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Fig.1 MICs of penicillins against 24 strains of B. pertussis Fig.2 MICs of cepherns against 24 strains of B. pertussis

Fig.3 MICs of macrolides against 24 strains of B. pertussis Fig.4 MICs of nalidixic acid analogs against 24 strains of B. pertuosis Fig.5 Bactericidal activity of ampicillin, piperacillin, and TA- 058 on B. pertussis NNBP 3

Fig.6 Bactericidal activity of latamoxef, cefoperazone, and ampicillin on B. pertussis NNBP 3 Fig.7 Comparative bactericidal activity of cefoperazone, latamoxef, ampicillin, minocy- Fig.8 Method of cryopreservation of B. pertussis and the result of viability on 24 strains of B. pertussis by using this methodology

of phase I Bordetella pertussis. J. Gen. Microbiol. 63: 211 `220, 1971 11) NELSON, J. D.; B. M. MATTECK& J. MCNABB: Susceptibility of Bordetella pertussis to am- picillin. J. Pediatr. 68: 222 `226, 1966 15) TROLLFORS, B.: Effect of erythromycin and amoxicillin on Bordetella pertussis in the 17) SHISHIDO, H.; K. MATSUMOTO, K. WATANABE& 8) FIELD, L. H.& C. D. PARKER: Differences observed between fresh isolates of Bordetella pertussis and their laboratory passaged derivatives. 3 rd International Symposium on Pertussis. Dhew Publication, pp.124 `132, 1979 9) FIELD, L. H.& C. D. PARKER: Antibiotic susceptibility testing of Bordetella pertussis. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 74: 312 `316, 1980 10) STAINER, D. W. & M. J. SCHOLTE: A simple chemically defined medium for the production 12) BASS, J. W.: The role of antimicrobial agents in the treatment pertussis. J. Pediatr. 83: 891 `892, 1973 13) SIMON, C.; M. BONTEMPS, K. WIESE& R. SCHE- WIOR- ROLAND: Zur Ampicillin- Therapie des Keuch hustens. Dtsch. Med. Wschr. 94: 2435 `4437, 1969 14) KURT, T. L.; A. S. YEAGER, S. GUENETTE& S. DUNLOP: Spread of pertussis by hospital staff. JAMA 221: 264 `267, 1972 nasopharynx. Infection 6: 228 `230, 1978 Y. UZUKA: In vitro activity of Ĉ- lactam antibiotics against Bordetella pertussis: Unusually high anti- B. pertussis activity of piperazine 19- lactams. Current chemotherapy and infections disease. Proceedings of the 11 th ICC and the 19 th ICAAC. Amer. Soc.

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CLINICALLY ISOLATED BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS, WITH THE SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE IN VITRO BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY HARUMI SHISHIDO, AMISHI TAKAHASHI, KIWAO WATANABE, and KEIZO MATSUMOTO Department of Internal Medicine, Institute for Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University KEISUKE TAZAKI Tazaki Clinic In vitro bactericidal activity testing was performed using BORDET- GENGOU broth (2.5g of soluble starch, 10g of peptone, 5g of NaCl, and 10ml of glycerol per liter supplemented with 15% of defibrinated horse blood), which has been established in our laboratory. The in vitro bactericidal activities of Ĉ- lactam antibiotics against Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis) were compared, ampicillin showing the highest activity. The comparative in vitro bactericidal activities of the 8 representative antimicrobial agents were in the order: Erythromycin> gentamicin> norfloxacin> chloramphenicol> minocycline> ampicillin> latamoxef> cefoperazone. It has been suggested that in vitro bactericidal activity in our methodology should be consistent with clinical results. The MICs at 106 cfu/ml of 22 antimicrobial agents against 24 strains of clinically isolated B. pertussis were determined by the agar dilution method. Comparison of the MICs of Ĉ- lactam antibiotics against B. pertussis indicated that TA- 058 and cefpiramide were as active as piperacillin and cefoperazone, respectively. DL- 8280 and norfloxacin were more active against B. pertussis than the older nalidixic acid analogs. The method of cryopreservation and transport of clinical isolates of B. pertussis have been studied, and new methodology was established.

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