YMCA YMCA The Shanghai Land Regulations Shanghai French Concession Shanghai International Settlement - YMCA YMCA

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1 - * ** *** Research on the Sports Activities of Foreigners in the Shanghai Concessions: through an Analysis of Articles in the Shen Bao ( ) MAI Yuan* OHKUMA Hiroaki** TAHARA Junko*** Abstract In order to discuss the process involved in the introduction and development of modern sports in China, it is necessary to clarify the sports activities of foreigners in the concessions. This research examines the sporting events engaged in by foreigners in the Shanghai concessions, which were the largest in size and also had the largest number of foreign residents, through an analysis of articles appearing in the Chinese language newspaper the Shen Bao ( ). The purpose thereupon is to clarify the circumstances surrounding the daily sport activities of foreigners and sports competitions and their new view of sports for the Chinese. The research clarified the following: (1) among the sports activities of foreigners in the Shanghai concessions, the Chinese had the greatest interest in horse racing, followed by boat races and athletic meets, (2) the activities had some colonial characters and (3) they first came into contact with the sports activities of foreigners by watching them as spectators. And they became aware for the first time, through the manner in which foreigners participated in sports activities, that sports were also leisure activities, that they were beneficial in training all parts of the body and also had a positive effect on health, and that sports required clearly-defined rules, organizations and venues. Keywords: Shanghai concessions, Shen Bao, modern sports, acceptance of sports YMCA - * Graduate School, Kokushikan University ** Professor emeritus, University of Tsukuba *** Kokushikan University

2 YMCA YMCA The Shanghai Land Regulations Shanghai French Concession Shanghai International Settlement - YMCA YMCA

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6 18 麦 媛 大 熊 㻞㻠 グ 㻞㻟 㻞㻞 㻞㻝 㻞㻜 㻝㻥 㻝㻤 㻝㻣 㻝㻢 㻝㻡 㻝㻠 㻝㻟 㻝㻞 㻝㻝 㻝㻜 㻥 㻤 㻣 㻢 㻡 㻠 㻟 㻞 㻝 㻜 廣 明 田 原 淳 子 䠘グ 䛾 䠚 ➇㤿䠖482 䝪䞊䝖䠖117 ➇㤿 䝪䞊䝖 㐠 䠄㝣 ➇ 䛭䛾 ᖺ 図 申報 におけるスポーツ関連記事数の変化 ボートレースに関する記事 られていなかったからである 競馬場で行われた ボートレースに関する記事数は創刊から1885年 外国人の盛大な祭りのような運動会は 多くの中 までの14年間 上昇傾向を示している 図 上 国人の興味を引きつけた 一般の中国人は運動会 海 租 界 に お け る 外 国 人 の ボ ー ト ク ラ ブ The の知識に乏しかったため 申報 は常に運動会 Shanghai Rowing Club は1864年 頃 に 創 設 さ れ の各種目などを紹介した 年 ま で 毎 年 定 期 的 に レ ー ス が 行 わ れ た 当時の 申報 は読者の興味本位の視点から ボートレースは入場制限のない屋外スポーツの一 読者の関心がある話題の記事を多く掲載した31 つであり 激しい動きを伴う競技として すぐ 従って 1887年から運動会に関する記事数は極端 29 申報 が創 に中国人の興味を引きつけた に減少し 開催日時などが報道されなくなったの 刊した年は外国人のボートレースが始まって 9 年 は 読者のこれらの記事に対する関心度が減少し 目で ボートレースを見ることはすでに中国人の たためだと言えよう その背景として 前年の 新しい娯楽の一つとなっていた30 申報 はボー 1886年から中国人男性の競技場 競馬場 内への トの種類や漕手の人数などについても報道してい 入場が許可されたため 運動会が珍しいものでは たが 1886年から1892年にかけてボートレースに なくなったことが関係していると思われる32 つ 関する記事数が減少してからは ボートレースの まり 一般の中国人が運動会を直接観戦できるよ 開催日時とその結果が主な報道内容になった うになったことにより 申報 が唯一の情報源で はなくなり 種々の方法で上海市民に運動会の情 2.3 運動会 陸上競技 に関する記事 報が伝達されるようになったためだと考えられる 運動会 陸上競技 に関する記事数は 創刊年 また 19世紀の後半から上海に設立されるように から1886年までむらはあるが 概ね上昇の傾向を なったミッションスクールでは体育の授業で陸上 示している 図 これは上海租界の外国人の運 競技を教えていたし セント ジョーンズ大学33 動会が中国人にとって全く新しい競技で よく知 では1890年から毎年運動会を開催した34 これら

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