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1 Optical Devices for Photonic Networks WDM OADM OXC 140 Gbps Abstract This paper describes optical devices required for rapidly evolving large-capacity photonic networks and introduces some optical devices that Fujitsu has developed so far. As the degree of multiplexing in a wavelength division-multiplexing (WDM) system increases, optional add/drop multiplexers (OADMs) and optical cross-connects (OXCs), which can process light as is, become indispensable for maintaining the economic efficiency, flexibility, and rapidity of network construction. To realize these functions, new devices such as WDM filters and large-scale optical switches are needed. Moreover, in order to create a system which has a bit rate of 40 Gbps or more per wave, devices such as new high-speed transceivers and dispersion compensators are required. This paper classifies these devices by their functions and methods, and summarizes the latest trends. An external modulator, acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF), semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA), and tunable laser developed by Fujitsu are also described. I FUJITSU.52, 4, p (07,2001) 345
2 OTDMOptical Time-Division Multiplexing WDM Wavelength-Division Multiplexing OTDM GbpsFA- 10G40 Gbps WDM Gbps Tbps FLASHWAVE OADX OTDMWDM WDM OXCOptical Cross Connect OADMOptical Add Drop Multiplexer / 40 Gbps -1-1 レーザレーザ PD LD EA MZEO MZI EO MZI EO SHG EDFA SOA AOTF AWG AWG AWG AO EA,SOA, MZIEO, EO MEMS EO, AOTFAO アッテネータ EA MZIEO AWG AOTF AO AOTF AO VIPA 346 FUJITSU.52, 4, (07,2001)
3 WDM 1 Gbps LiNbO 3 10 Gbps 40 Gbps WDM1980 Er EDFAErbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier 1,532 nm1,545 1,560 nm 1,5701,600 nmedfa Tm Er SOA Semiconductor Optical Amplifier 1 AWGArrayed Waveguide Grating PLCPlanar Lightwave CircuitAWG 25 GHz400 (1) WDM 50 GHz 100 GHz100 GHz200 GHz PLC (2) (3) (4) OADM12 221N 64641,0001,000 OXC Y TOThermo OpticalPLC (5) EO Electro Optical 3232 (6) MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical System 1, ,0001,000 OXC (7) MEMS FUJITSU.52, 4, (07,2001) 347
4 WDM PLCTO PLCTO PMDPolarization Mode Dispersion (8) PLC (9) PLCAWG VIPAVirtually Imaged Phased Array (10) PLC (11) Gbps Gbps AOTFAcousto- Optic Tunable Filter 上面図 信号 終端抵抗 光導波路 電極 バッファ層 断面図 Z 方向 偏光方向 電気力線 電気力線 偏光方向 光導波路 X-cut LiNbO3 Z-cut LiNbO3 Z 方向 ax-cut bz-cut -1 Fig.1-Schematic of LiNbO 3 external modulator. 348 FUJITSU.52, 4, (07,2001)
5 ZX 2-1 Z X DC ZDC + 信号 - 信号 終端抵抗 -2 Fig.2-Zero-chirp dual-drived modulator. (12) DC (13) Z -2 2 Z 40 Gbps AOTF AOTF OADM MHz SAWSurface Acoustic WaveSAW AOAcousto Optical PBS Polarization Beam Splitter 80 nm WDMAOTF SAW WDM (14) λ1,λ2,λ3,λ4,λ5 入力光 SAW 伝搬領域 LiNbO3 λ2,λ4,λ5 非選択光 偏光ビームスプリッタ (PBS) くし形電極 SAW f1,f3 選択光 λ1,λ3 制御信号 (170~180 MHz) SAW : 弾性表面波 -3AOTF Fig.3-Schematic of acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). FUJITSU.52, 4, (07,2001) 349
6 光強度 (db) 光強度 (db) ,540 1,548 1,556 波長 (nm) a ,540 1,548 1,556 波長 (nm) b -5 Fig.5-Schematic of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). -4AOTF Fig.4-Characteristics of AOTF. AOTF-41.6 nm 8 40 db 0.8 nm32 OADM (15) AWG SOA SOA SOA -51 mm InPInGaAs 150m SOA -6-6 Fig.6-Characteristics of SOA. 17 dbm7 db 10 Gbps12 dbm (16) 0.2 db WDM 350 FUJITSU.52, 4, (07,2001)
7 8DFB -7DFB 3.2 nm nm db SN (17) 1-7 Fig.7-Schematic of tunable LD. Y. Hida et al.400-channel 25-GHz spacing arrayedwaveguide grating covering a full range of C-and L-bands OFC2001WB M. Oguma et al.flatpasband Interleave filter with 200GHz channel spacing based on planar lightwave circuit-type lattice structureelectron. Lett.Vol.36 No.15p Kuang-Yi Wu et al. Programmable Wavelength RouterUnited States PatentUSP J. C. Chon et al.ultra Small Dispersion, Low Loss, Flat-Top, and All-Fiber DWDM and NWDM Devices for High Speed Optical Network ApplicationsECOC 2000 p T. Goh et al. Low loss and high extinction ratio strictly nonblocking 16x16 thermooptic matrix switch on -8 Fig.8-Wavelength vs. temperature. 6-inch wafer using silica-based planar lightwave circuit technologyj. Lightwave Technol.Vol.19No H. Okayama et al. Optical switch array using banyan networkieice Trans. Electron.Vol.E82-C No.2p Feb R. Ryf et al port MEMS Transparent Optical Crossconnect with 2.07 Petabit/s Switch Capacity OFC2001PD K. O. Hill et al.a periodic in-fiber Bragg gratings for optical fiber dispersion compensationofc94pd T. Saida et al. Polarization mode dispersion compensator on a planar lightwave circuitcpt Fig.9-Spectrum of tunable LD. Wb M. Shirasaki et al. Compensation of chromatic FUJITSU.52, 4, (07,2001) 351
8 dispersion and dispersion slope using a virtually imaged phased array OFC2001TuS M. Rehage et al.wavelength-selective polarization analyzer with integrated Ti:LiNbO 3 acousto-optical TE- TM converter Electron. Lett. Vol.30 p I. Sawaki et al.thermally stabilized z-cut Ti:LiNbO 3 waveguide switchcleo 86MF M. Seino et al.a low DC-Drift Ti:LiNbO 3 modulator assured over 15 yearsofc 92PD T. Nakazawa Integrated Acousto-Optic Tunable p H. Miyata et al.fully Dynamic and Reconfigurable Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer on 0.8nm Channel Spacing using AOTF and 32-Wave Tunable LD ModuleOFC2000 PD m 10Gb/s2000 C M. Bouda C Filter for Optical Add/Drop MultiplexersECIO FUJITSU.52, 4, (07,2001)
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