47 2008 9 1 item reliability 1 2
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47 2008 9 1 r.496 1 20 1 2 20 2 20 Z 1 20 1 1 20Z N 20 r.496 Hamilton Shuminsky 1990 α.842 I α.841 4 4.1 1 1 I 1 II 1 10 90 I 1 1 0.428 1 10 90
1 0.536 0.108 5 2 0.223 1 * 5 1 1 20 180 90 2 1 7 1 90 1 1 0.428 7 8 0.428 1 8 1 1 2, 10, 17, 19 4 11 1 20 2 3 4 2, 10, 19 3 1 N 180 z z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0.477 0.393 0.422 0.434 0.507 0.365 0.494 0.410 0.447 0.238 0.428 0.284 0.372 0.462 0.504 0.404 0.513 0.456 0.456 0.120 7 8 0.536 18 17 0.507 15 14 0.494 7 5 0.407 5 4 0.516 17 10 0.316 8 3 0.478 11 6 0.373 11 7 0.436 20 20 0.375 4 3 0.108 6 6 0.223* 8 8 0.122 14 14 0.055 5 5 0.012 15 18 0.088 3 9 0.035 14 17 0.083 7 13 0.020 14 16 0.255* 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0.485 0.538 0.285 0.373 0.530 0.449 0.497 0.247 0.332 0.431 0.401 0.572 0.332 0.356 0.535 0.413 0.392 0.246 0.175 0.386 14 11 0.584 2 1 0.498 18 16 0.237 17 15 0.393 3 2 0.529 11 9 0.475 12 12 0.592 18 18 0.246 20 19 0.474 12 13 0.478 1 2 0.183 4 7 0.074 19 20 0.095 12 15 0.037 3 4 0.006 9 11 0.062 3 1 0.200* 20 19 0.000 8 12 0.299* 10 10 0.092 *p 0.05
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2 N 90 z z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0.115 0.489 0.371 0.208 0.209 0.356 0.302 0.203 0.499 0.333 0.358 0.208 0.508 0.215 0.479 0.110 0.263 0.389 0.179 0.009 0.380 0.527 0.007 0.301 0.385 0.483 0.187 0.680 0.402 0.280 29 29 0.342 15 17 0.647 12 9 0.332 21 21 0.233 29 28 0.507 11 12 0.315 5 2 0.042 25 26 0.374 10 13 0.616 10 10 0.262 6 4 0.202 27 20 0.246 1 1 0.308 12 8 0.088 16 15 0.631 14 13 0.452* 1 2 0.384* 11 14 0.057 24 23 0.054 4 7 0.516* 14 15 0.065 26 27 0.485 15 12 0.367* 3 4 0.315* 19 19 0.123 23 23 0.281 17 20 0.059 12 17 0.372 26 26 0.314 2 3 0.351* 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 0.120 0.067 0.411 0.375 0.620 0.232 0.459 0.163 0.217 0.250 0.324 0.339 0.180 0.261 0.353 0.151 0.132 0.403 0.506 0.404 0.142 0.382 0.296 0.157 0.451 0.204 0.081 0.197 0.003 0.268 23 23 0.096 27 25 30 30 0.009 29 30 12 7 0.421 7 11 7 3 0.238 16 21 8 6 0.785 1 1 21 24 0.314 16 16 8 11 0.534 4 6 20 14 0.003 26 28 25 22 0.265 17 18 10 5 0.005 26 29 23 18 0.427 9 10 27 25 0.541 4 5 21 19 0.176 23 24 28 29 0.451 9 9 20 16 0.502 1 8 0.055 0.123 0.018 0.268 0.381* 0.172 0.152 0.299 0.108 0.456 0.223 0.460* 0.021 0.448* 0.234 *p 0.05 0.111 1 15 45 1 0.342 0.452 * 5 2 1 30 1 45 2 2 1, 2, 5, 8, 9, 15, 20, 27, 29 9 30 1 3 4 1, 5, 8, 27, 29 5 25 29 4 15 2, 9, 15, 20 3 4
47 2008 9 7, 13, 25 3 5 7 25 2 7 5 26 3 4 25 10 26 2 1 1 90 180 2 5 3 Hamilton Shuminsky 1990Steinberg 1994 Knowles 1988
STAI-Y 2 4 1 Hamilton Shuminsky 1990
47 2008 9 I STAI Y-2 2000 a 1 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 1 234 2 21 40 1 20 3 8 II 1 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 2 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 3 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 4 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 17 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 18 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 19 19 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 20 20 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 2
III 1 2 3 4 51 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
47 2008 9 IV 1 29 12 25 4 18 21 17 30 27 1 20 24 2 26 19 3 9 13 5 28 23 10 14 7 8 15 22 16 6 11 2 11 24 7 16 30 3 29 12 9 13 2 6 14 8 1 15 21 25 17 10 5 22 26 19 20 27 4 28 18 23 3 14 27 10 19 3 6 2 15 12 16 5 9 17 11 4 18 24 28 20 13 8 25 29 22 23 30 7 1 21 26 4 7 20 3 12 262925 8 5 9 28 2 10 4 27 11 17 21 13 6 1 18 22 15 16 23 30 24 14 19 5 26 9 22 1 15 1814272428172129231630 610 22520 711 4 5121913 3 8 6 9 22 5 14 28 1 27 10 7 11 30 4 12 6 29 13 19 23 15 8 3 20 24 17 18 25 2 26 16 21 7 10 23 6 15 29 2 28 11 8 12 1 5 13 7 30 14 20 24 16 9 4 21 25 18 19 26 3 27 17 22 8 16 29 12 21 5 8 4 17 14 18 7 11 19 13 6 20 26 30 22 15 10 27 1 24 25 2 9 3 23 28 9 21 4 17 26 10 13 9 22 19 23 12 16 24181125 1 5272015 2 62930 714 828 3 10 4 17 30 9 23 26 22 5 2 6 25 29 7 1 24 8 14 18 10 3 28 15 19 12132027211116 11 18 1 14 23 7 10 6 19 16 20 9 13 21 15 8 22 28 2 24 17 12 29 3 26 27 4 11 5 25 30 12 5 18 1 10 24 27 23 6 3 7 26 30 8 2 25 9 15 19 11 4 29 16 20 13 14 21 28 22 12 17 13 28 11 24 3 17 20 16 29 26 30 19 23 1 25 18 2 8 12 4 27 22 9 13 6 7 14 21 15 5 10 14 27 10 23 2 16 19 15 28 25 291822302417 1 711 32621 812 5 6132014 4 9 15 22 5 18 27 11 14 10232024131725191226 2 6282116 3 730 1 815 929 4 16 6 19 2 11 25 28 24 7 4 8 27 1 9 3 26 10 16 20 12 5 30 17 21 14 15 22 29 23 13 18 17 23 6 19 28 12 15 11242125141826201327 3 7292217 4 8 1 2 9161030 5 18 8 21 4 13 27 30 26 9 6 10 29 3 11 5 28 12 18 22 14 7 2 19 23 16 17 24 1 25 15 20 19 1 14 27 6 20 23 19 2 29 3 22 26 4 28 21 5 11 15 7 30 25 12 16 9 10 17 24 18 8 13 20 20 3 16 25 9 12 8 21 18 22 11 15 23 17 10 24 30 4 26 19 14 1 5 28 29 6 13 7 27 2 21 24 7 20 29 13 16 12252226151927211428 4 8302318 5 9 2 3101711 1 6 22 19 2 15 24 8 11 7 20 17 21 10142216 92329 325181330 42728 512 626 1 23 2 15 28 7 21 24 20 3 30 4 23 27 5 29 22 6 12 16 8 1 26 13 17 10 11 18 25 19 9 14 24 12 25 8 17 1 4 30 13 10 14 3 7 15 9 2 16 22 26 18 11 6 23 27 20 21 28 5 29 19 24 25 13 26 9 18 2 5 1 14 11 15 4 8 16 10 3 17 23 27 19 12 7 24 28 21 22 29 6 30 20 25 26 25 8 21 30 14 17 13262327162028221529 5 9 12419 610 3 4111812 2 7 27 15 28 11 20 4 7 3 16 13 17 6 10 18 12 5 19 25 29 21 14 9 26 30 23 24 1 8 2 22 27 28 17 30 13 22 6 9 5 18 15 19 8 12 20 14 7 21 27 1 23 16 11 28 2 25 26 3 10 4 24 29 29 3 16 29 8 22 25 21 4 1 5 24 28 6 30 23 7 13 17 9 227141811121926201015 30 30 13 26 5 19 22 18 1 28 2 21 25 3 27 20 4 10 14 6 29 24 11 15 8 9 16 23 17 7 12 1 III
item-total correlation Knowles 1988 item reliability Knowles 1988Hamilton Shuminsky 1990Knowles 1992 2006 Carmines, E. G., and R. A. Zeller, 1979, Reliability and Validity Assessment. Sage. 1983 Hamilton, J. C., and T. R. Shuminsky, 1990, Self-awareness mediates the relationship between serial position and item reliability. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59 : 1301 1307. C. D. Spielberger, 2000 a STAI, 2000 b STAI James, W. H., 1957, Internal versus External Control of Reinforcement as a Basic Variable in Learning Theory. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus. Knowles, E. S.1988, Item context effects on personality scales : Measuring changes the measure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55 : 312 320. Knowles, E. S., M. C. Coker, D. A. Cook, S. R. Diercks, M. E. Irwin, E. J. Lundeen, J. W. Neville, and, M. E. Sibicky, 1992, Order effects within personality Measures. In Schwarz, N. and S. Sudman Eds.Context Effects in Social and Psychological Research, pp. 221 247. Springer- Verlag. Robinson, J. P., and P. R. Shaver, 1973, Measures of Social Psychological Attitudes rev. ed.. Ann Arbor, MI : Institute for Social Research. Steinberg, L., 1994, Context and serial-order effects in personality measurement : Limits on the generality of measuring changes the measure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55 : 341 349. 2006 Knowles 43 : 115 125. 17 18 C 3 17 10 18 30 2008 4 10