The Ecological Society of Japan (Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology) 18 : (2013) * The habitat status of large-sized aquatic animals in an

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きみかずあわたけ
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1 (Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology) 18 : (2013) * The habitat status of large-sized aquatic animals in an ill-drained paddy field and an adjacent side ditch Kota Tawa*, Kosuke Nakanishi, Daisuke Murakami, Takayoshi Nishida and Hiroichi Sawada Graduate School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture Abstract: We examined the habitat status of aquatic animals within an ill-drained paddy field and an adjacent side ditch in Shiga, Japan, from March to November. A comparison of fauna throughout the season revealed that aquatic species were richer in the paddy than in the side ditch. Specifically, both anuran tadpoles and aquatic insects (Odonata, Hemiptera, and Coleoptera) were abundant in the paddy, indicating that the paddy environment offers low predation pressure and an abundant food supply, respectively, to these species. In contrast, stream-dwelling aquatic animals (Semisulcaspira libertina and Geothelphusa dehaani) were more abundant in the side ditch than in the paddy. Thus, both the paddy and the side ditch contributed to the conservation of a greater variety of aquatic animal species in ill-drained paddy fields. We then compared the fauna between the cropping and non-cropping season. A number of permanent-water species, such as Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Cynops pyrrhogaster, and aquatic insects, were captured in the paddy during both seasons, presumably due to the presence of areas of permanent water remaining in the paddy even during the non-cropping season. These waters may have served as refugia habitats and overwintering sites for many aquatic animal species. Keywords: aquatic animals, cropping season and non-cropping season, overwintering sites, reproductive sites, side ditch * Graduate School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka, Hikone, Shiga , Japan zi14ktawa@gmail.com

2 調査地の概要 m 3 78

3 調査水田の概要と農事暦 sv54.wadax.ne.jp/~ikimonotanbo-jp/about/index.html a m 50 m * Mann-Whitney s U test, P<

3 調査時期と水生動物の採集方法 2009 3 11 2010 4 10 3 5 5 8 9 11 3 1 1 2 2009 2,000 cm 3 4 2 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Cynops pyrrhogaster 1 4.0 g 9 3 6 150MM 0.

4 3 調査時期と水生動物の採集方法 ,000 cm Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Cynops pyrrhogaster g MM 0.1 mm MM!0_0! Excel Free Ver mm 60 mm mm 60 mm 60 mm データの解析方法 2 Mann-Whitney s U test SPSS 17.0 for Windows SPSS 80

5 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus Anura spp. (larvae) * Rana nigromaculata R. rugosa Cynops pyrrhogaster Orthetrum spp. Sympetrum spp. Notonecta triguttata Sigara spp. Agabus conspicus Rhantus suturalis Hydaticus bowringi H. grammicus Cybister brevis Dytiscidae spp. (larvae) * Hydrophilus acuminatus Luciola lateralis Molanna moesta Tabanidae sp. 1 Geothelphusa dehaani Semisulcospira libertina Hirudinoidea 水田と側溝で採集された大型水生動物 , , Agabus conspicus Geothelphusa dehaani 4 5 1,199 1, Hydaticus bowringi 62 Rhantus suturalis H. bowringi

6 5 1, Semisulcospira libertina Mann-Whitney s U test P<0.01 ドジョウの個体数の季節変化と体長分布 mm Mann-Whitney s U-test P< その他水生動物の個体数の季節変化 82

6 Nc Nw 10 4 8 10 4 9 2010 5 25 1 8 a 9 a 5 8 b 2009

7 6 Nc Nw a 9 a 5 8 b b 6 8 c d c d 83

8 ± mm * Mann-Whitney s U test, P<0.001 水生動物の水田と側溝の利用状況 Notonecta triguttata 10 Rana rugosa cm Rana nigromaculata Hyla japonica

9 8 N 1999 Rhacophorus schlegelii Rhacophorus arboreus

10 9 N Naruse and Oishi

11 非作付期における水域の重要性 Cybister brevis

12 TaKaRa (1978). Venus 37: (2007). ( ). pp ,. (2008). 19: (2011). 46(12): (1936). Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (CANTOR) 2, Cobitis biwae JORDAN and SNYDER, Cobitis taenia striata, subsp. nov. 48: (2006). 11: (2002). 7:1-8. (1961). (2). 11: (2006) 5. 74(8): (2005). 73(9):34. (2010). Wildlife Conservation Japan 12(2):1-9. (2007). ( ). pp ,. (1997).,. (2009). ( 88

13 ). pp ,. (2000) 4.2. ( ) 7. pp ,. (2009). 20: (1993). Strix 12: Naruse M, Oishi T (1996) Annual and daily activity rhythms of loaches in an irrigation creek and ditches around paddy fields. Environmental Biology of Fishes 47: ( ) (2003) 5.,. (2000). ( ). pp ,. (2001)., 51:1-11. (1988). 38: (2009). 77(4):7-16. (2008). 26: (2007). 10: (2003).,. (2004),. 72(6): (1999). 46: (2005).,. (2005), 1. 73(9):3-6. (2007). ( ). pp ,. 89

Cynops pyrrhpogaster 1943 Akiyama et al Butorides striatus amurensis 1948 Nipponia nippon 2012 Ciconia boycian

Cynops pyrrhpogaster 1943 Akiyama et al Butorides striatus amurensis 1948 Nipponia nippon 2012 Ciconia boycian (Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology) 20 : 119-130 (2015) Cynops pyrrhogaster 1,2, * 1,3 1,4 1 1 1 2 3 4 Habitat selection and seasonal occurrence of the Japanese newt, Cynops pyrrhogaster, in ill-drained