356 Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi Vol. /., No.1, -/0-0 (,**1) 44 For Quality Control and Quality Assurance in Food Analysis Akemi Yasui Analytical Science Division, National Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization,,, Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki -*/20., FAOWHO Codex Alimentarius Commission : CAC ISOIEC Guide,/ 33* ; :ISO IEC 1*,/,**/ Proficiency Testing CACGL,1 331 : Proficiency Testing CACGL,233/ Rev. 331,**/ 0 -*/20.,,, Corresponding author ayasui@affrc.go.jp H 3... 1 ISOIEC 1*,/,
45 : 357 -, -. / 0 1 2 3 * ISOIEC 1*,/,, IUPAC 2 /,, / full collaborative study GMO ISO,/1* AOAC International *, 0 0 JAS full collaborative study Horwitz *4* *4*** *4***** *4******* *4******** ** *4* ppm * ppb ppb,. 2 0 -,./. 2 0,,,, AOAC International RSD R Horwitz, RSD R,c *./*/ c ** *.* ppm * 0 -,, c.,*1 RSD R *./*/,c.,* 1 c*.-2 c *./ c*.-2,* ppb,,,* ppb -.2 Horwitz -.2 - Horwitz HorRat CAC Hor- Rat, HorRatRSD R PRSD RHorwitz.,
358 /. 1,**1 1 46 uncertainty 3/ 33 k, k-,,, Certified Reference Material : CRM SI traceability CRM CRM CRM JIS Q **-. ISO -. : GMO,, CRM web. site http : //www.rminfo.nite.go.jp/index.html RMinfo RMinfo : reference materials total information services of Japan COMAR COMAR COde d indexation des MAteriaux Reference 0 33* COMAR,**- IRMM NIST.,- EU,
47 : 359,, 1*,* / *, 1*,*,*,* / z,. ICH International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use - 3 - - / CAC.,, ICH 3. CACGL033- gkg ** / 2** ***,* 1** * -* 0*,* -/ /*,* - - 0 / Horwitz,,- / - Proficiency Testing : PT JIS ISOIEC.- : PT PT 0 PT AOAC International http : //www.aoac.org/proficiencytesting/proficiency.html The American Association of Cereal Chemists AACC http : / / www. scisoc. org / aacc / checksample Central Science Laboratory CSL http : //ptg.csl. gov.uk FAPAS FEPAS GSI http : / / sid. gsi. co. jp / product / fapas / fapas / fapas.htm./ / RSD R RSDr ** * *4 *4* * * g/g (ppm) g/g g/kg (ppb), -. 0 2 0 -, 4/,, -. / 0 2 * 0,* 32* 3/*, 3,*/ 3**2 2/* 2*/ 1/,* 1*,/ AOAC Guidelines for Single Laboratory Validation of Chemical Methods for Dietary Supplements and Botanicals (,**,) RSDr AOACI MOA Appendix E : Laboratory Quality Assurance,**/
360 /. 1,**1 1 48 z assigned value z,, - - zxxs x X s CSL s Horwitz,**, CSL FAPAS GeMMA DNA PT Good Laboratory Practice : GLP 0 / PT,**0 PT,**.. WTO TBT One-Stop-Testing ISOIEC 1*,/ :,**/ JIS Q 1*,/ :,**/ GLP ISOIEC 1*,/ :,**/ / : * : -* ISOIEC 1*,/ CRM PT CRM PT Horwitz, W : Protocol for the design, conduct and interpretation of method-performance studies, Pure & Appl.
49 : 361, -. Chem., 01 (,), ---.- (33/). Horwitz, W. et al : Quality assurance in the analysis of foods for trace constituents, J. Assoc. O#. Anal. Chem., 0- (0), -..-/. (32*). Thompson, M. : Recent trends in inter-laboratory precision at ppb and sub-ppb concentrations in relation to fitness for purpose criteria in proficiency testing, Analyst,,/, -2/-20 (,***). Thompson, M., Ellison, S.L.R. and Wood, R. : Harmonized / 0 guidelines for single-laboratory validation of methods of analysis, Pure & Appl.Chem., 1. (/), 2-/2// (,**,). ICH : Validation of analytical procedures : Text and Mehodology Q, (R) (,**/). Thompson, M., Ellison, S.L.R. and Wood, R. : The international harmonized protocol for the proficiency testing of analytical chemistry laboratories, Pure & Appl. Chem., 12 (),./30 (,**0). 3.