() [REQ] 4. 4.
() [REQ] 0m 0 m/s () [REQ] (3) [POS] 4.3(3) ()() () 0 0 4. 5050 0 ) 00 4 30354045m/s 4. ) 4. AMEDAS
) 4. 0 3
) 4. 0 4. 4
4.3(3) () [REQ] () [REQ] (3) [POS] () ()() 4.3 P = ρ d AnC DG () P Nρ kg/m 3 d m/sa n m C D G 4.4 5
4.4 () [REQ] 3),4),5) ) 4.5 ) 99. ) 004. 3) 997. 4)Simiu, E. and Scanlan, R. H., Wind Eects on Structures, Wiley, 996. 5) 977. 6
),) 4. 3) 4.. 00 00 x n N n x x x LL x i LL x n x n n Fisher-Tippet 3 Gumbel 0 Frechét F V [ { α( V u) }] ( V ) = exp exp (4.) F S [ exp( s) ] s = α( V u) ( s) = exp, (4.) αu I V s = u ln[ ln( FV ( V ))] = u +, s = ln[ ln( FV ( V ))] (4.3) α α V s F(V) 4. 4. s = 0 F V (V) = /e = 0.364 V u /α s µ s = 0.5776 = γ: σ s = π /6 αu 7
.8 α =, u = V 0. 450σ σ V V (4.4) V σ V V ) 4. 50 40 V (m/s) 30 0 0 0 - - 0 3 4 5 6 s 4. 70 V T T T V T 8
V T T F V (V) T F V (V) T = F V ( V (4.5) T ) (4.3)(4.5) i P i P i = i ( n +) = ( i ) ( n +) P i P i ( i ) n P i ( i a) ( n + a) Gumbel Pareto = Hazen = Gringorten a 0.44 Hazen ) 00 Gomes&Vickery 4) Rice Weibull R = ln R + a (4.6) / k c ln = N + ( k ) ln c a = k c k c k N πν β ( kσ c) = / R R k c σ β 675 0.36 ν β 5 965-969 ν 9
3 ) V V V 3 V 4 V 5 V x, x, L, x N V = β LL 0 + βx + βx + + β N x N (4.7) β, β, L, β N 4.3 0
No Yes 4.3 4..3 5 Region Speciic Model Site Speciic Model
4.4 5) 50 5,000 V (m/s) 60 50 40 30 0 0 0 () (3) () () 0 () a (3) b 0-0 4 6 8 0 - ln{- ln(f (V )} V (m/s) 60 50 40 30 0 (5) (4) (3) b (4)40 (5)80-0 4 6 8 0 - ln{- ln(f (V )} (3) 4.4 /500/0,000
6) /000 4.5 BCD S W 40m 30 4.6 B 40m 4.7 B 0m B B.5.4.3.. 0.9 0.8 0 45 90 35 80 5 70 35 6) 6) 4.5 4.6 40m Site B N wind 00m 6) 4.7 3
4. u z z = ln (4.8) k z 0 z zm u * k ( 0.4) z 0 α z z = 0 (4.9) 0 α /0/7 /6/4 /4/ 7) 4 4. z b z b z b 4.8 7) 4. z b (m) 5 0 5 30 α 0. 0.6 0. 0.9 z G (m) 500 600 700 700 Z 0 (m) 0.0 0.05 0.3.0 4
7) 4.8 3 xyz VW uvw x u yv v zw w VW 0 uvw I u σu σv σw = I v = I w = (4.0) σ u σ v σ w uvw 4.9 4. 8) 5
0.8 0.6 0.4 0. 0.8 0.6 0.4 0. 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 (m/s) (m/s) 8) 4.9 (m/s) (m/s) Iu (%) 8) 4. 0 3:9 ~ 3:39 (m/s) 3:39 (m/s) Mar.7/998 ~ 3:49 Iu (%) (m/s) (m/s) Iu (%) 3:49 ~ 3:59 0.8 3. 4:3 4.5 ~ 38.9.08 4:3 7.0.6 33. 4.3 4:3 Sep./998 ~ 39..98 4:33 6.6. 8.3 4:43 4.5 ~ 4.8.30 4:53 6.38 Karman Bush&Panosky u S ( ) = 0.475 σ u β + β 5 / 6,β =.78 0 6 αk r I u 0 ( m 3) α z 0 K r m α 0 (4.a, b)
7 6 5/ 70.8 4 ) ( + σ = L L S x u x u u u (4.) 6 / 83. 755. 4 ) ( + + σ = L L L S x w x w x w w w (4.3) x u L x w L Bush&Panosky + σ = 3 5 max max.5 0.63 S r r w w (4.4) r = Z/ z max = 0.3 = x k j S i S j i S j i ij exp ), ( ), ( ),, ( (4.5) k 55 x ESD η η η η = ) ( ) ( 0.994 ), ( ), ( ),, ( 6 / 6 / 6 5 / 6 5 / K K j S i S j i S j i ij (4.6)
x L η = 0.747 + 70.8 L L K 5/6 K /6 4.0 9) 9) 4.0 4.3 4. + u = ( + u x &) A n C D (4.7) P ρ x& P = ρ = ρ ( + u + x& + u x& ux& ) A C ρ( + u x& ) A C n D + ρua C n D ρxa & C n D 8 n D 3 A C n D (4.8)
x + u P 4. 6 6 4. Drag Lit Side orce Pitching moment 4 D L S m m m M m = ρ d BCD = ρ d BCL = ρ d BCS = ρ d B C M (4.9a, b, c, d) B C D C L C S C M 4.3 3 ) H 3 4.4 4.5 ) 9
4. ) 4.3 3 0
4.4H 3 Re =. 0 5 ) 4.5 3 Re =. 0 5 ) 0).9
Db = ρ d B Lb = ρ d B M b = ρ d B u w [ C χ u + C χ w] u w [ C χ u + ( C + C ) χ w] L D L u w [ C χ u + C χ w] M D M D L D M D M L (4.0a, b, c, d) 0 F = D, L, or M, r = u or w uw uw r χ F L M D ae ae ae = πρb = πρb = πρb ω L 4 yr ω M ω D y + L yr yr yi y + M y + D y& + L ω yi yi zr y& + M ω y& + D ω z + L zr zr zi z + M z + D z& + L ω zi zi θr z& + M ω z& + D ω θ + L θr θi θr θ + D θ& ω θ + M θi θi θ& ω θ& ω (4.a, b, c) ω yzθ L yr, L yi,., D θi Scanlan Flutter Derivative )
L M D ae ae ae = ρ d = ρ = ρ B KH d B KA y& B KP d y& + KH + KP y& + KA Bθ& + K Bθ& + K Bθ& + K H θ + K A θ + K 3 3 3 P θ + K P H A 4 4 4 y B y B y B + KH + KA + KP 5 5 5 z& + K z& + K z& + K P A 6 H 6 6 z B z B z B (4.a, b, c) K= ωb/ P * i H * i A * i i = - 6 4.4 4.4. d d 0 α z d = 0 (4.3) 0 0 H 4.6 7).6 0.8.6 B/D I 0.8 5cm 4.7 4.8 7) 7) C. 0.( B / D) B / D < 8 = d.3 8 B / (4.4) D 3
C =.35 φ ( 0. φ 0.6) (4.5) C =. 6 d d φ.6 0.8 0.8.6.6 0.8 0.8.6 0.8.6 4
7) 4.6 5
) 4.7 4.8 Re =. 0 5 ) 6
G G G 0).9 G 0) 7
( 4.0 0.( B / D) ) D B / D < 8 P( kn / m) = (4.6).4D 8 B / D 6 kn/m /.5 kn/m p ( kn / m ) =. 5 φ (4.7) p ( kn / m ) = 3. 0 6 kn/m 3 kn/m /.5 kn/m p ( kn / m ) = 3. 0 (4.8) p ( kn / m ) =. 5 /=.5 kn/m =.5 kn/m / 0.8 4.3 8
4.3.3 S h S h 0.5 B.3.3 0.5 B < S h.5 B.3 S v 0.5 D 0.3 0.5 D < S v.5 D.0.5 D < S v.5 D..5 B < S h.5 B.3.0.6 0.8 4.4 4.4 kn/m 0.75.5.5 3.0 k V FV ( V ) = exp c (4.9) V k ( V ) = c c V exp c k k (4.30) kc k c 9
k c µ = Γ + σ = Γ + Γ V c, V c + k k k (4.3),(4.3) Γ 4.9 ) ) 4.9 k k = 7) P( ) = exp 0.66 50.46 (4.33) P()0 50 50 d /.07 30
4.5 7) m/s = B (4.34) cvh. 0 h EhEth mh c = B (4.35) m δ r h m/s θ =. 33 θ B (4.36) cv E deg θc = I θ pr E δ tθ θ h θ Hz B m ρ kg/m 3 m r I pr = m ρb (4.38) m r I pr ( ) 4 ( ρb ) (4.37) = I (4.39) p mi p kg/m kgm E h 0.065β ds = = ( B / d ) ( ) 3 7.6β E ds θ (4.40, 4.4) B / d d m β ds d /4 βds = (4.4) E th E tθ ( B / d ) / I 0 ( B / d ) / I 0 E th = 5 βt u (4.43) E th = 0 βt u (4.44) β t 0 c m/s =. 5 B (4.45) θ m/s 3 = B (4.45) cg 8 h = B (4.46) cg 4 h
977. 997. 988. Gomes, L. and Vickery, B. J., On the Prediction o Extreme Wind Speeds rom the Parent Distribution, J. o Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol., No., pp.-36, 977. Vol.9, No.3, pp.-7, 004. Vol.36, No.8, 00. 99. 003. Toriumi, R., Katsuchi, H. and Furuya, N.: A Study on Spatial Correlation o Natural Wind, J. o Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 87, pp.03-6, 000. 00. Simiu, E. and Scanlan, R. H., Wind Eects on Structures, Wiley, 996. 3