Strauss A Corbin J 41 Flick U 42 Leininger MM 43 Polit DF Hungler BP 44 Patton MQ Holloway I Wheeler S 46 Pope C Mays N 4

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1 Babbie ER SURVEY RESEARCH METHOD S 25

2 Strauss A Corbin J 41 Flick U 42 Leininger MM 43 Polit DF Hungler BP 44 Patton MQ Holloway I Wheeler S 46 Pope C Mays N 47 LoBiondo-Wood G Haber J Cohen MZ 48 Liher PR Marcus MT 46 Norwood SL

3 Pope C Mays N dependability credibility

4 72 73 transferability Weber M 76 Weber M

6 photovoice AV Plummer K

7 Flick U art

8 Parsons T

9 156 Holloway I Wheeler S Grounded Theory Approach Flick U QUALITATIVE FORSCHUNG 1995 p p p (4) pp p Grbich C: Qualitative Research in Health An Introduction pp p Lazarsfeld PF QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS: Historical and Critical Essays Everitt BS:THE ANALYSIS OF CONTINGENY TABLES Upton GJG The Analysis of Cross-tabulated Data pp

10 Babbie ER SURVEY RESEARCH METHODS 2nd California Wadsworth Publishing Co Schatzman L Strauss AL FIELD RESEARCH: Strategies for a Natural Sociology Krippendorf K: CONTENT ANALYSIS: An Introduction to Its Methodology Plummer K Documents of Life Maanen JV TALES FROM THE FIELD:ON WRITING ETHNOGRAPHY Chenitz WC Swanson JM From Practice to Grounded Theory Emerson RM Fretz RI Show LL Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes Vaughn S Schumm JS Sinagub JM FOCUS GROUP INTERVIEWS IN EDCATION AND PSYCHOLOGY Bertaux D:LES RECITS DE VIE:PERSPECTIVE ETHNOSOCIOLOGIQUE Emerson RM eds :Contemporary Field Research: Perpectives and Formulations 2nd Illinois Waveland Press,Inc p25 39 pp pp Strauss A Corbin J Basics of Qualitative Research:Grounded Theory Procedures and Techniques 1990 pp Flick U pp Leininger MM eds Qualitative Research Methods in Nursing 1985 pp Polit DF Hungler BP NURSING RESEARCH :Principles and Methods 3rd 1987 P Patton MQ How to Use Qualitative Methods in Evaluation p7 California SAGE Publications, Inc Holloway I Wheeler S Qualitative Research for Nurses 1996 pp Pope C Mays N eds Qualitative Research in Health Care 2nd 1999 pp Cohen MZ Introduction to Qualitative Research In LoBiondo-Wood G Haber J eds Nursing Research:Methods, Critical Appraisal, and Utiliz ation 5th Missouri, Mosby,Inc. p Liher PR Marcus MT Qualitative Approaches to Research In:LoBiondo-Wood G Haber J eds : Nursing Research:Methods, Critical Appraisal, and Utilization 5th Missouri, Mosby, Inc. p Norwood SL:Research Strategies for advanced practice nurse pp46 47 New Jersey Prentice- Hall,Inc P p209 53) Grbich C: pp52 61

11 54 Flick U pp Flick U p Pope C Mays N eds pp Flick U p Flick U pp Flick U pp Pope C Mays N eds pp Flick U pp Flick U pp Pope C Mays N eds p92 65 Flick U p Flick U pp Flick U p Flick U pp Flick U pp Pope C Mays N eds p91 72 Flick U pp Flick U p Holloway I Wheeler S pp Flick U pp Flick U pp Flick U pp Speziale HJS Evaluating Qualitative Research In LoBiondo-Wood G Haber J eds op.cit. p Flick U pp Flick U pp Speziale HJS op.cit. p Holloway I Wheeler S p Pope C Mays N eds pp Strauss A Corbin J pp pp Flick U p95 88 p Flick U pp Flick U pp Flick U pp Flick U pp pp Flick U pp pp pp Flick U p Vaughn S,Schumm JS Sinagub JM pp pp pp Flick U pp pp Flick U p pp Holloway I Wheeler S pp Flick U pp pp Flick U pp Holloway I Wheeler S p pp Holloway I Wheeler S pp p3 113 Flick U pp Wang CC, et al Photovoice as a tool for participatory evaluation: The community s view of process and impact Journal of Contemporary Health, 4(3) 47 49, : Photovoice Needs Assessment Flick U pp pp p Flick U pp pp Plummer K pp Holloway I Wheeler S pp pp Flick U p Flick U p Strauss A Corbin J pp Strauss A Corbin J pp Strauss A Corbin J pp Strauss A Corbin J pp Flick U pp Strauss A Corbin J pp Strauss A Corbin J pp

12 133 Strauss A Corbin J pp Strauss A Corbin J pp Glaser BG Strauss AL The Discovery of Grounded Theory Strateg ies for Qualitative Research 1967 pp ) Grbich C: pp Flick U p Flick U pp pp pp ) Grbich C: pp Flick U pp ) Krippendorf K: pp Holloway I Wheeler S p Flick U pp Flick U pp Krippendorf K: pp Flick U p Holloway I Wheeler S p Flick U pp Flick U p Bertaux D pp Flick U pp Flick U pp Holloway I Wheeler S p3 158 Holloway I Wheeler S pp41 53

13 An Introduction of Qualitative Research to Nursing From The Viewpoint of Social Research Methodology Jun OKAMURA, M.H.S. In human sciences, much attention is now focused on qualitative research, but there is a diversity of definitions of qualitative research and its critera. Then, in order to introduce qualitative research to nursing from the viewpoint of social research, literature reference discussion has been conducted The results of this discussion revealed that qualitative research in nursing should be considered as follows: It can be defined expediently as the research, in which each subject is valued as a case, the case is not taken out of the context where it is present, the case is described by the text that each subject represents, and researchers interpret the meanings of the text in vivo code It is essentially similar to nursing practice, in which each client is importantly treated as an individual, the wants that each client presents are met, the cultural and community context of their wants is understood, caring and intervention is given, and their satisfaction with the practice is evaluated It can be evaluated from the standpoint of four criteria : dependability, which means that any reader of the article can trace the process of the researcher s text interpretation and they can double-check similar cases for purposes of comparison; credibility, which means that his/her interpretation of the text can be credited in a context; which means that his/her interpretation of the text in a context can be transferred to another context; and relevance, Key words: qualitative research, dependability credibility transferability relevance Okinawa Prefectural College of Nursing

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positivist (interpretive) (critical) (1) (2)(3)(4) 1 2 (a) (b) Punch, 2009, p.68 u u / u u u u u u (,2007) 3 u u u u u (,2008, p.22) 3 (Narrative research) (Phenomenology) (Grounded theory) (Ethnography)