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1 第 16 回助成研究発表会要旨集 ( 平成 16 年 7 月 ) 発表番号 58(0334) 幼児の塩分摂取量の調査と塩分摂取に影響する食環境要因の解析 助成研究者 : 坂田隆 ( 石巻専修大学理工学部基礎理学科 ) 共同研究者 : 大江裕子 ( 宮城県矢本町健康保育課 ) 芳賀めぐみ ( 宮城県津山町保健福祉課 ) 幼児における食塩の摂取量の現状を尿中へのナトリウム排泄量として把握するとともに 幼児の食物摂取の内容や食行動 調理担当者の調理技術などを調査し どのような要因によって幼児の塩分摂取量が規定されているかを明らかにすることを目的とした 平成 15 年 6 月 ~7 月 宮城県内 9 市町の3 歳から4 歳の幼児 104 名 ( 男 53 名 女 51 名 ) を対象に 1 日尿中 Na 排泄量を測定するための 24 時間蓄尿と自記式の食生活アンケートを用いて幼児の食物摂取の内容や食行動 調理担当者の調理技術等 15 項目について調査した Na 濃度の測定はイオン電極法により行い 併せて簡易法として多用されているソルトペーパー試験紙による Na 濃度測定も行った Na 濃度と 24 時間尿量とから1 日 Na 排泄量を求め 計算により1 日食塩摂取量を推定した 実施協力者 104 名のうち 51.0% が 24 時間蓄尿による採尿が可能であった 性別間の尿量の平均値には統計学的に有意な差はなく 24 時間尿量の平均 404 ml/d( 中央値 373 ml/d) 体重あたりの平均尿量は 27 ml/kg( 中央値 24ml/kg) であった 尿中 Na 測定による 1 日食塩摂取量の平均 ± 標準偏差は 2.7±1.2 g /d 中央値 2.5 g/d で 体重あたりでは 0.18±0.08g/kg/d( 中央値 0.17g/kg/d) 体表面積あたりでは 4.3±1.9 g/m 2 /d( 中央値 4.0 g/m 2 /d) であった ソルトペーパーとイオン電極間での尿中食塩濃度の相関係数は早朝尿では r= 時間尿では r=0.55 であった イオン電極 24 時間蓄尿法による食塩摂取に影響する因子として統計学的に有意な影響があったのは だしのとりかた で 天然だしを使用している群のほうが 市販のだしを使用している群に比べ食塩摂取量が有意に高かった (p<0.01) この研究では 24 時間蓄尿が確実に蓄尿できたかをどうやって確認するかが鍵になることから 今回用いた方法に加えて 今後はクレアチニン等の測定を行う必要があろう 食塩摂取量の推定方法には 食事記録法や陰膳実測法などの食事調査法や尿中塩分測定による方法などがあるが 推定方法の違いが結果に及ぼす影響についても検討が必要である また 食塩と関連の深いカリウム摂取量についても調べることが望ましいと考えられる 今回は ある年齢層の食塩摂取量について調べたが 今後は加齢とともに摂取量がどのように増加していくのかについても研究する必要があると考えられる この研究にあたり 調査にご協力いただいた対象者の皆様 宮城県栄養士設置市町村連絡協議会母子保健減塩推進事業検討委員会および関連市町の皆様に深く感謝いたします
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12 Daily salt intake in 3 years old infants estimated from 24 h urine analysis Takashi Sakata 1, Yuko Ooe 2, Megumi Haga 3 1 Ishinomaki-Senshu University, 2 Yamoto Town Office, 3 Tsuyama Town Office Summary It is nationally important to reduce salt intake. The exposure to salty food during the childhood may affect the salt intake in adults. Accordingly information on salt intake in infants is inevitable. Nevertheless, such information is amazingly little. Therefore, we estimated daily salt intake in 48 three-year old healthy infants of both sexes. We recruited volunteers at legislative regular health check. After the explanation about the aim, public benefit, expected risk, use of data and free withdrawal from the study, those who agreed to volunteer produced written consent. They were asked to collect all the urine of the infant for 24 hours, to report health status and drug(s) taken, and to fill the questionnaire about food environment. Infants who had any disease or drug on the day of urinary collection as well as those who were using diaper were omitted from the study. Thus, we collected urine from 48 infants in 9 municipals in Miyagi prefecture. Urine volume and urinary sodium concentration was measured within 12 hours of collection using commercial test paper (Uro-paper salt, EIKEN) and flat ion electrode for sodiumcompact Na ion-meter HORIBA. We considered that daily sodium chloride excretion calculated from the above two parameters represented daily salt intake. Results were analyzed by Student s t-test, analysis of variance and regression analysis, and considered significant at error probability smaller than Sodium concentration measured by the above two method showed a statistically significant positive correlation. However, the coefficient of regression was less than 0.7. Test paper gave higher values than ion electrode. Thus, we decided to use results obtained with ion electrode. The median of urinary volume and daily salt intake were 373(range 180 to 985) ml/d and 2.7 (range 0.3 to 5.9) g/d, respectively. There was no significant effect of municipal, gender and their interaction. The source of stock was the only significant food-related modifier of salt intake
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Vol.No. 2. 方法 ( 1 ) 調査対象と時期 A B ( 2 ) 調査内容 1 ) 食事の摂取状況 2 ) 食品群別摂取頻度 3 ) 生活習慣状況 4 ) 健康意識 ( 3 ) 解析 Dplus 3. 結果と考察 ( 1 ) 性別と全調査項目 p p p ( 2 ) 食事の摂取状況 p
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