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2 A Dictionary of the Chinese Language in Three Parts by R. Morrison, Vocabulary Containing Chinese Words and Phrases Peculiar to Canton and Macao by J. F. Davis, 1824 Vocabulary of the Canton Dialect by R. Morrison, 1828 A Dictionary of the Hok-keen Dialect of the Chinese Language by W. H. Medhurst, 1832 A Vocabulary of the Hokkeên Dialect as Spoken in the County of Tshëang Tshew by J. F. Davis, 1838 Chinese and English Dictionary by W. H. Medhurst, An English and Chinese Vocabulary in the Court Dialect by S. W. Williams, 1844 The Beginner's First Book in the Chinese Language (Canton Vernacular) by T. T. Devan, 1847 English and Chinese Dictionary by W. H. Medhurst, 1847 `48

3 Anglo-Chinese Manual with Romanized Colloquial in the Amoy Dialect by E. Doty, 1853 A Vocabulary with Colloquial Phrases of the Canton Dialect by S. W. Bonney, 1854 The Beginner's First Book, or Vocabulary of the Canton Dialect by T. T. Devan, 1858, 1861 An English and Cantonese Pocket Dictionary by J. Chalmers, 1859, 1862 The Tourists' Guide and Merchants' Manual.. in the Court and Punti Dialects by W. Lobscheid, 1864 English and Chinese Dictionary with the Punti and Mandarin Pronunciation by W. Lobscheid,

4 to hope; to look forward to with expectation to hope for Await, to look for Expect, to Expectance, Expectancy, the act of expecting

5 Look, to look forward with hope 171

6 Chronicle, to record in history Chronicling, recording Chronology., the method of ascertaining the true periods or years when past events took place and arranging them in their proper order, according to their dates NOTE, To note or write down NOTE BOOK INSERT in a book MEMORANDUM book

7 173

9 SUPERINTENDANT.. In government granaries there are appointed superintendants they are sometimes called Superintendants of a treasury TREASURER of a province, one who takes care of a treasury

10 a granary and treasury Garner, Grain, Granary, Hutch, Store.. ; on the damaging of governmental stores

11 to open or spread out; to open a scroll or a book OPEN, To open or spread out Opened the flower to open out

14 The real part, or place, which one holds in society, whether noble or ignoble, rich or poor. what is his situation in life? Otherwise expressed by in what department is his person placed. DEPARTMENT, An official department, or business allotted to a person DEPARTMENT, duty or business TO REGARD, to regard one's station

15 SITUATION, situation in life STATION in society.. station in life Aggrandize, to aggrandize one's self Clerkship, the office or business or a clerk Compatible, compatible with his duty not compatible with one's office

16 OBEDIENTLY, Obey the Lord's commandments expression) ORDER, order, to command

20 (7) : English-Chinese Dictionary of the Standard Chinese Spoken Language Handbook for Translators Including Scientific, Technical, Modern and Documentary

21 The Formation of Modern Chinese Lexicon and Its Evolution Toward a National Language (1993) Reconsideration of Loanwords of Purely Japanese Derivation as Cited in Research by Gao Ming Kai and Liu Zheng Yan Kazuko Miyata A Study of Loanwords in Contemporary Chinese by Gao Ming Kai and Liu Zheng Yan was published in This was a pioneering work in the field of studying loanwords in Modern Chinese and has been considered to be one of the most important materials for investigating the modern Japanese words. Several scholars, however, claim that the book is not without errors, especially concerning the origin of loanwords. The main reason for this is that it did not make use, as materials, of the English-Chinese or Chinese-English dictionaries published during the nineteenth century. 187

22 The book consists of the following six chapters: Chapter 1: Definition of Loanwords Chapter 2: A Look at the History of Loanwords in Chinese Chapter 3: Loanwords in Contemporary Chinese Chapter 4: Loanwords in Contemporary Chinese and the Cultural Progress of the Chinese People Chapter 5: How Loanwords are Formed in Chinese Chapter 6: Standardization of Loanwords in Contemporary Chinese Ninety-one words are listed in paragraph 5-1 (Loanwords of Purely Japanese Derivation). My investigation shows that, out of the 91 words which the book claims to be of Japanese origin, as many as 49 are of originally Chinese derivation with 7 of uncertain origin. 188

Core Ethics Vol.

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