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あけなおうるしはた
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20 KW Q = AK α W β q = a + α k + βw q = log Q, k = log K, w = logw

34 i P ij v ij P ij = exp( vij ), J exp( v ) k= 1 ik v i j = X β αp + γnu j j j j X j j p j j NU j j NU j

46 ( ) ( ) i j P ij P ij P ij = J exp( vij ) v exp( v ) k= 1 ik ij = α ln( speed ) + βp ij ij j=

47 v ij i j i j P ij j speed ij p ij i v ik p ik k j speed ij i j i i v ij

48 p ij i j i i ε own ε 53 k ε own k j ε cross cross ε ε own cross dpk pk = = pk β ( 1 Sharek ) dp P k dp k p j k = = pk β dpk Pj Share k ε ε own cross k j

49 ε own ε cross εown ε own ε cross ε cross ε own

50 cross ε cross ε

51 g g Narrow Broad i j P ij i g P i,g g i j P i,j g λg exp ( ν ij λ ) g j g exp ( ν ij λg ) Pig =, P = λ j g g i, G exp( ν ik λ ) g exp( ν ik λ ) g k g g= 1 k g v ij = c + α ln( speed ) + βp + γ j ij ij j income i j=

52 σ g =1-λ g g λ g σ g σ g

53 σ g

76 Amemiya, Takashi (1985), Advanced Econometrics, Boston, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Brynjolfsson, Erik and Chris F. Kemerer (1996), Network Externalities in Microcomputer Software: An Econometric Analysis of the Spreadsheet Market, Management Science, Vol.42, pp Crandall, Robert, Gregory Sidak, and Hal Singer (2002), The Empirical Case Against Asymmetric Regulation of Broadband Internet Access, Berkeley Technology Law Journal, Vol.17, pp Farrell, Joseph and Paul Klemperer (2002), Coordination and Lock-In: Competition with Switching Costs and Network Effects, unpublished manuscript, available from Gandal, Neil (1994), Hedonic Price Indexes for Spreadsheets and an Empirical Test of the Network Externalities Hypothesis, RAND Journal of Economics, Vol.25, pp Katz, Michael L. and Carl Shapiro (1994), Systems Competition and Network Effects, Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol.8, pp Klemperer, Paul (1995), "Competition when Consumers have Switching Costs," Review of Economic Studies, Vol.62, pp McFadden, Daniel (1974), Conditional Logit Analysis of Qualitative Choice Behavior, Chapter 4 in Frontiers in Econometrics edited by Paul Zarembka, New York: Academic Press, pp Ohashi, Hiroshi (2003), The Role of Network Effects in the U.S. VCR Market, , Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, Vol.12, pp Park, Sangin (2003), Quantitative Analysis of Network Externalities in Systems Competition: the VCR Case, unpublished manuscript, available from Rappoport, Paul, D. J. Kridel, L. D. Taylor, and J. Allleman (2001), Residential Demand for Access to the Internet, University of Arizona, Working paper. Rohlfs, Jeffrey H. (1974), A Theory of Interdependent Demand for Communication Service, Bell Journal of Economics, Vol.5, pp Rysman, Marc (2003), Competition between Networks: A Study of the Market for Yellow Pages, forthcoming in Review of Economic Studies. Tanaka, Tatsuo and Reiko Murakami (2003), Network Externalities in the Japanese Market of Routers, Discussion Paper CPDP1-E, Competition Policy Research Center, Fair Trade Commission of Japan.

77 Yasaki, Yoshihito and Reiko Murakami (2003), Network Effects in the Japanese Word-Processing Software Market, Discussion Paper CPDP2-E, Competition Policy Research Center, Fair Trade Commission of Japan. (

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わが国企業による資金調達方法の選択問題

わが国企業による資金調達方法の選択問題 * takeshi.shimatani@boj.or.jp ** kawai@ml.me.titech.ac.jp *** naohiko.baba@boj.or.jp No.05-J-3 2005 3 103-8660 30 No.05-J-3 2005 3 1990 * E-mailtakeshi.shimatani@boj.or.jp ** E-mailkawai@ml.me.titech.ac.jp