II 2 Schumpeter 1994 :827 History of Economic Analysis Walras, L.1988 :5 J.B

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1 I 1 Kayoko Misaki / Léon Walras, = Elément d économie politique pure C / No.384

2 II 2 Schumpeter 1994 :827 History of Economic Analysis Walras, L.1988 :5 J.B

3 Schumpeter 1994 : Schumpeter 1994 :828 A.N. Isnard, Schumpeter 1994 : / No.384

4 J.B Schumpeter 1994 : Physiocratie Walras, L. 1988:

5 2 3 A.N.Isnard, Traité des richesse 1781 Jaffé Walras, L.1993 :613 5 De l abolition de l impôt Bibliographie des ouvrages relatif à l application des mathématiques à l économie politique 5 Van den Berg Walras, A / No.384

6 3 J.B. 7 8 Traité d économie politique

7 Laissez faire laissez passer. Walras, L : Walras, L : Laissez faire laissez passer / No.384

8 Walras, L III vs vs 11 J.S J.B. Walras, L : Ekelund Walras, A :

9 Walras, L : J.S. 36 = Walras, L :597 Morishima J.S Morishima Discours d installation en qualité de professeur ordinaire d économie politique à l Académie de Lausanne, prononcé le 20 octobre / No.384

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10 Walras, L : Walras, L :

11 IV Histoire des doctrines économiques, depuis les physiocrates jusqu à nos jours La Gazette de Lausanne Charles Gide, l économie politique et sociale l économie poliqique Doctrines Economiques, La Gazette de Lausanne, le 6 janvier J.B. Economics / No.384

économie politique et sociale l économie poliqique 1871 1872 1874-77 16

12 Walras, L :516 3 l économie politique pure l économie politique appliquée l économie sociale 17 Walras, L : Ekelund,R.B.Jr. & R.F. Hébert (2002) / Retrospectives ;The Origins Neoclassical Microeconomics / Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol.16, No.3. 2 Isnard, A.N. (1781) / Traité des richesse / Lausanne / François Grasset et comp. Imprimeurs &libraires. ( 3 Jaffé, W. (ed.) (1965) / Correspondence of Léon Walras and related papers, 3 vols / Amsterdam / North- Holland Publishing Company. 4 Jaffé, W. (1969) / A. N. Isnard, Progenitor of the Walrasian General Equilibirium Model / History of Political Economy, 1, Spring, in Walker, D.A.(ed.)(1983) / William, Jaffé s Essays on Walras / Cambridge, New York, Melbourne / Cambridge University Press. 5 McCulloch, J.R.(1845) / The Literature of Political Economy / A Classified Catalogue of Select Publications in the Different Department of That Science with Historical, Critical, and Biographical Notices / Reprint of Economics Classics / New York / Augustus M.Kelly, vol Morishima, M. (1977) / Walras s Economics; A Pure Theory of Capital and Money / Cambridge / Cambridge University Press. / Robertson, R.M. (1949) / Mathematical Economics before Cournot / The Journal of Political Economy, vol.l 11 Salvat, C. (2004) / «L ambivalence de la référence physiocratique chez Walras» / in Branzini, R. et al (eds.) / L Études Walrassiennes / Paris / L Harmattan. 071

Hébert (2002) / Retrospectives ;The Origins Neoclassical Microeconomics / Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol.16, No.3. 2 Isnard, A.N. (1781) / Traité des richesse / Lausanne / François Grasset et comp.

13 12 Schumpeter, J.A. (1994) / History of Economics Analysis, with a new introduction by Mark Perlman / New York / Oxford University Press. 13 Theocharis, R.D. (1983) / Early Developments in mathematical economics, the second edition / Philadelphia / Porcupine Press. 14 Van den Berg, R. (2006) / At the Origins of Mathematical Economics: The Economics of A.N.Isnard ( ) / London &New York / Routledge. 15 Walras, A. (1990) / Richesse, liberté et société, (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dock s et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 16 Walras, A. (1997) / La vérité sociale, (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 17 Walras, A. (2005) / Correspondance, (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 18 Walras, L. (1987) / Mélanges d économie politique et sociale (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 19 Walras, L. (1988) / Eléments d économie politique pure, ou théorie de la richesse sociale (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 20 Walras, L. (1990a) / Etudes d économie sociale : théorie de la répartition de la richesse sociale (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed / Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 21 Walras, L.(1990b) / Les associations populaires coopratives (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 22 Walras, L. (1992) / Etudes d économie politique appliquée : théorie de la production de la richesse sociale (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 23 Walras, L.(1993) / Théorie mathématique de la richesse sociale et autres écrits d économie pure (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al,t. ) / Paris / Economica. 24 Walras,L.(1996) / Cours (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 25 Walras, L. (2000) / Œuvres Diverses (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 26 Walras, L. (2001) / L économie politique et la justice, (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica. 27 Walras, L. (2005) / Tables et Index, (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dockès et al, t. ) / Paris / Economica / No.384

Isnard (1748-1803) / London &New York / Routledge. 15 Walras, A. (1990) / Richesse, liberté et société, (Auguste et Léon Walras, œuvres économiques complètes, ed. Pierre Dock s et al, t.

14 Léon Walras s Perspective on the History of Economic Thought The Origins of His Pure, Social and Applied Economics Kayoko Misaki This paper aims to show how Walras studied ideas of the past economists and interpreted the history of economic thought in constructing his theories of pure, social and applied economics. It is clear that, unlike Schumpeter, Walras did not regard the history of economic thought only as the formation process of general equilibrium theory. From younger days, he devoted a lot of energies to studying many economists and socialists ideas from the perspective which is not limited to pure economic theory. Although many studies have been made on the origins of Walras s pure theory, little attention has been given to this point. In addition, unlike the cases of Marx and of Keynes, Walras own perspective on the history of economic thought, especially how he himself absorbed the classical economics, has been strangely neglected. When scholars compare Walras s pure model with classical analysis, their arguments are often based on the modern distinction between Classical and Neoclassical schools and they concentrate their attentions on British classical school. Indeed Walras refers to J. S. Mill and Ricard in his Elements, but we can t find their influence in the formation process of his economics. We must pay attention to the fact that Walras was much inspired by French classical economists including Physiocrates both in theory and in policy. It must be also noted that Walras s explanation of the classical economics is rather different from our contemporary one. All these things will lead us to understand the significance of Walras s pure, social and applied economics more profoundly. It will also help us to clarify the meaning of studying the history of economic thought for the great economists as well as one aspect of the diffusion process of other countries economic ideas in France in the 19 th century. Léon Walras s Perspective on the History of Economic Thought Kayoko Misaki 073

It is clear that, unlike Schumpeter, Walras did not regard the history of economic thought only as the formation process of general equilibrium theory.

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