宮本大輔山川修治

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1 No pp PDO The Relationships between Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Synoptic Climate System Daisuke MIYAMOTO and Shuji YAMAKAWA Accepted November 30, 2017 We investigated the relationships between Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and synoptic climate system using PDO Index (Washington Univ.) and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. In tropical zones, we found a positive correlation between PDO and sea level pressure (SLP) in the areas of Southeast Asia, South Asia, Middle East and a part of Africa. The variations in the location and intensity of Walker circulation are dependent on PDO as well as ENSO. In the Northern Hemisphere, we detected a correlation between PDO and not only Siberian High but also Aleutian Low in January. The PDO warm phase is characterized by the quasi-stationary 3-wave pattern at 500 hpa and a warm winter in East Asia. It is pointed out that Arctic Oscillation (AO) tends to be in a positive phase in January. In summer, we revealed a positive correlation between PDO and Okhotsk High in August. PDO tends to be at a statistically significant level with SLP in the Okhotsk Sea with a ridge in the Far East at 500 hpa in both June and August. In the Southern Hemisphere, South Pacific High seems to be strong in the PDO cool phase. This study indicated a negative correlation between PDO and South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ). Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) tends to be in a negative/positive phase during the warm/cool PDO phase, respectively. The quasi-stationary 3-wave pattern shows a tendency to prevail in January during the PDO cool phase. Keywords: Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), Arctic oscillation (AO), Antarctic oscillation (AAO), South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ), Okhotsk High, Siberian High, Aleutian Low Mantua et al SST Pacific Decadal Oscillation; PDO PDO 2005 PDO PDO PDO Mantua and Hare (2002 ; Zanchettin et al. (2008) ; Deflorio et al. (2013) ; Krishnamurthy et al. (2014); Urabe and Maeda (2014) PDO 2 3 PDO 4 5 PDO Graduate School of Integrated Basic Sciences, Nihon University: Sakurajosui Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University: Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo , Japan

2 宮本大輔山川修治 PDO 本 1 PDO Index 大 2 SLP 500hPa NCEP/NCAR 3 OLR NOAA PDO Index SLP 500hPa OLR OLR PDO SLP 500hPa OLR OLR PDO Index PDO PDO PDO Index 2015 本 PDO PDO 10 SST 20 N SST EOF 1 Mantua et al., 1997 SST 20 N ENSO SST PDO PDO 2 PDO Index SST EOF PC1 3 PDO Index PDO PDO PDO 1 1 4a 1 PDO SLP PDO PDO 4b 1 PDO 500hPa

PDO 2 PDO Web-site (http://research.jisao.washington.

3 PDO 2 PDO Web-site ( 3 PDO Web-site ( 4c 1 PDO OLR 2 8 5a 8 PDO SLP 8 PDO PDO PDO PDO b 8 PDO 500hPa 5c 8 PDO OLR

4 宮本大輔山川修治 4 1 PDO (a)slp (b)500hpa (c)olr

5 PDO 5 8 PDO (a)slp (b)500hpa (c)olr

宮本大輔山川修治 6 SLP 1 hpa 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo SPCZ 大 PDO 1 1 6 PDO SLP 1

6 宮本大輔山川修治 6 SLP 1 hpa 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo SPCZ 大 PDO PDO SLP 1 6a AO 山川 2005 山 b 本 6c AAO 山川 d AAO 7 PDO 500hPa 1 7a 3 AO

7 PDO 7 500hPa 1 m 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo 7b 2 7c AAO 7d 3 8 PDO 850hPa 8a 8b 8c 8d

8 宮本大輔山川修治 8 850hPa 1 m/s 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo 9 PDO 200hPa 9a 8 本 9b 8 10 PDO OLR 1 10a 大 10b 大 PDO SLP 8 11a 11b

9 PDO 9 200hPa 1 m/s 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo 10 OLR 1 W/m 2 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo 11c 11d 12 PDO 500hPa 8 12a 500hPa b 12c 12d 13 PDO 850hPa 8 13a c 13b d

10 宮本大輔山川修治 11 SLP 8 hpa 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo 14 PDO 200hPa 8 14a 14b 15 PDO OLR 8 15a SPCZ 15b PDO 大 PDO Index NCEP/ NCAR SLP PDO PDO ENSO 1 PDO 500hPa 3 1 AO 8 PDO 8 500hPa 本 PJ Nitta

PDO 12 500hPa 8 m 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo SPCZ PDO

11 PDO hPa 8 m 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo SPCZ PDO AAO GrADS PDO Index NCEP/NCAR NOAA OLR

12 宮本大輔山川修治 hPa 8 m/s 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo (c)pdo (d)pdo hPa 8 m/s 95 (a) (b)pdo

PDO 15 OLR 8 W/m 2, 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo Deflorio, M. J. and Pierce, D. W., Cayan, D. R., Miller, A. J. (2013) : Western U.S. Extreme Precipitation Events and Their Relation to ENSO and PDO in CCSM4.

13 PDO 15 OLR 8 W/m 2, 95 (a)pdo (b)pdo Deflorio, M. J. and Pierce, D. W., Cayan, D. R., Miller, A. J. (2013) : Western U.S. Extreme Precipitation Events and Their Relation to ENSO and PDO in CCSM4. Journal of Climate, 26, Krishnamurthy, L. and Krishnamurthy, V. (2014) : Influence of PDO on South Asian summer monsoon and monsoon-en- SO relation. Clim Dyn, 42, Mantua, N. J. and Hare, S. R. (2002) : The Pacific Decadal Oscillation. Journal of Oceanography, 58, Mantua, N. J., Hare, S. R., Zhang, Y., Wallace, J. M. and Francis, R. C. (1997) : A Pacific Interdecadal Climate Oscillation with Impacts on Salmon Production. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78 (6), PDO D p PDO 62 (7), Nitta, T. (1987) : Convective Activities in the Tropical Western Pacific and Their Impact on the Northern Hemisphere Summer Circulation. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 65 (3), Urabe, Y. and Maeda, S. (2014) : The Relationship between Japan s Recent Temperature and Decadal Variability. SOLA, 10, (6), ENSO , (3), Zanchettin, D., Franks, S. W., Traverso, P. and Tomasino, M. (2008) : On ENSO impacts on European wintertime rainfalls and their modulation by the NAO and the Pacific multi-decadal variability described through the PDO index. International Journal of Climatology, 28,

No pp The Relationship between Southeast Asian Summer Monsoon and Upper Atmospheric Field over Eurasia Takeshi MORI and Shuji YAMAKAWA

No pp The Relationship between Southeast Asian Summer Monsoon and Upper Atmospheric Field over Eurasia Takeshi MORI and Shuji YAMAKAWA No.42 2007 pp.159 166 The Relationship between Southeast Asian Summer Monsoon and Upper Atmospheric Field over Eurasia Takeshi MORI and Shuji YAMAKAWA Received September 30, 2006 Using Southeast Asian

宮本大輔 山川修治

宮本大輔山川修治