2019 年 9 月地熱月報 ジャカルタ事務所 ( インドネシア ) 3 件 1. 政府 探鉱プログラムで地熱開発を支援 2019 年 9 月 18 日 ( 中央 : 財務省国家資産総局イサ ラクマタルワタ (Isa Rachmatarwata) 総局長 ) インドネシア財務省は 政府の探鉱プログラ

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1 2019 年 9 月地熱月報 ジャカルタ事務所 ( インドネシア ) 3 件 1. 政府 探鉱プログラムで地熱開発を支援 2019 年 9 月 18 日 ( 中央 : 財務省国家資産総局イサ ラクマタルワタ (Isa Rachmatarwata) 総局長 ) インドネシア財務省は 政府の探鉱プログラムを通して地熱開発エリアの探鉱を支援し 地熱エネルギー産業への投資を促進する計画があると 18 日ジャカルタで開催されたメディアディスカッションで発表した イサ ラクマタルワタ国家資産総局長は コストがかかる上リスクの高い掘削が民間企業や投資家を消極的にさせ 地熱開発の足かせになっているとし 政府が率先してリスクを負い 開発を支援する探鉱プログラムを策定したと述べた このプログラムには インフラ金融公社 PT.Sarana Multi Infrastructure 国営電力 PLN 傘下 PT. Geo Dipa Energi 政府系インフラ保証基金 PT. Penjaminan Infrastruktur Indonesia(PII) の 3 つの財務省特別ミッション会社 (SPV: Special Mission Vehicle) が関わり 計画や予算編成と運用 調達から実際の掘削までを担う エネルギー源が発見され 採算が取れる見込みがある場合は 開発に興味がある投資家らに提供可能と付け加えた PT. Geo Dipa Energy のリキ フィルマンダ イブラヒム (Riki Firmandha Ibrahim) マネージングディレクターは同会場で インドネシアの地熱探鉱プログラムをサポートする用意があることを表明した 2020 年度の国家予算から 7,000 億ルピア ( 約 53 億 3,400 万円 ) の国家資本参加 (PMN) を受ける計画がある その計画に従い ジオディパは現在 エネルギー鉱物資源省によって提案された地熱エネルギー源を含むとされる 4 つの新しい井戸を調査している 地熱井は下記 1 東ヌサ トゥンガラ州ウェ サノ (Nusa Tenggara Timur, Wae Sano) 2 北マルク州ハルマヘラ ジャイロロ (Maluku Utara Halmahera, Jailolo) 3 南スラウェシ州タナ トラジャ ビトゥアン (Sulawesi Selatan Tana Toraja, Bittuang)

2 4 東ヌサ トゥンガラ州ナゲ (Nusa Tenggara Timur, Nage) ( 出典 :9 月 18 日付アンタラ通信 ) 2. マルク州ブル県ワプサリット地域 (Wapsalit, Kabupaten Buru, Provinsi Maluku) での予備調査および探鉱エリア (WPSPE) の入札 2019 年 9 月 26 日番号 :001 / WPSPE-DEP / 2019 エネルギー鉱物資源省は マルク州ブル県のワプサリット地域での地熱予備調査および探鉱 (WPSPE) 地域指定入札を実施する 入札情報は下記の通り 1. 予備調査および探鉱エリア (WPSPE) 名 : ワプサリット (Wapsalit) 2. WPSPE 場所 : マルク州ブル県 3. WPSPE エリア :6,038 ha 4. ポテンシャル :26 MWe 5. 提出期限 :2019 年 9 月 26 日 ~2019 年 10 月 25 日時間 : 午前 8 時 16:00 WIB 会場 :Sekretariat Panitia Pemilihan PSPE Panas Bumi Gedung Ditjen EBTKE lt.3 Jl. Pegangsaan Timur No. 1, Menteng Jakarta Pusat ( 出典 :9 月 26 日付新再生可能エネルギー 省エネルギー総局 (EBTKE) ホームページ ) 3. 世界銀行 地熱探鉱事業に 1 億 5,000 万米ドル ( 約 161 億 6,800 万円 ) の融資を承認 2019 年 9 月 28 日アンタラ通信 ( 世界銀行インドネシア 東ティモール代表ロドリゴ A シャベス (Rodrigo A Chaves) 氏 ) インドネシアで地熱発電事業を拡大する主な障害の 1 つである探査掘削へのリスク軽減のため 世界銀行の理事会は地熱探鉱事業に 1 億 5,000 万米ドル ( 約 161 億 6,800 万円 ) の融資を承認した 世界銀行インドネシア 東ティモール代表のロドリゴ A チャベス氏は 地熱発電事業を拡大する主な障害の 1 つである探査 掘削資金を克服することにより この国の巨大な地熱ポテンシャルを十分に活用できると述べた この融資は 地熱資源リスク軽減 (GREM:Geothermal

3 Resource Risk Mitigation ) プロジェクト の一環 探鉱事業への融資を行うことで 再生可能エネルギーの開発促進を図る また 世界銀行は インドネシアの経済成長 雇用創出 繁栄の基盤として電力への普遍的なアクセスを達成できるよう支援することにコミットしていると付け加えた インドネシア エネルギー鉱物資源省スティヤストト (FX Sutijastoto)EBTKE 総局長は 地熱発電プロジェクトは 特に探査 掘削段階で高いリスクのある投資であり この初期段階で資金を提供し リスクを共有する GREM プロジェクトを歓迎すると述べた クリーンで再生可能なエネルギー源であり 継続的に電力を供給することができる地熱発電は インドネシアの石炭や他の化石燃料への依存を軽減することが可能 また 2025 年までの政府目標である再生可能エネルギーの割合を 23% に引き上げる電源構成比率を達成するには 約 7% または 7,000 MW に相当する地熱開発からの貢献が必要であり それには 350 億米ドル規模の投資が必要となる インドネシアは原油の純輸入国であり 全国の総電力容量のうち 88% が化石燃料に由来し 12% が再生可能エネルギーに由来している 地熱発電は既に 1.9GW 発電されており 政府の再生可能エネルギー目標を達成するために さらに 4.6GW の発電開発を計画している ( 出典 :9 月 28 日付アンタラ通信 )

4 IIGCE2019_ エネルギー鉱物資源副大臣によるプレゼン資料

5 KEMENTERIAN ENERGI DAN SUMBER DAYA MINERAL DIREKTORAT JENDERAL ENERGI BARU TERBARUKAN DAN KONSERVASI ENERGI ERGI GEOTHERMAL AS A CLEAN AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCE IN THE ENERGY MIX Vice Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources The 7 th Indonesia Internasional Geothermal Convention & Exhibition Jakarta, 13 th August 2019

6 CURRENT CONDITION Renewable energy capacity shall be increased Energy access should be distributed to elevate electrification ratio so it can reach to the people in good quality and reliable Energy price is needed to be affordable for low income people and to be economic viable for midhigh income people IDR IDR IDR Energy supply is still dominated by fossil energy 03 EBT Fosil NRE MW % NRE Potential = % NRE Efficent Inefficient The Indonesia s commitment on climate change (Paris Agreement) Inefficient energy consumption in demand side Abundant resources of renewable energy but low utilization 2

7 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY CONTRIBUTION TO THE TOTAL POWER PLANT IN INDONESIA 2018 Coal PP (34,431 MW) 55% Installed capacity of power plant by fuel 9% Hydro PP (5,733 MW) 3% Geothermal PP (1,948.5 MW) 1% Other NRE (390.1 MW) 6% Diesel PP (4,022 MW) Fossil Fuel 87.2% 26% Gas PP (16,458 MW) Green Power 12.8% 3

8 Resources ACHIEVEMENT OF GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT IN ,386.5 MW Geological Agency, Dec 2018 Geothermal Working Areas (GWA) 64 GWA & 13 PSPE Areas 19 Existing GWA 45 New GWA 13 PSPE Areas Investment USD Billion (2018) 100% from 2018 target (USD 1,214 M) Regulation Law 21/2014 Geothermal GR 7/2017 Geothermal for Indirect-uses MEMR No. 21/2017 Mud Wastes & Drilling Cutting Management MEMR No.23/2017 Production Bonus MEMR No. 36/2017 PSP & PSPE MEMR No. 37/2017 GWA MEMR No.33/2018 Data & Information MEMR No.37 /2018 Geothermal Licensing Electricity Production GWh (2018) 106,24% from 2018 target ( GWh) Steam Production Million Tons (2018) % from 2018 target (97.84 million Tons) Installed Capacity 1,948.5 MW 13 GPP from 11 GWA 6,8% from total resources Non-tax State Revenue Rp 2.28 Trillion (2018) % from 2018 Target Rp 700 Billion

9 5

10 National Commitment in Global Climate Change The GOI also committed to participate on global sustainable action as pledged by President Joko Widodo, at the 21st COP 2015 in Paris, known as Paris Agreement that is committed : To reduce greenhouse gas emission in 2030 to 29% on its own efforts. With International support, the reduction of greenhouse gas emission is targeted up to 41%. President of The Republic of Indonesia: Emition mitigation in energy sector conducted in several ways: Switch fuel subsidy into productive sector; Enhancement of renewable energy use about 23% of total national energy consumption by 2025; Generating Power from Waste (Waste-toenergy consept). 6

11 RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN ENERGY MIX 2025 Geothermal 3% 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 13%*) 13%*) 13%*) 13%*) 3% Impor (75%) 3% 38% 35% 33-34% 28-32% Produksi DN(25%) 23% Electricity 2-5% Non Electricity 3% 0% BPPT Outlook B-30 = NRE B30 + Green Biofuel 2025 B30 + Green Biofuel+ Bioenergy PP Gas Coal Oil Biodiesel Greenfuel Bioenergy PP NRE *) Note: International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) Projection of Renewable Penetration in Energy Mix 2025 = 15% 7

12 ELECTRIFICATION RATIO 2018 The Achievement for national electrification ratio until Q has reach 98.3% *, with the composition as follows: PLN 95.45%; Non-PLN 2.48%; and LTSHE 0.37%. Note: > < 50 East Nusa Tenggara 61.90% SUMATRA 1 Aceh North Sumatra West Sumatra Riau Riau Islands Jambi Bengkulu South Sumatra Lampung Babel JAVA-BALI-NUSRA 11 Banten Jakarta West Java Central Java Yogyakarta East Java Bali West Nusa Tenggara 89,10 19 East Nusa Tenggara KALIMANTAN 20 West Kalimantan Central Kalimantan South Kalimantan East Kalimantan North Kalimantan SULAWESI 25 South Sulawesi Southeast Sulawesi 27 West Sulawesi Central Sulawesi Gorontalo North Sulawesi MALUKU & PAPUA 31 Maluku North Maluku West Papua Papua *) unaudited Electrification Ratio [%] Achievement Target Realization Q ,

13 GEOTHERMAL POTENCY IN INDONESIA No Island Num. of Location Potential Energy (MW) Reserves Speculative Hypothetic Possible Probable Proven Total Installed Capacity (MW) 1 Sumatera Jawa Bali Nusa Tenggara ,5 12,5 5 Kalimantan Sulawesi Maluku Papua Total , , , , ,5 Badan Geologi Kementerian ESDM,

14 TARGET KAPASITAS Targeted Capacity (MW) Installed Capacity per 2018 : 1,948.5 MW Plan of additional installed capacity in 2019 is 185 MW including: 1. Lumut Balai PP Unit 1 (55 MW) 2. Sorik Marapi Modullar PP Unit 1 (45 MW) 3. Muaralaboh PP Unit 1 (80 MW) 4. Sokoria PP Unit 1 (5 MW) Indonesia is the 2nd largest geothermal producer after surpassed Phillipines in 2018 Indonesia will be the 1st largest geothermal producer after surpassed US in 2024* Tambahan Kapasitas (MW) Installed Capacity Additional Capacity Targeted Capacity * Assumption: if the capacity of Philippines (1,870 MW) and US (3,450 MW) are not increased

15 GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN ROAD MAP Based on Development Progress a. Existing (on going, PPA) : 61 Projects on 29 GWA MW b. Pipeline (in RUPTL, non PPA) : 52 Projects on 34 GWA/WPSPE MW c. Resources (non RUPTL): 107 Projects MW - 60 projects on 32 GWA MW - 23 projects on 13 WPSPE 875 MW - 24 projects on 22 Open Area 685 MW Based on COD a. Short Term : 48 Projects 1.522,5 MW b. Medium Term : 126 Projects MW c. Long Term : 46 Project s MW Geothermal Development : MW Installed Capacity : 1.948,5 MW PROJECTS Plan of Dev Until ,5 MW Based on resources a. High Temp > 225 C : 168 Projects 6.896,5 MW b. Medium Temp 125 C C : 52 Projects MW

16 PROJECT LIST OF SMALL SCALE GEOTHERMAL PP ROAD MAP No. Geothermal PP Developer Capacity(MW) acity( Year Remaks 1 Sokoria #1 PT Sokoria Geothermal Indonesia Exploitation 2 Sokoria #2 PT Sokoria Geothermal Indonesia Sokoria #3 PT Sokoria Geothermal Indonesia Jaboi #1 PT Sabang Geothermal Energy Exploration 5 Dieng Small Scale PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) Exploitation 6 Tulehu #1 PT PLN (Persero) Exploitation 7 Tulehu #2 PT PLN (Persero) Sokoria #4 PT Sokoria Geothermal Indonesia Exploitation 9 Jaboi #2 PT Sabang Geothermal Energy Exploration 10 Sokoria #5 PT Sokoria Geothermal Indonesia Exploitation 11 Ulubelu Small Scale PT PGE Exploitation 12 Lahendong Small Scale #1 PT PGE Exploitation 13 Lumut Balai Small Scale PT PGE Exploitation 14 Lahendong Small Scale #2 PT PGE Exploitation 15 Hululais small scale #1 PT PGE Exploitation 12

17 PROJECT LIST GEOTHERMAL PP (SMALL SCALE) ROAD MAP No. Geothermal PP Developer er Capacity(MW) Year Remaks 16 Kamojang Small-scale#1 PT PGE Exploitation 17 Kamojang Small-scale#2 PT PGE Exploitation 18 Sungai Penuh small scale PT PGE Exploitation 19 Lahendong Small Scale #3 PT PGE Exploitation 20 Atadei #1 PT PLN (Persero) Exploration 21 Sokoria #6 PT Sokoria Geothermal Indonesia Exploitation 22 Gn. Sirung PT PLN (Persero) Exploration 23 Wapsalit Exploration 24 Atadei #2 PT PLN (Persero) Exploration TOTAL 153,5 13

18 BINARY PROJECT LIST ON ROAD MAP No. PLTP Pengembang Kapasitas (MW) Tahun 1 Dieng Binary #1 PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) Salak Binary Star Energy Geothermal Salak (SEGS), Ltd Dieng Binary #3 PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) Dieng Binary #2 PT Geo Dipa Energi (Persero) Lahendong Binary #2 PT PGE Lahendong Binary #3 PT PGE Lahendong Binary PT PGE TOTAL 75 14

19 GEOTHERMAL BUSINESS SCHEME BASED ON GOVERNMENT REGULATION 7/2017 PSA or PSA+E by Private GWA Enactment PS or PS + E by Government GWA s Tender: Open Tender (Surveyed by Government) Limited Tender (Surveyed by Private) Assignment to Stated- Owned Companies GL Issued (IPB) Exploration: Years FS EBL Issued (IUPTL) Assignment to PT.PLN to purchase PPA 30 Years Production Assignment to Public Service Agencies Not to be developed, Not economically viable PS= Preliminary Survey PS + E = Preliminary Survey + Exploration GL = Geothermal License EBL = Electrical Business License PPA = Power Purchasing Agreement PSA = Preliminary Survey Assignment PSA + E = Preliminary Survey Assignment + Exploration GWA = Geothermal Working Area FS = Feasibility Study

20 BENEFITS OF GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT Reliable / High Availability Factor Geo PP % Coal PP % Hydro PP 50 % Solar PP 20 % Wind PP 40 % Postive impact to national economy - Local infrastructure - Increase of Non- Tax State Revenue Sustainable energy Ladarello 1911 New Zealand 1958 Indonesia 1983 Geothermal Energy Benefits Resistance to inflation Stable tariff fixed price Low-carbon emission - 1/7 from Gas PP - 1/15 from Coal PP Renewable Energy - No fuel required 16

21 CHALLENGES IN GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT Geothermal Location Within Forestry Area Cost Efficiency Funding Social Matters Issue Uncertainty of Resources 17

22 STRATEGY FOR GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT 1. Optimizing existing geothermal fields using binary and well head power plants as RUPTL; 2. Creating Market Demand - Flores Geothermal Island - Synergizing State-owned Enterprises in geothermal developments - Developing industrial areas based on renewable energy resources (Halmahera Cluster and Bacan Cluster) 3. Easy access for competitive funding; 4. Simplification of Permits and Regulation; - Easy Licensing; - Implementation of online licensing; - Improving quality of data and information; - Implementation of monitoring and evaluation and problem solving facilitation for geothermal projects; - Improving Human Resources; 5. Synergizing inter governmental bodies and stakeholders 18

23 FLORES GEOTHERMAL ISLAND Flores as Geothermal Island was determined by the Minister of MEMR Regulation No K/30/MEM/ Locations Resource : MW 1. Ulumbu: 86 MWe 2. Wai Pesi: 54 MW 3. Wae Sano: 151 MWe (The first project of Government Drilling) 4. Mapos: 50 MWe 5. Rana Masak: 20 MWe 6. Rana Kulan: 7.5 MWe 7. Ulagalung: 5 MWe Reserves : 527 MW 16. Oka Ile Ange: 50 MWe 17. Oyang Barang: 37 MWe Nage : 30 MWe (New prospect for the next Government Drilling) 8. Gou-inelika: 37 MWe 9. Mataloko: 52.5 MWe (Location of direct use program) 10. Mangeruda: 5 MWe (Location for micro-binary program) 11. Komandaru: 11 MWe 12. Ndetusoko: 10 MWe 13. Sokoria: 80 MWe 14. Jopu: 5 MWe 15. Lesugolo: 45 MWe ebtke.esdm.go.id djebtke_kesdm Lintas 19

24 GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT FUNDING BREAKTHROUGH 1 Government Drilling Programme Fund 1. Derisking Facility for exploration risk through adding data and information to the GWA with geothermal drilling 2. To fund the Government Drilling program, the Government received a grant from the Clean Technology Fund (CTF) of USD 49 million, and in accordance with the agreement the proportion of financing between PT SMI (Persero) and CTF was 50% -50%, so PT SMI allocated PISP funds amounting to USD 49 million to be used as matching funds 2 Geothermal Infrastructure Development Fund (PISP) Facility for financing Exploration and Exploitation activities and geothermal projects development by SOEs for indirect geothermal (electricity) use using Geothermal Sector Infrastructure Financing (PISP) funds 3 1. GREM is a soft financing scheme from the World Bank (WB) as well as a loan (converted grant) from the Climate Fund (GCF / CTF) which is lent to Geothermal Resource Risk Mitigation Project (GREM) developers through PT SMI which acts as an Implementing Agency 2. The interest offered from the World Bank is around <5% (Commercial Interest <7%, USD) 20

25 GEOTHERMAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT FUND (PISP) Legal basis: In 2017 PMK Number 62 / PMK.08 / 2017 was issued concerning the Management of Geothermal Sector Infrastructure Financing Funds in the Company (Persero) of PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (PT SMI) PISP purposes: - Funding of Exploration and Exploitation activities as well as geothermal project development by SOEs or PKUK holders for indirect geothermal use (becoming electricity); and - Provision / addition of Geothermal Data and Information for Geothermal Working Areas preparation, which are carried out by PT SMI based on a special assignment from the Minister of Finance proposed by the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources or the Managing Director of BUMN / a BUMN subsidiary in Geothermal or Government Drilling. The use of PISP for Candradimuka field exploration at PT. Geo Dipa 21

26 PISP FOR FUNDING CANDRADIMUKA PROJECT DEVELOPMENT 1) PT SMI is exploring the use of PISP funds to fund exploration activities by SOEs, namely PT Geo Dipa and PT PLN (Persero) 2) The Chandradimuka Prospect Area is one of the prospects within the Dieng Plateau GWA managed by PT GDE (Persero) 3) The investment costs for developing Chandradimuka's geothermal prospect are estimated at around USD 4.7 million per MW, with funding sources for the exploration phase using the Geothermal Sector Infrastructure Financing (PISP) fund managed by PT SMI, and for the exploitation phase using funds from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). 4) In order to propose the use of PISP funds by PT GDE (Persero) to PT SMI, certainty is needed from PT PLN (Persero) for the purchase of electricity that will be generated from the Candradimuka Area. 22

27 SOE DRILLING SCHEME Sumber : PT SMI 23

28 GREM PROGRAM - WORLD BANK Overview of GREM program: 1. The biggest risk in geothermal development is at the stage of exploration activities so commercial banks are reluctant to provide funding for exploration activities and usually funding is given after exploration activities are completed. Biggest risk on geothermal development at the exploration phase 2. To minimize this risk, this GREM program breakthrough was designed. 3. GREM is a soft loan scheme from world banks that can be accessed by private or state-owned investors. 4. The GREM facility has the following benefits: a. Being a derisking facility that is not available in the market because there are no financial institutions that provide funding facilities for exploration b. If developers use GREM loan funds, they will be more competitive than they use equity for exploration financing c. There is a loan forgiveness facility of up to 50% which can ease the burden of the developer to return the facility if the exploration fails 5. GREM funds will be distribute through the bluebook and will be managed by PT SMI. Advantages: 1. Developers can get loans from GREM from the start of the project. 2. Lower interest rates. 3. If a failure occurs, the mechanism is partly replaced. Weakness: 1. This mechanism has never been applied in other countries. 2. Funds cannot be rolled 3. Detailed discussions are still needed between WB and SMI 24

29 Thank You 25

30 11 WKP 22 WKP On Operation 1.948,5 MW Expantion Plan MW Sibayak (12 MW) / - Ulubelu (220 MW) / (40 MW) Cibeureum-Parabakti (377 MW) / (70 MW) Pangalengan (282 MW) / (170 MW) Kamojang-Darajat (505 MW) / (55 MW) Dieng (60 MW) / (265 MW) Lahendong-Tompaso (120 MW) / (65 MW) Ulumbu (10 MW) / (40 MW) Mataloko (2,5 MW) / (20 MW) Sibual-Buali (330 MW) / (260 MW) Karaha Cakarabuana (30 MW) / (20 MW) 9 WKP Development Plan (Exploration) MW Arjuno Welirang (185 MW) Atadei (10 MW) Baturaden (220 MW) Blawan Ijen (110 MW) Candi Umbul Telomoyo (55 MW) Danau Ranau (40 MW) Gn. Lawu (110 MW) Gn. Rajabasa (220 MW) Gn. Sirung (5 MW) Gn. Talang- Bukit Kili (20 MW) Gn. Tangkuban Perahu (60 MW) Gn. Ungaran (55 MW) Jaboi Kaldera Danau Banten Kepahiang Oka-Ile Ange Seulawah Agam Sokoria Songa Wayaua Telaga Ngebel Way Ratai Development Plan (Exploitation MW Sungai Penuh (110 MW) Lumut Balai (220 MW) Hululais (165 MW) Cibuni (10 MW) Tabanan (65 MW) Tulehu (7 MW) Muaralaboh (220 MW) Rantau Dedap (220 MW) Sorik Marapi (240 MW) (10 MW) (110 MW) (110 MW) (10 MW) (55 MW) (30 MW) (10 MW) (165 MW) (55 MW) 13 WPSPE Area prsopek lainnya Development Plan MW (2030) 22 WKP Development Plan 555 MW Gn. Hamiding Graho Nyabu Sekincau Selatan Simbolon Samosir Tanjung Sakti Huú Daha Geureudong Cubadak Pentadio Klabat Wineru Bonjol Tandikat Singgalang Lawang Malintang GWA Offering and Government Drilling Development Plan 945 MW (100 MW) (110 MW) (90 MW) (50MW) (20 MW) (20 MW) (50 MW) (20 MW) (5 MW) (10 MW) (40 MW) (20 MW) (20 MW) Other prospect area : Optimalization Existing Area and Open Area MW

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