73rd lesson ( レッスン第 73 回 ) (25-50 mins) Today s Pattern( 今日のパターン ) Type 1 Conditional Clauses( 条件節その 1: 仮定法未来 ) Today s Sentence( 今日の例文 ) If the weather clears, we will go for a walk. ( もし天気がよければ 私たちは散歩に出かけるでしょう ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Objectives of this material( このテキストの目的 ) 1. Broaden word expressions, not only to understand but also to construct them. ( 基本文型を理解するだけでなく 使いこなせるようになる ) 2. Gain confidence in speaking by completing simple practice conversations. ( 簡単な会話練習から始めて 英会話の自信をつける ) 3. Feel your progress and enjoy English! ( 自分の上達を実感し 英語を楽しむ ) Page 1
Previous Lessons Review( これまでのレッスンの復習 ) (5-10 mins) Directions: Practice the sentence pattern of your previous lessons.( これまで勉強したパ ターンを復習しましょう ) 0-1. Clauses of Purpose You re here early. I thought you have to work late tonight. I finished everything as soon as I can meet the deadline. 0-2. Adverbial Clause -Place What can you say about the life of a famous person? Being famous is difficult., the press and fans always follow. 0-3. Adverbial Clauses- Manner The house is so messy. I wonder why it s so messy. It s a storm hit this place. 0-4. Adverbial Clause Manner and Truth In your country, do you enjoy watching talent shows? To tell the truth,. 0-5. Adverbial Clauses (in that / in so far as / except) What is the name of the best restaurant you ve been to? I think the best would be in that. Page 2
Grammar Review( 文法の復習 ) (5-10 mins) Type 1 Conditional clauses are used to talk about future and present situations that are possible or likely to happen. Forms and Usage: If-clause Main clause Usage 1. If + simple present simple future Expresses certainty or If the weather clears, we will go for a walk. near certainty 2. If + simple present If we have fair weather tomorrow, may we may go for a swim. Expresses a possibility. 3. If + simple present must Expresses that it is If we have fair weather tomorrow, we must go for a swim. necessary or desirable to do this. 4. If + simple present If you want to stay in shape, should you should exercise and follow a healthy diet. Expresses advice. 条件法 ( 仮定法 ) もしも なら という条件を表す文を条件法( 仮定法 ) といい 未来 現在 過去など時制によって動詞のパターンが決められています このレッスンでは 未来のことを表わす条件法 ( 仮定法 ) について勉強します 近い未来を表す条件法 ( 仮定法未来 ) 近い未来を表す文で もしも なら という仮定を意味する if 節が用いられた場合 if 節ではたとえ未来のことであっても動詞は現在形や現在完了形を用います まれに should を用いて 条件の実現度が低い場合や丁寧さを表現することがあります 一方 主節では will may must などの未来 現在を推量する助動詞を用います 例文 : If the weather clears, we will go for a walk. ( もし天気が良ければ 私たちは散歩に出かけるでしょう ) If I should see him, I will ask him to ring you. ( もし彼に会えたら あなたに電話するよう頼むでしょう ) Page 3
条件を表す文で if 節の代わりに命令文 +and / or が使われる場合もあり しなさい そ うすれば / さもないと という意味になります 例文 : Fail to pay, and they ll cut off the electricity. ( 滞納してみなさい そうすれば電気を止められるでしょう ) Stop borrowing money, or you ll be in trouble. ( 借金をやめなさい さもないと大変なことになるでしょう ) Page 4
Exercise 1( エクササイズ 1) (3-6 mins) Directions: Repeat after your tutor.( 講師に続けて言ってください ) Example( 例文 ): If the weather clears, we will go for a walk. ( もし天気が良ければ 私たちは散歩に行くでしょう ) 1-1. If it rains tomorrow, they have to cancel their trip. ( 彼らは旅行を中止しなければなりません ) I will stay at home. ( 私は家にいるでしょう ) she will buy a new umbrella. ( 彼女は新しい傘を買うでしょう ) they must stay in the hotel. ( 彼らはホテルに泊まらなければなりません ) 1-2. If you want to run a marathon, you should do plenty of stretches before and after. you should have a high energy diet. you should buy the right shoes. you should develop a training routine. 1-3. If you feel tired, you may go home and take a rest. you must not join the party tonight you may take a ten-minute break. you must eat healthy snacks instead of junk food. Page 5
Exercise 2( エクササイズ 2) (3-6 mins) Directions: Complete the exercise below to make a sentence.( 下の文章を完成させてください ) Example( 例文 ): If the weather clears, we will go for a walk. ( もし天気が良ければ 私たちは散歩に行くでしょう ) 2-1. If you hard, you ll pass the test. ( もし一生懸命 すれば 試験に合格するでしょう ) 2-2. If it s sunny, we ll to the park. ( もし晴れれば 私たちは公園へ でしょう ) 2-3. If you have diabetes, you avoid sweets. ( もし糖尿病になったら 甘いものを避け ) 2-4. If you cook supper, I ll the dishes. ( もしあなたが夕食を作るなら 私は皿を でしょう ) 2-5. If you are not feeling well, you see a doctor. ( もし気分がすぐれなければ 医者に診て ) diabetes: 糖尿病 Page 6
Exercise 3( エクササイズ 3) (3-6 mins) Directions: Match the words below to make a correct sentence or phrase. There may be multiple combinations. Choose the best answer.( 左と右の言葉を組み合わせて文章を完成 させてください 対応する組み合わせはひとつとは限りません ) If 3-1. insects get into your garden, people will be in danger. 3-2. you are free we must fly some kites. 3-3. lions escape from the zoo, we ll go snowboarding. 3-4. it snows tomorrow, tomorrow, we ll watch a movie. 3-5. it s windy this weekend, they will harm your plants. If he 3-6. wants to lose weight, should come to the party. 3-7. takes John with him, I ll be able to buy that car. 3-8. is feeling better, he Cindy will be very pleased. 3-9. brings his car, you may he should follow a strict diet. 3-10. lends me money, get a lift home. Page 7
Exercise 4( エクササイズ 4) (3-6 mins) Directions: Practice having a conversation with your tutor.( 講師と会話を練習しましょ う ) What places have you been to? I ve been to New York. If you go there, you must <try / tries / will try> the cheesecake at Lindy s cafe. Is it really delicious? Yes. If you <eat / eaten / eats> it with a cup of green tea, it ll taste even better. Sounds good. What else can I do in New York? If the weather is fine, you must <walk / walks / have walked> along the streets of 15th Avenue, near the Empire State Building. Have you gone to the Empire State Building? Yes, I have. I went there with a friend. If you can come with me next time, I ll <take / takes / has taken> you there. I do hope so. Also, if you go to New York during summer, you must <visit / visits / visited> Central Park. There are lots of sporting events there. Page 8
Exercise 5( エクササイズ 5) (3-6 mins) Directions: Practice having a conversation with your tutor.( 講師と会話を練習しましょ う ) What will you do tomorrow? ( あしたはどうする?) If it s sunny,. ( 晴れたら ) What if it rains? ( 雨だったら?) If it rains,. ( 雨だったら ) Do you always have a plan B? ( いつも別のプランを用意してるんだ?) Yes, I always have a second plan. If you don t have a back-up plan. ( うん そうだよ 別のプランがないと ) You re right. ( そうだね ) I should be prepared if. ( もし 備えておかないと ) plan B: 次の手段 Page 9
Exercise 6( エクササイズ 6) (5-10 mins) Directions: Practice and enjoy a free talk with your tutor.( 講師とフリートークを楽しみ ながら練習してください ) Guide Questions from the tutor:( 講師は次の質問で会話を始めます ) 6-1. What must you do to stay in shape? 6-2. What will you buy if you have extra money? 6-3. What may happen if you eat lots of candies? 6-4. What should you do if you have a headache? Page 10