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1 EU

2 EU EU EU

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5 1 EU EU

6 EU SIPRI EU 2

7 EU EU 3

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31 /10 1/3 27

32 SIPRI :0012:00 SIPRIStockholm International Peace Research Institute Alyson J.K. BAILES Christer AHLSTRÖM Sharon WIHARTA Zdzislaw LACHOWSKI SIPRI SIPRI 1995 SIPRI 3 ISSUE BRIEF

33 SIPRI SIPRI 10 SIPRI SIPRI SIPRI SIPRI 29

34 11 NATO EU SIPRI SIPRI SIPRI SIPRI 40 Alyson J. K. Bailes, Isabel Frommelt, Business and Security, public-private sector relationships in a new security environment, Oxford University Press,

35 SIPRI SIPRI SIPRI 7 SIPRI OSCE SIPRI SIPRI 1994 SIPRI 2 OSCE, The Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe 1975 CSCE 31

36 OSCE NATO EU OSCE SIPRI 15 NATO EU EU OSCE 55 SIPRI OSCE HPhttp:// safety/trend.html 49 FTA SIPRI HPhttp://about.sipri.se/ organization/ 32

37 HPhttp:// press/release/16/rls_0908a.html 33

38 EU EU EU 12 EU EU 5 A Secure Europe in a Better World 2003 EU ESDP EU CFSP EU HPhttp:// EU

39 EU EU 3,000 EU EU EU EU 9 22 SIPRI EU NATO EU EU EU NATO EU EU EU 35

40 1 1, the political economy of armed conflict HPhttp:// HPhttp:// LURD HPhttp:// UNHCR 2 HPhttp:// HPhttp://www. mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/congomin/data.html HPhttp:// 36

41 AU EU ECWAS SIPRI African Union OAU HPhttp://www. mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/oau/oau.html ECOWAS, Economic Community of West African States ECOWAS ECOMOG, ECOWAS Monitoring Group HPhttp://www/mofa.go.jp/mofaj/area/Africa/ ecowas.html 37

42 SIPRI SIPRI 2 SIPRI NPT Six-Party Talks on North Korean Issues HPhttp:// NPT Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, NPT KEDO 38

43 SIPRI IAEA NPT HPhttp://www/mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/gunword/index.html, gaiko/kaku/npt/gaiyo.html 39

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45 EU NATO EU NATO EU NATO EU NATO 23 NATO NATO NATO NRF, NATO Response Force NATO 1999 NATO NATO NRC NATO NATO NRF, wherever needed PCC usable deployable HPhttp:// 41

46 10 NATO NATO NATO NATO SARSAIDS EU EU EU EU EU ASEAN+3 ASEAN

47 SIPRI OSCE EU EAEC ASEAN+3 ASEAN ASEAN+3 HP

48 44 3 G8 G8 ASEAN 19 HP

49 45

50 EU :0015:00 EU The Committee on European Union Affairs 1995 EU EU EU EU WTO Tommy WAIDELICH EU Ingrid Laren MARKLUND Monica HOGLUND Margareta Ljunggren HJORT Bengt OHLSSON Eva STERNDAL Sveriges Riksdag The Committee on European Union Affairs [ ]

51 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 6 EU EU EU CouncilEU HPhttp://jpn.cec.eu.int/union/ showpage_jp_union.institutions.institutions04.php EU EU EU EU

52 NATO EC EU 1994 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EMU EU EMU, Economic and Monetary Union EMS, European Monetary System EMS ECB EMU 12 GDP 3 48

53 EU EU EU 2 EU 1 HPhttp://jpn.cec.eu.int/union/showpage_jp_union.emu.step.plan.php EMU 82.6 EMU The Election AuthorityHPhttp:// EU

54 EMU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 50

55 EU EU EU EU EU Yes or No Yes No No Yes 51

56 3 52

57 :1015:45 Per WESTERBERG HPhttp:// members/deputy.asp 53

58 Riksdag HPhttp://

59 JK, Justitiekanslern Chancellor JO 55

60 Swedish Government, HP, Elections to the Riksdag 56

61 EU HP, Extraordinary General Elections members/f02_extraval_en.asp

62 : Conserv. Party Centre Party Liberal Party Soc.Dem. Party Commun ist Party The Moderate Party 58

63 bourgeois parties

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66 :4516:25 Jan PENNLÖV Albert JOHNSON JustitieombudsmannenJO Riksdagens Ombudsän Parliamentary Ombudsmen 62

67 Chancellor of Justice HPhttp:// departmentet ämbetsverk, Board HP ,000 3,500 63

68 5, ( ) 2, , ,812 64

69 HP 2 HP 65

70 , ,000 75% 3 66

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73 Chief Parliamentary Ombudsman JOJustitieombudsmannen 5,000 69

74 70

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76 HPhttp:// htm 2003 GDP 51.9 HP The Committee on Social Insurance 72

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86 82 100

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105 EU

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107 EU EU

108 Kansanäänestys EU

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111 Eduskunta

112 Presidentti

113 Valtioneuvosto Valtioneuvoston oikeuskansleri

114 Eduskunnan oikeusasiamies Lainkäyttö

115 EU EU 93 2 EU 96 EU

116 , ,500 25, EU 112

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119 :0016:00 The Administration Committee HPhttp:// VÄISTÖ, Matti Kalervo PUHJO, Veijo Olavi HAUTALA, Lasse Tapani 115

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121 The Transport and Communications Committee 117

122 12 2 Act on Publicity of Act on the Openness Official Documents of Government Activities

123 EU

124 120 EU

125 BB

126 12 2 EU EU EU 1989 EU EU 122

127 1996 EU EU 1999 EU EU EU EU EU EU THE PARLIAMENT OF FINLAND,WERNER SODERSTROM OSAKEYHTIO,

128 124 EU EU 3 30

129 125 EU

130 :3012:50 The Employment and Equality Committee 17 9 HPhttp:// GUSTAFSSON, Jukka Tapani HOLMLUND, Anne Elisabeth MUSTAJÄRVI, Markus TIILIKAINEN, Kimmo Kalevi

131 OECD

132 Equality Law HP or.jp/index-j.html

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138 CD 134

139 :0014:00 The Constitutional Law Committee 17 9 HPhttp:// SATONEN, Arto Olavi RUNDGREN, Simo Arttur MUSTAJÄRVI, Markus LAAKSONEN, Kalevi MANNINEN, Sami HPhttp:// HPhttp:// 135

140 EU

141 Parliamentary Office Deputy Secretary General Committee Secretariat

142 EU

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144 1995 EU EU Jacob Söderman

145 IT The Committee for the Future HPhttp:// 141

146 519 12, ,145 k 377,887 k /k / k HPhttp:// 142

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148 EU EU EU EU EU 1995 EU

149 53 2 EU 94 3 EU

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151 :1515:00 KILJUNEN, Kimmo Roobert The Grand Committee EU

152 EU 1995 EU EU OECD EU EU EU EU EU EU EU The Grand Committee EU EU World Population Prospects:The 2002 Revision , ,

153 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU E Matters HPhttp:// 149

154 EU 1995 EU 59 EU EU 1995 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 150

155 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 25 EU EU GNP 5 k GDP100 EU15 37,901 3,245,290 8,628,016 EU ,394 4,283,900 9,101,956 ( ) ( ) ( ) EU World Bank Online database 2002 EU 36 EU 2025 EU EU EU EU 3 EU 151

156 EU EU EU EU 2 EU EU EU EU EU Kimmo KiljunenTHE EU CONSTITUTIONA Finn at the Convention,EDUSKUNNAN KANSLIAN JULKAISU,

157 EU EU NATO NATO 70 1,324km NATO NATO NATO NATO 1994 NIS PfP NATO PJC NATO NATO 20 NATO NRC 2 HPhttp:// 153

158 NATO NATO 1992 EU 1996 NATO EU EU CFSP EU EU EU FCMA 2000 Max Jakobson CFSP 1992 EU WEU EU

159 EU NATO NATO NATO NATO 1992 EC 1992 EC 1993 EU CFSP 1994 NATO PfP WEU 12 NATO PKO EU CFSP NATO 1997 EU NATO 1998 NATO NATO NATO PfP WEU 7 NATO EU WEU WEU WEU NATO PfP HPhttp:// 155

160 NATO PfP NATO NATO EU NATO EU 5 NATO NATO EU NATO NATO PfP 1991 NATO NATO 1994 PKO HPhttp:// EU Rapid Reaction Force

161 1999 EU NATO NATO NATO NATO NATO NATO 3 EU NATO EU EU EU NATO NATO NRF NATO NEO HPhttp://

162 E U

163 EU EC EU EC EU EC (CFSP) (JHA) EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 1 1 I-1 ~ I-8 EU EU EU 159

164 2 I-9 ~ I-10 3 I-11 ~ I-18 EU EU EU EU 4 I-19 ~ I-32 [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 2 [ ] [ ] 1 [ ] EU 65% [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] 160

165 [ ] 5 I-33 ~ I-44 6 I-45 ~I-52 7 I-53 ~I-56 8 I-57 9 I-58 ~I

166 2 1 II-61 ~II-65 2 II-66 ~II-79 3 II-80 ~II-86 4 II-87 ~II-98 5 II-99 ~II II-107 ~II II-111 ~II III-115 ~III III-123 ~III III-130 ~III

167 4 III-286~III III-292 ~III-329 (CFSP) (CSDP) 6 III-330 ~III III-424 ~III IV-437 ~IV-448 EC EU Convention 163

168 EU EU 1.EU 1EU 1952 EU ECSC 1958 EECEURATOM 1967 EC ECSC ECSC EU EEC EURATOM EU EC EU EU EU EU EU III-115 [III-1] 4 III-115 [III-1] I

169 EU EU EC EU EC EC EU EC EU 1997 EU EC ECSC EEC ECSC 2002 EU EU EC 1999 EC EU 1992 EC 1993 EC EU

170 EU EU EU 2001 EU EU EU EU EU

171 HPEU EU ,000 GDP 4 1 EU (Acqui communautaire) EU EU EU 3EU EU 167

172 EC GDP 3 4 EU 2000 EU EU 54 EU EU 2 EU EU 52 3 EU -112[-52]3 HPhttp:// EU 168

173 2.EU EU EU EU EU EU [ ] EU 1 2 [ ] College 5 EU 5 EC 1 6 EC 15 3

174 EU Structure of EU Institutions EU Highest political organ to giving to the EU political impetus and defines general political directions EU + European Council (EU Summit) Leaders of Member States + President of the European Commission Decision-taking and law-making EU + EU Council Term of Presidency: 6 months Ministers from Member States and European Commissioner Enactment of Exclusive right to initiate legislative, regulations and budget and policy proposals directives Consultation Participation in the co-decision, cooperation and other procedures Administration European Commission Commissioners: 20 (term: 5years) Brussels Annual report Right to pass a motion of no-confidence in the Commission Opinions Law-making, democratic control ( ) European Parliament Members: 626 (term: 5years) Plenary Meetings (Strasbourg) Committee Meetings (Brussels) Court of Auditors Members: 15 (term: 6years) Luxembourg Judiciary + European Court of Justice Judges: 15 (term: 6years) (+Court of First Instance) Luxembourg President, Vice-presidents, (term: 2.5years=Mid-term change) Economic and Social Committee Members: 222 (term 4 years) Brussels Committee of the Regions Members: 222 (term: 4 years) Brussels European Investment Bank Luxembourg European Central Bank Frankfurt

175 EDC EU 1994 EU 1999 EU EU 2004 EU EU EU 12 EU IGC democratic deficit 10 IGC EU 5 EU IGC 2003 EDC EU EU 171

176 EU 5 3 EU EU EU EU EC EU EU EU EC EC EC EU 2002 HP QMVqualified majority voting QMV EU EU

177 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (a) EU (b) (c)eu EU (d)eu (a)eu (b)eu (c) (d)eu EU (e) EU (f)eu (g) EU 3 EU EU EU 2 EU EU President EU

178 EU EU 65 EU EU (EU ) 2 EU EU EU EU 2 EU EU EU 100 EU IGC IGC EU EU EU EU EU EU 174

179 EU EU 2 5 EU EU EC EU ECEU EU EU EU EU EC 171 EU EU EU EU EC 56 - EC EU ECEU EU EU 175

180 EU 1. EU EU EU EU EU EU European Union Law EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 2 EU 2. EU EU EU EU EU EC 1972 EC 72 EC EC EC 72 EC 72 EC EC EC

181 EC EC EC EU EU EU EU 24 1 a E EU EU EU

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184 EU NATO WEU NATO WEU 1975 CSCE95 OSCE NATO NATO IFOR SFOR WEU OSCE 1991 HPhttp:// HPhttp:// 180

185 2EU EU EU CFSP EU EU CFSP NATO CFSP EU WEU EU EU WEU EU EU EU ESDP EU EUNATO EU NATO NATO EU ESDI 1992 EU CFSP EU WEU EU EU ESDP WEU WEU 1999 WEU EU Rapid Reaction ForceRRF = EU NATO 2003 NATO NATO EU 2002 EU NATO EU NATO EU NATO 181

186 3EU NATO EU NATO EU NATO EU EU EU NATO EU NATO NATO EU EU EU NATO EU EU NATO NATO IFOR 2002 NATO NATO NRC EU W E U CSCE HPhttp://

187 OSCE 1995 EU ESDP WEU HP

188 EU :0012:05 EU EU Jean-Claude PILISEU EU EU EU EU 184

189 EU 25 EU EU EU EU EU The European UnionTowards A New Form of Federalism

190 EU 2,600 EU EC EU 175 EU EU EU early warning system 100 EU -11 [I-9]3 186

191 187 EU I-11 [I-9]4

192 EU 60 FTA EU EU EU EU NATO EU EU

193 EU military EU military committee 200 NATO NATO NATO NATO territory defense NATO European Army 15 EU 2 25 NATO NATO NATO EU NATO EU NATO SFOR PfP

194 EU military operation EU 200 NATO NATO 2 10 EU EU 10 EU EU GNP GNP 2004 EU 111, EU 2001 EU EU GDP 15 EU EU 190

195 HPhttp:// EU HPhttp://europa.eu.int/index_en.htm EU GDP2004 EU EU NATO 191

196 EU

197 EU EU EU EU Thérèse Blanchet 50 federalists supranatinalists intergovernmentalists sovereignists intergovernmental EU EU hard core EU EU 1990 EU Gilles Andreani Commission EU 193

198 European Council EU EU EU 1)EU 2)EU State 3)EU Partially Federal Entity EU EU EU super-state 194

199 integrative federalism devolutionary federalism EU EU EU demos EU Nation-States defensive EU EU EU State EU EU 1)EU EC EU EU

200 EC EU EU the Masters of the Treaties 40 EC 1/91 EC EEA EFTA EEC EEC EU EU EU Council of ministers EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 196

201 EU EU Etat de droit Communauté de droit EU EU EU CFSP ESDP EU 2) EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU GDP 1 85 EU 5 30,000 EU 197

202 EU EU EU implementing federalism (indirect administration) decentralised federal State EU EU a demos a European People EU peoples demoi EU a demos we-feeling EU EU Kompetenz-Kompetenz EU Grundnorm EU EU EU IGC 198

203 EU 10 EU CFSP EU EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs EU EU EU EU the demos EU a single demos a plurality of demoi a demos EU EU 25 EU

204 EU EU EU 3) EU Partially Federal Entity EU EU 2003 EU EU demos Kompetenz-Kompetenz EU European Federal Nation State EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 200

205 EU EU the constituent parts EU EU EU EU case-law diploma EU EU Variable Geometry EU 201

206 enhanced cooperation EU 11 EU EU 23 1 EU EU minister EC 202 EU EC 263 EC EU EU EU 50 EU EU EU EU EU Federation of States Jacques Delors fédération d Etats nations EU unidentified political object States (demoi) 50 IGC EU? 202

207 IGC EU EU EU pacta sunt servanda EU EU EU EU EU EU European External Action Service 130 EU EU High Contracting Parties EU

208 8 1 EU EC IGC EU a demos EU 204

209 EU EU IGC IGC IGC EU 205

210 intergovernmentalism EU Partial Federalism IGC EU EU post-modern-entity EU EU super-nation State 206

211 207

212 :0016:10 EU Jean-Luc DEHAENE Vice President of European Convention 7 2 EU

213 25 EU 25 modify 50 EU EU EU EU EC EU EU EU EU 209

214 210 EU EU EU IGC 2

215 EU EU EU EC EC EU EU EU ( )

216 EU 10 EU EU

217 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 213

218 EU 10 EU WTO EU EU

219 EU ASEM MERCOSUR ASEM 1994 EU EU 1996 ASEM 1 EU MERCOSUR

220 :5017:30 External Relations Directorate-General 1999 EC HP HPhttp://europa.eu.int/comm/external_relations/index.htm EU Fernando VALENZUELA Marzo EU CFSP EU EU new invention 216

221 CFSP CFSP CFSP EU EU CFSP CFSP CFSP ESDP 12 ESDP EU SFOR ESDP 217

222 218 EU EU EU EU

223 EU 1 EU EU EU EU EU -6[-5a] EC EU -6-5a 219

224 EU EU EU (1)EU (2)EU (3)EU EU EU EU EU EU 220

225 :1511:05 EU Pieter VAN NUFFEL 8 EU EU 221

226 222 (1) (2) (3) 12 EU 25 25

227 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 15 EU EU EU EU

228 EU EU EU EU EU EU 1953 EU 224

229 EU EU 1999 EU EU EU 225

230 226

231 :0011:45 EU Antonio VITORINO EU EU

232 EU EU % HPhttp:// 228

233 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU EU % %

234 EU EU EU EU 25 4 EU EU EU WHat EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 2 EU EU ECEU EU EC EC EU EU EU EU EU EU EU CFSP EU EU 230

235 231 EU 5 EU EU 25 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU CFSP

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238 :4511:30 EU Georg JARZEMBOWSKI EU 5 234

239 5 25 EU 89 EU

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244 65 35 EU25 65 EU EU EU 26 2 EU EU EU 43 1 EU 56 61% EU

245 :3012:00 EU (Íñigo MÉNDEZ DE VIGO) 8 8 EU EU 241

246 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU 25 EU EU early warning system/procedure

247 EU EU EU EU EU 50 EC 50 2 EU 3 I-2 243

248 EU EU 57 EU ASEMAsia-Europe Meeting ASEM I-57 [I-56]

249 :3515:25 EU (Klaus HÄNSCH) EU EU EU IGC EU

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251 EU EU European Armaments,Research and Military Capabilities Agency EU EU EU EU EU Europol Eurojust

252 ,000 EU EU EU EU EU EU ,100 1, , , , , EU 5 2,

253 EU 89 EU EU EU EU EU NPONGO NGONPO EU European law European framework law EU 1/4 EU EU EU

254 NPONGO NPONGO NGONPO NGONPO NPONGO 12 NGO 10 NGO NGO NGO NGO EU NGO NGO 250

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256 :3516: EU EC EU EU Jo LEINEN 252

257 The European Dream 25 EU EU Jeremy Rifkin The European Dream: How Europe's Vision of the Future Is Quietly Eclipsing the American Dream [I-40] 1 capabilities 2 NATO 3 253

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262 EU EU EU EU EU EU EU Department for Constitutional Affairs 11 EU EU EU

263 :3511:30 EU Andrew Nicholas DUFF EU EU EU EU EU 261

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273 NATO EU NATO EU NATO Responce Force,NRF EU Rapid Reaction Force,RRF NATO , NATO 100 NATO EU NATO EU NATO NATO EU EU EU NRF ,500 NATO ESDP EU EUPM IPTF EU NATO NATO SFOR EU NATO 271

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