500m 3km7 3km7 2.13.3 1.5-26 1.5-27 1.5-26 1,000m 1,500m 2,000m 0.2 100m100m 1.8 2.7 3.6 0.2 13 1,300m 2,400m 2LWD 50m50m 1.8 2.7 3.6 0.05 0.1 1.5-27 2D : 5km5km 4km4km 3km3km 500m 5.58.6 3.65.6 2.13.3 1094
1.5-28 1.4.3(3) 4 1.5-28 / 1095
1.6-1 1.6-2 7 1.6-1 1096
1097
1098
I 1.6-2 1099
1100
1.6-11.6-2 CO2 34 t-co2/ 1.6-1 / 32 1.6-2 / 2 4, CO2 20 100 t-co2/ 1101
1.4 1.6-3 1.6-3 1102
18 17 18 17 (1) 17 2 17 1103