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1 112, , CASE STUDY Jun NAKAJIMA, Katsuhisa EGUCHI, Ryutei INUI, Takashi NISHIDA, Masaya NAKATANI, Norio ONIKURA, and Shin OIKAWA: Inhabitation of an artificial backwater zone wando-poolin the estuarine basin of the Kitagawa River, southern Kyushu, by fish, crabs, and insects. Ecol. Civil Eng. 112, , Fishery Research Laboratory, Kyushu University, Tsuyazaki 2506, Fukutsu, Fukuoka, Japan Abstract: We surveyed fish fauna from 2001 to 2006, and crab and insect fauna in 2006 in an artificial wando-pool in the Kitagawa River, Gokasegawa River System, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. The artificial pool is located 4km upstream of the river mouth, and it is 50m in width, 400m in length, and average of 1.5m in depth. This pool was constructed in 2001 to replace the natural wando-pool lost that was due to river improvement. In this survey, we recorded 72 fishes, 12 crabs, and 7 insects. The number of fish species captured in the artificial pool was almost identical to that in the earlier natural pool. In addition, various species of fishes, crabs, and insects were captured in the tidal flat and the Zostera japonica vegetation zone present along the waterfront of the pool. These results indicate that the species diversity in the artificial pool is identical to that in the natural pool, and this species diversity was maintained despite the diversified environments at the waterfront. In addition, this artificial pool also varied in other aspects and exhibited roughness of the bottom, substantial differences in water depth and salinity, and formation of a halocline. We assume that the diversified environment of not only the waterfront but also other places contributed to maintenance of the species diversity in this artificial pool. Key words: spontaneous regeneration, river ecosystem, blackish water, biodiversity, endangered species cyprin@kyudai.jp Halyk & Balon 1983

2 , 2008 km km km Fig.A mm TPcm m Fig.B Fig.1.Location of the survey site Aand detailed survey points Bin the Kitagawa River, southern Kyushu, Japan A B

3 185 Fig.A m abc Fig.B abc m TPcmTPcm c d Fig.B cm d SCT Model30M, YSINanotech Inc. mm m mm cm cmmm Fig.2.Photograph of the artificial wando-pool Aand tidal falt formed in the closed-off section of bay B AB

4 , 2008 Fig. a b c Fig.BZostera japonica Fig. m Fig. Fig. Fig. Table Gymnogobius scrobiculatus IB Lates Fig.3.Annual changes of water depth at each measured points see Fig.1Bin the artificial wando-pool Fig.B japonicusleucopsarion petersii Fig. Table a Uca arcuata Deiratonotus japonicus Chiromantes dehaanisesarmops intermedium Helice tridens tridensilyoplax pusilla Eriocheir japonicus Ptychognathus ishii Hemigrapsus penicillatus Table b Callytron inspeculare Yoshitomi & Nakajima 2005Horelophopsis hanseninomura 1998 Prosthecarthron sauteri

5 187 Fig.4.Seasonal changes of salinity in artificial wando-pool and main stream of the Kitagawa River in May, 2005, September, 2005, and January, 2006 Fig.5.Seasonal changes of water temperature in artificial wando-pool and main stream of the Kitagawa River in May, 2005, September, 2005, and January, 2006

6 , 2008 Table1.A list of the fish collected in the artificial wando-pool inthe Kitagawa River. No. Scientific Name Japanese Name Year Elopidae 1 Elops hawaiensis Megalopidae 2 Megalops cyprinoides Anguillidae 3 Anguilla japonica Clupeidae 4 Konosirus punctatus Engraulidae 5 Engraulis japonicus Cyprinidae 6 Opsariichthys uncirostris uncirostris 7 Zacco temmincki 8 Z. ptatypus 9 Tribolodon hakonensis Plotosidae 10 Plotosus lineatus Osmeridae 11 Hypomesus nipponensis Plecoglossidae 12 Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis Syngnathidae 13 Urocampus nanus 14 Hippichthys penicillus Mugilidae 15 Mugil cephalus cephalus 16 Chelon affinis 17 C. haematocheilus 18 C. macrolepis 19 Moolgarba perusii Hemiramphidae 20 Hyporhamphus sajori Platycephalidae 21 Platycephalus sp.2 Cottidae 22 Cottus kazika Latidae 23 Lates japonicus Moronidae 24 Lateolabrax latus 25 Lateolabrax japonicus Carangidae 26 Scomberoides commersonianus 27 S. tol 28 Caranx melampygus 29 C. sexfasciatus 30 C. papuensis 31 C. ignobilis Leiognathidae 32 Leiognathus nuchalis Karaiwashi Isegoi Unagi Konoshiro Katakuchi-iwashi Hasu Kawamutsu Oikawa Ugui Gonzui Wakasagi Ayu Okuyouji Ganten-ishiyouji Bora Sesujibora Menada Kobora Nanyoubora Sayori Magochi Kamakiri Akame Hirasuzuki Suzuki Ikekatsuo Minami-ikekatsuo Kasumiaji Gingameaji Onihiraaji Ronin-aji Hiiragi

7 189 No. Scientific Name Japanese Name Year Lutjanidae 33 Lutjanus argentimaculatus 34 L. russelii Gerreidae 35 Gerres equulus 36 G. japonicus 37 G. microphthalmus Sparidae 38 Sparus sarba 39 Acanthopagrus schlegelii 40 A. latus 41 A. sivicolus Teraponidae 42 Terapon jarbua 43 Rhyncopelates oxyrhynchus Kuhliidae 44 Kuhlia marginata Eleotridae 45 Eleotris acanthopoma 46 E. melanosoma Gobiidae 47 Periophthalmus modestus 48 Taenioides cirratus 49 Sicyopterus japonicus 50 Stiphodon percnopterygionus 51 Leucopsarion petersii 52 Luciogobius guttatus 53 Callogobious tanegasimae 54 Gymnogobius petschiliensis 55 G. heptacanthus 56 G. scrobiculatus 57 G. breunigii 58 Glossogobius olivaceus 59 Acanthogobius flavimanus 60 A. lactipes 61 Favonigobius gymnauchen 62 Oligolepis acutipennis 63 Redigobius bikolanus 64 Mugilogobius abei 65 Acentrogobius sp. A 66 Rhinogobius giurinus 67 Rhinogobius spp. 68 Tridentiger obscurus Scatophagidae 69 Scatophagus argus Sphyraenidae 70 Sphyraena barracuda Paralichthyidae 71 Paralichthys olivaceus Tetradontidae 72 Takifugu niphobles Gomafuedai Kurohoshifuedai Kurosagi Daimyousagi Yamatoitohikisagi Hedai Kurodai Kichinu Minamikurodai Kotohiki Shimaisaki Yugoi Chichibumodoki Okamehaze Tobihaze Chiwarasubo Bouzuhaze Nanyoubouzuhaze Shirouo Mimizuhaze Tanehaze Sumiukigori Nikuhaze Kubohaze Biringo Urohaze Mahaze Ashishirohaze Himehaze Noborihaze Hinahaze Abehaze Sujihaze A Gokurakuhaze Yoshinobori Chichibu Kurohoshimanjyudai Onikamasu Hirame Kusafugu

8 , 2008 Table2.A list of the crabs in the artificial wando-pool of the Kitagawa River Fig.6.Annual change of number fish species in the old wando-pool and artificial wando-pool in summer Scientific Name Grapsidae 1 Ptychognathus ishii 2 Eriocheir japonicus 3 Hemigrapsus penicillatus 4 Chiromantes haematocheir 5 C. dehaani 6 Perisesarma bidens 7 Sesarmops intermedium 8 Chasmagnathus convexus 9 Helice tridens tridens Ocypodidae 10 Uca arcuta 11 Ilyoplax pusilla 12 Deiratonotus japonicus Japanese Name Taiwanhiraisomodoki Mokuzugani Kefusaisogani Akategani Kurobenkeigani Futabakakugani Benkeigani Hamagani Ashiharagani Shiomaneki Chigogani Kawasunagani Table3.A list of the insects collected in the artificial wando-pool of the Kitagawa River Scientific Name Cicincelidae 1 Cylindera elisae 2 Callytron inspeculare Carabidae 3 Armatocillenus aestuarii 4 A. yokohamae Staphylinidae 5 Prosthecarthron sauteri 6 Bryothinusa sp. Hydrophilidae 7 Horelophopsis hanseni Japanese Name Erizahanmyou Yodoshiroherihanmyou Kibanekibanagamizugiwagomimushi Kibanagamizugiwagomimushi Ashibearizukamushi Nagisahanekakushi-zoku Kuroshiogamushi Armatocillenus aestuarii Armatocillenus yokohamae Bryothinusa sp.

9 191 Periophthalmus modestus Gymnogobius breunigii Acanthogobius flavimanus Acanthogobius lactipes GobiidaeCaranx spp. Mugilidae Gentle slope embankment Cylindera elisae Leiognathus nuchalisterapon jarbua Gerres spp. Syngnathidae m Acanthopagrus spp. Glossogobius olivaceus m m m

10 , 2008 Fig. Fig.7.Conformational change of artificial wando-pool by river flow. mm

11 193 cm m m 50 7: : : 19 52: : Halyk L.C. & Balon E.K. 1983Structure and ecological production of fish taxocene of a small flood-plain system. Canadian Journal of Zoology 61: a 4 b 5 47: : : : : : : : 9 Nomura S. 1998Records of a Brachyglutine species, Barbiera parpalis LÖBLColeoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae from Japan, with note on its habitat. Elytra 26: : pp. Yoshitomi H. & Nakajima J. 2005A New Record of Horelophopsis hanseni Coleoptera, Hydrophilidaefrom Kyushu. Elytra 33: 376.

研究報告_第19号

研究報告_第19号 Dasyatis akajei Anguilla japonica Carassius auratus langsdorfii Zacco platypus Z. temminckii Phoxinus oxycephalus jouyi Tribolodon hakonensis Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis Salangichthys microdon Urocampus