人文地理58巻2号

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さあしゃみやくぼ
4 years ago
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19 Changes in an Indian Village Involved in Globalization : De territorialization and Re territorialization of a Rurban Village in the Bangalore Metropolitan Area SAWA Munenori Faculty of Human Development, Kobe University and MINAMINO Takeshi Graduate School of Education, Hyogo University of Teacher Education How is an Indian rural village changed from the viewpoint of globalization? This paper analyzes changes in an Indian village based on Giddens theory of modernity, particularly the

20 ideas of de territorialization and re territorialization. The G village, a rurban village in the suburbs of Bangalore city in Karnataka, is taken as a case study. Spatial changes in the interactions among social groups and changes in local community are examined focusing on the economic and social structure of the social groups which have various att ributes of the newcomers / local inhabitants. Expansion in the suburbs of Bangalore city and the industrial estate development resulted in the inclusion of G village into the edge of the Bangalore metropolitan area. Some local inhabitants with a high level of education became casual industrial laborers, for example, and most of the agricultural land became sites for apartments as well as store sites for the newcomers such as casual industrial laborers and guards. The rest of the agricultural land became used for animal husbandry to supply un pasteurized milk in accordance with the increased demand or land lying fallow. As a result, G village, which was adjacent to the industrial estate, was included economically into the edge of the Bangalore city bloc by specifying it as a residential area for laborers and a supply area for manpower and food. The village society, which used to have a nucleus as a large landowner, gradually lost its autonomy resulting in a community with no center. In terms of these processes, the local context of the rural village has a signifi - cant meaning, for example, the infrastructure conditions and inhabitant s caste composition in the newcomer s residence choice, a factory location is related to the quality of the worker looked for, and the location of the educational facilities and existence of the social restrictions on women s employment. It is true that globalization gives rural villages on a local scale a great infl uence on the economic activity and politics of the national scale and on the regional scale which forms the metropolitan region. However, this study shows that local rural villages are neither subordinated nor prescribed one sidedly by the upper space scale ; still less, they are not homogenous in accordance with changes on the upper space scale. The more integrated into the upper scale the local rural village is, the more specialized in terms of the function fi tt ed to each survival condition in the upper space. Globalization, as the consequences of modernity, draws the rural village, which exists locally, apart from the local context and restructures it in the time space which has unlimited expansion (i. e. de territorialization). At the same time, the local context is used again, and a restructured social connection remodels it (i. e. re territorialization). Generally speaking in Indian villages, globalization strips off the place put in the local context and de territorializes the rural village by giving it a new meaning, for example, judged on the economic value on the upper space. At the same time, the process of change itself is put in the local context again, and re territorializes the Indian village. Globalization is the process that pushes the compression of the time space increasingly and faces local existence by placing a local social act on the unlimited time space, and continues de territorialization and re territorialization without any break. A local rural village is gradually included into the edge of the global space through both processes. Key words : globalization, modernity, de territorialization, re territorialization, rurban area, Indian village, Bangalore

WASEDA RILAS JOURNAL

27 200 WASEDA RILAS JOURNAL NO. 1 (2013. 10) WASEDA RILAS JOURNAL 28 199 29 198 WASEDA RILAS JOURNAL 30 197 31 196 WASEDA RILAS JOURNAL 32 195 1 3 12 6 23 No 1 3 0 13 3 4 3 2 7 0 5 1 6 6 3 12 0 47 23 12