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1 John Keats: Negative Capability Negative Capability Shakespeare Keats Negative Capability John Keats Negative Capability Keats Keats Negative Capability Keats Nega-

2 tive Capability Negative Capability Keats Negative Capability Negative Capability Negative Capability C. W. Dilke Negative Capability Dilke Keats Negative Capability Dilke Dilke Godwin Godwin Perfectibility man Godwin methodist Dilke Keats Dilke Coleridge Keats Negative Capability Shakespeare Coleridge Hazlitt Shakespeare Coleridge Negative

3 John Keats: Negative Capability Capability Negative Capability Keats Dilke I had not a dispute but a disquisition with Dilke, on various subjects; several things dovetailed in my mind, and at once it struck me what quality went to form a Man of Achievement especially in Literature and which Shakespeare possessed so enormouslyi mean Negative Capability, that is when man is capable of being in uncertainties, Mysteries, doubts, without any irritable reaching after fact and reasoncoleridge, for instance, would let go by a fine isolated verisimilitude caught from the Penetralium of mystery, from being incapable of remaining Content with half knowledge. Keats Dilke dispute disquisition Negative Capability Keats Dilke dispute disquisition Negative Capability disquisition disquisition Dilke Dilke a Godwin perfectibility Man Dilke talks of nothing but the electors of Westminster and the retreat of the ten thousand Dilke Dilke Dilke will never come at a truth as long as he lives; because he is always trying at it. He is a Godwin-methodist George & Georgiana Keats he is always at it Keats Coleridge Shakespeare Coleridge

4 Keats B. Bailey Keats Things have happen d lately of great Perplexity. You must have heard of them. Reynolds and Haydon retorting and recriminatingand parting for everthe same thing has happened between Haydon and HuntIt is unfortunatemen should bear with each otherthere lives not the Man who may not be cut up, aye hashed to pieces on his weakest side. The best of Men have but a portion of good in thema kind of spiritual yeast in their frames which creates the ferment of existenceby which a Man is propell'd to act and strive and buffet with Circumstance. The sure way Bailey, is first to know a Man s faults, and then be passiveif after that he insensibly draws you towards him then you have no Power to break the link. Keats Keats Otho the Great Edmund Kean Fanny Keats I was preparing to enquire for a situation with Apothecary, but Mr. Brown persuades me to try the press once more; so I will with all my industry and ability. Fanny Brawne I Ieave this minute a scene in our Tragedy and see you think it not blasphemy through the mist of Plots speeches, counterplots and counterspeeches. Benjamin Bailey I have also been writing parts of my Hyperion and completed 4 Acts of a Tragedy. George & Georgiana Keats Mine I am sure is a tolerable tragedyit would have been abank to me, if just as I had finish d it I had not heard of Kean s resolution to go to America. That was the worst news I could have had. There is no actor can do the principal character

5 John Keats: Negative Capability J. Taylor Wherein lies happiness? the gradations of Happiness Keats Fanny Abbey Abbey Keats be passive George & Georgiana for your s and Fanny s sake I will pluck up a spirit and try again. I have no doubt of success in a course of years if I perseverebut it must be patience Negative Capability Keats J. H. Reynolds of the selfish nature phrase I have indeed scarcely any thing else to say, leading so monotonous a life, except I was to give you a history of sensations, and day-nightmares. You would not find me at all unhappy in it; as all my thoughts and feelings which are of the selfish nature, home speculations every day continue to make me more Iron. I think If I had a free and healthy and lasting organization of heart and Lungsas strong as ox s, so as to be ableto bearunhurt the shock of extreme thought and sensation without besides Kean. Brown Brown Otho the Great Keats poetical Character Keats Keats

6 weariness, I could pass my Life very nearly alone though it should last eighty years. But I feel my body too weak to support me to the height; I am obliged continually to check myself and strive to be nothing. R. Woodhouse nothing Negative Capability poetical Character P. B. Shelley Keats A modern work it is said must have a purpose, which may be the Godan artist must serve Mammonhe must have self concentration selfishness perhaps. You I am sure will forgive me for sincerely remarking that you might curb your magnanimity and be more of an artist, and load every rift of your subject with ore. Keats selfish Shelley Keats Negative Capability Keats Negative Capability Richard Woodhouse st. In the second place Negative Capability Negative Capability poetical Character Negative Capability

7 John Keats: Negative Capability Capability Character Negative Capability poetical Character Negative Capability poetical Character D. Bush Negative Capability Keats Dilke Keats Negative Capability George Keats KEATS VIEW OF POETRY Negative Capability Keats George & Georgiana Keats Negative Capability Negative Capability According to Keats, Negative Capability is a mental power which enables a poet to reach truth by means of impartial observations. Hasty conclusion is a danger; one ought to know every aspect of the

8 HeDilke thinks of nothing but Political Justice and his Boy. Now the first political duty a Man ought to have a Mind to is the happiness of his friends. I wrote Brown a comment on the subject, wherein I explained what I thought of Dilke s Character. Which resolved itself into this conclusion. That Dilke was a Man who cannot feel he has a personal identity unless he has made up his Mind about every thing. The only means of strengthening one s intellect is to make up ones mind about nothingto let the mind be a thoroughfare for all thoughts. Not a select party. The genus is not scarce in population. All the stubborn arguers you meet with are of the same brood. They never begin upon a subject they have not preresolved on. They want to hammer their nail into you and if you turn the point, still they think you wrong. Dilke will never come at a truth as long as he lives; because he is always trying at it. He is a Godwin-methodist. Negative Capability William Shakespeare Erasmus Darwin C. C. Clarke Shakespeare Keats Reynolds B. R. Haydon Leigh Hunt Keats Hunt Keats Keats Negative Capability Keats potentiality Keats L. Hunt Tell himshelley there are strange Stories of the death of Poetssome have died before they were conceived how do you make that out Master Vellum. Shakespeare Keats Dilke disquisition Negative Capability B. Bailey Keats Haydon Hunt matter before the final decision. For some time one should remain content with half-knowledge. In the following quotation from a later letter may be taken as a clarification to a certain degree of the obscure phrase Negative Capability : the only means of strengthening one s intellect is to make up one s mind about nothingto let the mind be a thoroughfare for all thoughts

9 John Keats: Negative Capability Hunt Negative Capability B. Baily Negative Capability Keats Negative Capability Negative Capability poetical Character R. Woodhouse Dilke George Keats Negative Capability Dilke Dilke Keats Keats annus mirabilis Odes Keats Negative Capability S. Coote Negative Capability Negative medicine and surgerypharmacy

10 Keats Negative Coote negative like an electrical power receptive power positive current Coote Ward Hazlitt Keats Shakespeare Keats Shakespeare Negative Capability Shakespeare Keats Keats the sense of Beauty Keats Negative Capability Wordsworth wise passiveness Wordsworth Keats Coote, S., JOHN KEATS A Life, Hodder & Stoughton, 1995, p This famous passage The part of Keats letter wherein the function of his Negatve Capability is explained draws on Keats s own temperament, on impressions and ideas derived from those about him, and is above all a plea for that receptivity and openness which the words themselves exemlify. There is much here of Hazlitt s ideal disinterestedness and of that spontaneous intensity Keats so relished in the acting of Kean. Astley Cooper s disparagement of sweeping theory may also have played its part the timbre of a great intellect lingers in other minds long after the immediate occasion has passed, while the choice of the word negative almost certainly derives from Keats chemistry lectures, where negativity implied not a rejection, a minus or an absence, but rather a sympathetic receptive intensity. Just as, for Bailey, Keats had compared the actions of great minds to catalists, so, for his brothers, he could imply that the negative capability of the true poet was like an electrical negative: passive but, in its receptive power, quite the equal of the positive current.

11 John Keats: Negative Capability H. Read Keats Negative Capability Tristram Shandy L. Sterne Yorick Sterne Keats Keats Negative Capability Keats Negative Capability K. Burke Symbolic Action in a Poem by Keats W. Knight Knight Negative Capability Keats Negative Capability negative Keats

12 Keats Negative Capability Keats Keats Keats Keats Abbey Haydon occassional depression Reynolds abstraction Negative Capability Bailey Keats I have this morning such a Lethargy that I cannot writethe reason of my delaying is oftentimes from this feelingi wait for a proper temper. Lethargy I cannot write Negative Capability Negative Capability Keats a man of Achievement especially in Literature which Shakespeare possessed so enormously George My passions are all asleep from my having slumbered till nearly eleven and weakened the animal fibre all over me to a delightful sensation about three degrees on this side of faintnessif I had teeth of pearl and the breath of lillies I should call it langourbut as I am I

13 John Keats: Negative Capability must call it Laziness. Keats Negative Capability negative capability negative capability CHAMELEON POET.CHAMELEON POET Keats identity negative capability negative capability Keats Shakespeare T. S. Eliot an escape from emotionkeats M. Negative Capability Woodhouse Keats Keats EMPATHY, GUSTO Negative Capability

14 T. S. an escape from emotion Wallace Stevens, negative capability H. Reynolds R. Woodhouse Grotta Keats Endymion Book The Cave of Quietude Negative Capability Endymion egotistical sublime negative capability Keats Keats Shakespeare Coleridge Keats T. S. Eliot an escape from emotion Keats negative capability Negative Capability Shakespeare

15 John Keats: Negative Capability T. S. Eliot Keats Dilke Negative Capability Shakespeare Shakespeare Negative Capability Keats L. Hunt Dilke Negative Capability Dilke Keats Negative Capability Negative capability T. S. Eliot T. S. Eliot an escape from emotion Negative Capability

16 Keats Wordsworth Coleridge Keats Shakespeare Coleridge Coleridge Keats Hazlitt Keats Coleridge Hazlitt Keats potentiality Keats Negative Capability Negative Capability Negative Capability Negative Capability Negative Capability Shakespeare Keats Negative Capability Shakespeare Keats W. J. BateJ. DewyG. S. FraserN. FryeS. SpenderH. ReadR. Williams J. D. Willson negative capability

17 John Keats: Negative Capability Keats Negative Capability Wordsworth wise passiveness wise passiveness wise passiveness the Burden of Mystery Negative Capability Negative Capability Negative Capability Shakespeare Negative Capability Negative Capability Negative Capability

18 Negative Capability H. Read p. 30 p. 419 p. 11 p. 123 p. 42 p. 126 p. 55 p. 227 Keats p. 190 Williams, R. p. 48 Wilson, J. D. p. 102, W. p. 247 Wellek, R.Warren, A. p. 70 p. 581 p. 177 p. 9 p. 328 p. 34 p. 475

19 John Keats: Negative Capability negative capability p. 244 p. 464 p. 165 p. 97 p. 142 p. 86 p. 91 p. 267 p. 136 Clayborough, A. p. 112 Guerin, W. L. p. 376 Cookson, T. p. 41 Greer, G. p. 118 Gray, M. p. 214 p. 105 p. 131 p. 87 p. 439 p. 3 p. 246 Sypher, W. p. 51 p. 3

20 p. 9 p. 75 p. 126 Storr, A. p. 256 Spender, S. p. 30 Jennings, E. p. 204 p. 504 p. 9 p. 25 p. 175 p. 291 p. 298 p. 189 p. 16 p. 125 p. 32 p. 4 p. 3 p. 452 p. 113 p. 16

21 John Keats: Negative Capability p. 5 p. 111 Dewey, J. p. 38 Dewey, J. No. 72 p. 35 p. 8 p. 257 p. 573 p. 178 p. 178 pp. 178, 179 p. 130 p. 69 p. 199 p. 39 p. 76 p. 683 Hough, G. p. 234 p. 391 p. 134 p. 37 p. 14 p. 191 p. 188 p. 234

22 Keats Godwinism Negative Capability Frye, N. p. 207 Fraser, G. S. p. 119 Brett, R. L. FANCY and Imagination p. 71 Bate, W. J.p. 196 p. 392 p. 174 KEATS SONNETSp. 119 KEATS LETTERSp. 69 p. 80 W. J. Bate: John Keats p. 242 p. 268 Murry, J. M. p. 244 p. viii p. 296 p. 173 p. 99 p. 429 p. 142 p. 48 Negative Capability p. 134

23 John Keats: Negative Capability p. 157 p. 137 Read, H. p. 67 Read, H. p. 46 Read, H. p. 146 Read, H. p. 204 Read, H. p. 123 Read, H. p. 335 Wasserman, E. R. p. 45 Negative Capability TAKESHI SAITO KEATS VIEW OF POETRY Keats Ode to a Nightingale Ode on a Grecian Urn Endymion Negative Capability Keats Imagination

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C. S2 X D. E.. (1) X S1 10 S2 X+S1 3 X+S S1S2 X+S1+S2 X S1 X+S S X+S2 X A. S1 2 a. b. c. d. e. 2 I. 200 2 II. ( 2001) 30 1992 Do X for S2 because S1(is not desirable) XS S2 A. S1 S2 B. S S2 S2 X 1 C. S2 X D. E.. (1) X 12 15 S1 10 S2 X+S1 3 X+S2 4 13 S1S2 X+S1+S2 X S1 X+S2. 2. 3.. S X+S2 X A. S1 2