52 161 2010 189-197 Journal of the Combustion Society of Japan Vol.52 No.161 (2010) 189-197 FEATURE Evolution of Element and Peripheral Technologies in Engine Combustion 燃料噴射系製品のこれまでの歩みと将来の展望 History and Future Trends on Fuel Injection System Products * MIYAKI, Masahiko, NAKASHIMA, Tatsushi, TAKEUCHI, Katsuhiko, and TANI, Yasuhide* 448-8661 1-1 DENSO CORPORATION, 1-1 Showa-cho, Kariya, Aichi 448-8661, Japan Abstract : Fuel injection system products are key parts of internal combustion engines in order to reduce exhaust emission and fuel consumption, which affect global environmental problems such as global warming and energy resources exhaustion. In this paper, we describe history and future trends on fuel injection system products for gasoline and diesel engines which were mainly developed and have been mainly developing by DENSO CORPORATON. We have many subjects to be solved for the global environmental problems, and need further evolution of the fuel injection system products with continuous developments. Key Words : Fuel injection, Gasoline, Diesel, Fuel diversification 1. 緒言 CO2 2 CO2 ( 1) [1] * Corresponding author. E-mail: yasuhide_tani@denso.co.jp Table 1 Regulations and DENSO Fuel Injection Products 2. 燃料噴射系製品のこれまでの歩み 2.1. ガソリン噴射システム (29)
190 52 161 2010 Table 2 DENSO Port Injection Fuel Injectors Fig.1 Port Fuel Injection System and Module 1996 CO2 2.1.2. ポート噴射システム 1 ( 1) HC 2 UC [2] ( 2) Fig.2 Atomization Characteristics of UC-Type Injector 2.1.2. 筒内噴射システム (5 15 MPa) ( ) (30)
191 Fig.5 DENSO Direct Injection Fuel Pumps Fig.3 DENSO Direct Injection Fuel Injectors Fig.6 Construction of Direct Injection Fuel Pump Fig.4 Construction of DENSO Direct Injection Fuel Injector [3] ( 3) 4 1) 2) 3) 4) 1 5 6 ( ) ( ) 1) (31)
192 52 161 2010 2) 3) Ni-P PFTE 4) 2.2. ディーゼル噴射システム 1990 RV 2010 1990 CO2 50 % ( CRS ) Fig.7 DENSO Common Rail System Compone 2.2.1. コモンレールシステム 7 CRS CRS (ECU) CRS 2 1) 2) 8 1 9 10 CRS 1995 CRS 120 Mpa 2 2007 200 Mpa 9 1) 超高圧噴射の実現 200 MPa a) サプライポンプ CRS Fig.8 SMD Variation by Injection Pressure Fig.9 Combustion Noise Reduction by Multiple Injection 1 CRS CRS (32)
193 Fig.10 DENSO Common Rail System Road Map Fig.12 Development of High Pressure Resistance Materials Fig.11 Construction of DENSO HP-3 Fuel Supply Pump [4] HP-3 11 HP-3 2 1 2 (SCV) SCV b) インジェクタ 200 MPa 3 0 12 200 MPa 1ppm [5] 2) 高精度, 高自由度噴射の実現 DPF ( ) () ( 13) a) b) a) 近接噴射の実現 14 (33)
194 52 161 2010 Fig.13 Function of Multiple Fuel Injection Fig.15 Comparison of Spray Characteristics at High Pressure and Temperature Chamber Fig.14 Construction and Operation of Solenoid Fuel Injector Fig.16 DENSO Learning Control Flowchart of Minimal Injection Rate CRS 0.7 msec 0.2 msec 0.1 msec 15 ( ) [6] b) 高精度噴射の実現 0.7 3 mm 3 /st 2 16 2002 2 CRS (34)
195 Fig.17 Challenges of Gasoline and Diesel Engines Fig.18 Future Requirements of Gasoline Direct Injection Fuel Injector ECU 3. 燃料噴射系製品の将来展望 3.1. エンジンにおける改良課題と製品要求 ( 17) EGR EGR NOx SCR ( NOx ) NSC (NOx ) CRS 3.2. ガソリン筒内噴射システム HCCI PM [7] ( 18) 3.3. ディーゼル噴射システム 3 (35)
196 52 161 2010 (250 MPa ) ( 19) 3.4. 燃料多様化への対応 CO2 20 [8] 2017 2007 20 % 2012 75 Fig.19 Performance of Direct acting Piezo injector with Rate Shaping Fig.20 Production Volume of Bio-Ethanol for Fuel ( 28 ) 2017 350 ( 132 ) 2020 CO2 1990 20 % 2010 5.75 % (22 ) 2020 10 % (38 ) 2006 75 % 2030 2006 20 % 2003 3 % 5 % ( ) (36)
197 [9] 4. 結言 BRICs References 1. Miyaki, M., et. al., Engine Technology Review (in Japanese) 1. 3 (2009) 2. Matsuo, T., et. al., Denso Technical Review (in Japanese) 11. 1: 67-73 (2006) 3. Nakashima, T., et. al., JSAE Symposium Proc. (in Japanese) 17-06: 8-13 (2006) 4. Takeuchi, K., et al., I-MechEC 610. 013. (2003) 5. Miyaki, M., et. al., Engine Technology (in Japanese) 8. 45: 14-19 (2006) 6. Nagata, K., et. al., Engine Technology (in Japanese) 1. 42: 31-35 (2006) 7. Warnecke, V., et al., 27th Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium (2006). 8. Ministry of Environment, 6th Eco-fuel Utilization Promotion Conference (in Japanese) (2008) http://www.env.go.jp/earth/ ondanka/conf_ecofuel/06/ 9. Weinowski, R., et. al., 17th Aachen Colloquium (2008) (37)