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1 Wikipedia Learning a Large Scale of Ontology from Japanese Wikipedia Susumu Tamagawa Shinya Sakurai Takuya Tejima Takeshi Morita Noriaki Izumi Keio University s tamagawa@ae.keio.ac.jp National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Takahira Yamaguchi Keio University yamaguti@ae.keio.ac.jp, keywords: wikipedia, ontology, ontology learning Summary Here is discussed how to learn a large scale of ontology from Japanese Wikipedia. The learned ontology includes the following properties: rdfs:subclassof (IS-A relationship), rdf:type (class-instance relationship), owl:object/datatypeproperty (Infobox triple), rdfs:domain (property domain), and skos:altlabel (synonym). Experimental case studies show us that the learned Japanese Wikipedia Ontology goes better than already existing general linguistic ontologies, such as EDR and Japanese WordNet, from the points of building costs and structure information richness. 1. WordNet[Bond 09] [ 97] (Ontology Learning) [Buitelaar 05] Web Wikipedia [Nakayama 07] Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia [ 09] Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia
2 SP-C 2010 Is-a Wikipedia Infobox 1 Wikipedia Infobox Is-a ( Wikipedia ) 2 Wikipedia Wikipedia 6 2. Wikipedia DBpedia[Auer 07] Wikipedia RDF Wikipedia Infobox 170 YAGO[Fabian 07] Conceptual Category WordNet Conceptual Category Wikipedia American singers of German origin head singers BORNINYEAR LOCATEDIN Relation Is-a Ponzetto Wikipedia Is-a [Ponzetto 07] Syntax-based methods 1 Wikipedia Wikipedia Syntax-based methods Is-a Wikipedia [ 08, 09] Wikipedia Is-a Wikipedia [ 09] Is-a Wikipedia [ 09] Wikipedia - Light Weight Wikipedia Wikipedia [ 07, 08, 09] [ 09] Wikipedia [Nakayama 07] 3. Wikipedia Wikipedia 5 () ( Wikipedia ) () OWL 2 RDFS 3 RDF 4 SKOS 5 ( ) (1) Is-a (rdfs:subclassof) (2) - (rdf:type) (3) Infobox (owl:object/datatypeproperty) OWL: RDFS: RDF: SKOS:
3 Wikipedia 625 (4) rdfs:domain (5) (skos:altlabel) 3 1 Is-a Wikipedia Is-a Is-a Wikipedia 1,000 Is-a 50.9% 10.1% SONY Wikipedia Is-a Is-a 3 (1) (2) Infobox (3) 1 Is-a Is-a Is-a 1 Is-a [Ponzetto 07] 1 N Is-a Is-a Is-a N 2 Infobox Infobox Wikipedia Wikipedia Java Infobox Infobox Infobox Is-a (1) (4) (1) (2) (3) (4) Is-a
4 SP-C Infobox 3 Infobox Is-a 3 Infobox Is-a Is-a Is-aIs-a 4 Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Wikipedia 3 Wikipedia [ 09] Is-a Wikipedia Is-a Wikipedia Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a 4 Is-a Wikipedia (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (1) (6) 5 6
5 Wikipedia MediaWiki Infobox Infobox Infobox Wikipedia Infobox Wikipedia MediaWiki 6 Genere Infobox Genere 6 owl:objectproperty owl:datatypeproperty 2 (1) (4) (1) Infobox (2) Java Wikipedia API(Blikiengine) 6 HTML Infobox Infobox (3) 40 Infobox 7 Infobox (4) (3) (3) Infobox Wikipedia Infobox Infobox % Infobox 7 Infobox Infobox Infobox 7 Ruby Infobox Infobox Infobox
6 SP-C 2010 Infobox Is-a Infobox 21 Infobox Infobox Infobox StepMania Wikipedia ( ) Wikipedia 1 Is-a 2 Is-a Has-a Is-a Wikipedia (jawiki-latest-pages-articles.xml) 7 MySQL Java 4 1 Is-a 1 Is-a 91,316 7,971 4,587 12,558 Is-a 12,558 1,000 (1) 95% [ 87] (1) N n ˆp [ ˆp 1.96 (1 n N ) ˆp(1 ˆp) n 1, ˆp+1.96 (1 n N ) ˆp(1 ˆp) n 1 ](1) % 1 Is-a 2 Is-a 1 Is-a Is-a Wikipedia :
7 Wikipedia 629 Is-a 2 2 Wikipedia Is-a Has-a 2 4 Is-a Wikipedia Wikipedia 9 Is-a Is-a Wikipedia 9 Wikipedia 2 Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a 2 Infobox Is-a Wikipedia 889 Infobox 212,419 Infobox 3 Infobox Infobox Infobox 4 3,782 Is-a 216 Infobox 4 3 Wikipedia Infobox Infobox 14,366 Infobox Album 12,407 11,446 8,744 ActorActress 8,600 Infobox Infobox 91, ,782 Is-a Is-a [] [] 1 Infobox , ,468 Wikipedia 3 Is-a Infobox Is-a 5 Is-a 3 5 Is-a 1,000 (1) 95% % Is-a % Is-a 68.7%
8 SP-C Infobox Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a 38 Is-a 4 Wikipedia ( 64 ) Infobox ( 21 ) (3 ) Infobox Is-a Is-a Is-a 3 1,000 Is-a 7.2% Is-a Infobox Wikipedia Infobox Infobox Infobox Infobox 3 Is-a Wikipedia 10,124 83,288 Is-a Is-a 6,370 55,081 6 Is-a N 73,837 6 Is-a 7 Is-a 1,000 (1) 95% % Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a 1 1,000 95% % Is-a 7 Wikipedia 8 Is-a
9 Wikipedia Is-a Is-a 1 9 JR 1000 Java Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Is-a Wikipedia 8, ,024 2, ,989 1,000 (1) 95% % ,658 2,854 2,321 Wikipedia 9 10 :en:michif language () Is-a 3,180 2, Wikipedia ( ) Is-a 4 3 Infobox Wikipedia 212,419 Infobox 889 Infobox 3 3 1,203,404 Infobox Infobox 6, Infobox 11 Infobox owl:objectproperty 3 3 owl:datatypeproperty owl:datatypeproperty Infobox Album Single 6, Infobox 30,061 owl:objectproperty 29,697 owl:objectproperty 26,785 owl:datatypeproperty 24,771 owl:objectproperty 24,516 owl:objectproperty
10 SP-C 2010 Infobox 174 owl:objectproperty owl:datatypeproperty 174 Infobox 834, % Infobox Infobox 1,000 (1) 95% % Infobox 98.6% URL SONY Moxley and Company State Street Bank and Trust Company 3 Infobox 2004 / , ,367 6,995 Infobox 9,367 9,367 1,000 (1) 95% 95% % Infobox 40 Infobox Infobox Infobox Infobox Infobox 1.65 Infobox Infobox Infobox Infobox Infobox Infobox Infobox software StepMania Infobox Infobox StepMania PC Linux Macintosh Windows Linux Macintosh Windows software infobox infobox infobox infobox infobox infobox infobox infobox infobox infobox infobox Is-a
11 Wikipedia UN SOCOM Is-a Is-a L5/30 Has-a Has-a 4 5 Wikipedia 313, ,733 81,938 87, , ,000 (1) 95% % 13 Is-a Has-a - Is-a Wikipedia HELP 5. Wikipedia Wikipedia 5 1 Wikipedia 14 Wikipedia 15 Wikipedia Is-a - Infobox 95% 14 Wikipedia (owl:class) (owl:object/datatypeproperty) 87,159 6, , ,159 93,322 Is-a Is-a 83,000 Is-a 72%Is-a Is-a 16,000 90% Is-a Is-a 421, , % Wikipedia 64 6,995 9,367 95% Infobox % Wikipedia Wikipedia WordNet WordNet WordNet Wikipedia 16 Wikipedia 16 Wiki Wikipedia W WordNet N Path Wikipedia 16 Wikipedia Wikipedia 16 Wikipedia
12 SP-C Wikipedia Is-a 93, % Is-a 12, % (rdfs:subclassof) Infobox 3, % 83, % (rdf:type) 421, % Infobox 1,203, % (rdfs:domain) 9, % (skos:altlabel) 106, % 1,834,753 - Wikipedia 9 7,211 65, , Wikipedia 16 Ont Path Wiki W ( ) N Wiki () W N Wiki W () N [ 09] Is-a [ 09] Is-a 2 Wikipedia 5 Is-a [ 09] Wikipedia % [ 09] Is-a Is-a 5 4 Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Infobox Wikipedia Wikipedia
13 Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Wikipedia Is-a Wikipedia 64 Wikipedia Fei [Fei 08] owl:objectproperty owl:datatypeproperty owl:objectproperty WordNet Wikipedia SourceForge.jp 8 [ 08],, :,, 2008-NL-187, pp (2008) [Miller 95] G.A.Miller: WordNet: A Lexical Database for English, ACM, Vol.38, No.11, pp (1995) [Nakayama 07] Nakayama, K., Hara, T. and Nishio, S.: Wikipedia Mining for an Association Web Thesaurus Construction, in Proceedings of International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, pp (2007) [ 09],, Erdmann, M.,,,, Wikipedia,, Vol. 24, No. 6, pp (2009) [Ponzetto 07] Simone Paolo Ponzetto,Michael Strube: Deriving a Large Scale Taxonomy from Wikipedia Proceedings of national conference on Artificial intelligence, pp (2007) [ 08],,,,, : Wikipedia, Web, SIG-SWO-A (2008) [ 09],,,, : Wikipedia, 23, 2G1-NFC5-1 (2009) [ 09],, : Wikipedia,, NL194-4 (2009) [ 09],, : Wikipedia,, Vol.16, No.3, pp (2009) [ 07],,, : Wikipedia Folksonomy, 21, 1D2-5 (2007) [ 87] :, (1987) [Yokoi 95] T. Yokoi: The EDR Electronic Dictionary, Commun. ACM, Vol. 38, No. 11, pp (1995) [Auer 07] Soren Auer, Christian Bizer, Georgi Kobilarov, Jens Lehmann, Richard Cyganiak, Zachary Ives: DBpedia: A Nucleus for a Web of Open Data, 6th International Semantic Web Conference, Vol. 4825, pp (2007) [Bond 09] Francis Bond, Hitoshi Isahara, Sanae Fujita, Kiyotaka Uchimoto, Takayuki Kuribayashi and Kyoko Kanzaki: Enhancing the Japanese WordNet, 7th Workshop on Asian Language Resources, pp. 1-8 (2009) [Buitelaar 05] Paul Buitelaar, Philipp Cimiano, Bernardo Magnini (Eds.) Ontology Learning from Text: Methods, Evaluation and Applications, Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications Series, Vol. 123, IOS Press (2005) [Fabian 07] Fabian M.Suchanek,Gjergji Kasneci,Gerhard Weikum: Yago: a core of semantic knowledge Proceedings of the 16th international conference on World Wide Web, pp (2007) [Fei 08] Fei Wu, Daniel S. Weld : Automatically Refining the Wikipedia Infobox Ontology, International World Wide Web Conference 2008, pp (2008) [ 97],,,,,,, :, (1997) 8
14 SP-C (DC2) (PD) Web Web Web AAAI IEEE-CS
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504 26 4 SP-C 2011 2010 Wikipedia Building up Ontologies with Many Properties from Japanese Wikipedia Susumu Tamagawa Takeshi Morita Keio University s tamagawa@ae.keio.ac.jp Aoyama Gakuin University Takahira
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