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9 大先生の研究室で研究できることに感激

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14 International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Editor Editor-in-Chief W. Minkowycz University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA Board of Editors A.R. Balakrishnan, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chennai, India P. Cheng, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China R. Greif, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA C.P. Grigoropoulos, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA A.I. Leontiev, J.W. Rose, Queen Mary, University of London (QMUL), London, England, UK J. Taine, Ecole Centrale Paris, Châtenay-Malabry, France H. Yoshida, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan B. Weigand, Institute of Aerospace Thermodynamics, Stuttgart, Germany

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17 President, Assembly for International Heat Transfer Conferences

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19 Watt & Edison

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23 Energy : energeia en in ergon work Thomas Young ( )

24

25 Coalbrookdale Coalbrookdale Ironbridge Gorge Museums

26 Abraham Darby

27 Thomas Newcomen ( )

28 James Watt (1736~1819) (1) 1765 the separate condenser A New Invented Method of Lessening the Consumption of Steam and Fuel in Fire Engines

29 James Watt (1736~1819) () 1781 Sun-and-planet gear 1782 Double-acting engine 1788 Centrifugal governor

30

31 Horsepower

32 George Stephenson (1781~1848) Darlington-Stockton 1825,ActiveLocomotion Liverpool-Manchester 1829, Rocket Robert Stephenson (1803~1859)

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34 迄 :

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37 1160kcal 50kg J N m mgh h m v kcal kJ 670kJ kg m 2 s J kg 9.8m s 2 2gh 3 m [m/s kg m 2 s 2 m 2 ] 1370[m] 164 m/s 590[km/h]

38 Nicholas A. Otto ( )

39 Heat exchanger Cold gas Compressor Liquid Expansion valve Carl von Linde ( ) Rudolf Diesel ( )

40 Otto Diesel p p V V

41 Gottlieb Daimler Wilhelm / Karl Maybach Karl Benz

42 Mercedes Emil Jellinek ( ) Mercedes Jellinek ( )

43 p V

44 Sir Frank Whittle ( ), England Patent: 1930 The W.1 turbojet engine Hans von Ohain ( ), Germany From 1933~ The He S-3 engine The Gloster E28/39 aircraft (1941) First jet aircraft, Heinkel He-178(1939)

45

46 Rolls-Royce s Trent aerospace/products/civil-large-engines/trent aspx General Electric s GEnx ines/genx/

47 ETOPS = Extended-range Twin-engine Operational Performance Standards

48

49

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51 NY Pearl Street

52 General Electric vs Westinghouse DC Thomas Edison ( ) [ Henry Ford (1863~1947) ] AC Nikola Tesla ( ) George Westinghouse ( ) Adams Niagara AC1895

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58 Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn [10 6 km] ,427 [days/years] 88 d d d 687 d y y [hours/days] 59 d 243 d 23 h 56 m 4 s 24 h 37 m 23 s 9 h 50 m 30 s 10 h 14 m (a) [km] 2,440 6,050 6,380 3,390 71,400 60,000 [ = 1] [ = 1] , [ = 1] CO 2 N 2, O 2 CO 2 H, He H, He [atm] < [K] (F s ) [kw/m 2 ] (A) (T e ) [K]

59 A

60 E b E d C1 0 b E b 5 exp( C ) 1 2 T

61 E b [W/m 2 ] (total emissive power) E b [W/(m 2 m)] (monochromatic emissive power) (Planck) E b 5 C exp( C2 1 T ) 1 (Wien) maxt [m K] (Stefan-Boltzmann) E b 1 E 0 b d 0 5 exp( C2 T ) 1 8 C [W/(m 2 K 4 )] d T 4

62 E b 1 E 0 b d 0 5 exp( C2 T ) 1 C d T 4

63 F 1 T s e 1.37 A F a s 255[K] kw m 2 2 4a T e 6000 [K] max =0.5 [m] 300 [K] max =10 [m]

64

65

66 cos (300K/250K) 4 = = 2

67 Richardson Lewis Fry Richardson ( ) :, John von Neumann ( ) & ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer GFDL (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab.) (1931-)

68 GCM: General Circulation Model know/whitep/1-3-1.html

69

70 Out of the Blue and Into the Black New Views of the Earth at Night Night Watch SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN May

71 Mercator projection

72

H1-4_QX33.qxd (Page 1)

H1-4_QX33.qxd (Page 1) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519 21 Galileo Galilei 1564-1642 22 23 24 25 26 27 George Stephenson 1781-1848 James Watt 1736-1819 28 Richard Arkwright 1732-1792

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