e.g. Kubota 2011 Piller & Takahashi 2006 Kubota 2011 Piller & Takahashi 2006 Kubota 2011 Piller et al Heller 2003 Piller, Takahashi & Watanabe

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2 e.g. Kubota 2011 Piller & Takahashi 2006 Kubota 2011 Piller & Takahashi 2006 Kubota 2011 Piller et al Heller 2003 Piller, Takahashi & Watanabe Kelly & Jones, 2003 edu-tourism Lotherington 2007 Phipps & Gonzalez Kubota

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12 pp https://www.jpf.go.jp/ j/project/japanese/survey/area/country/2014/hong kong.html N1 9 pp pp pp Journal CAJLE Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011). Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (4th ed.) (pp. 1-19). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Heller, M. (2003). Globalization, the new economy, and the commodification of language and identity. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 7(4), Kelly, M., & Jones, D. (2003). A new landscape for languages. London: Nuffield Foundation. Kubota, R. (2011). Learning a foreign language as leisure and consumption: Enjoyment, desire, and the business of eikaiwa. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 14, Lotherington, H. (2007). Diary of an edu-tourist in Costa Rica: An autoethnographical account of learning Spanish. TESL Canada Journal, 24(2), Norton Peirce, B. (1995). Social identity, investment, and language learning. TESOL Quarterly, 29(1), Piller, I., & Takahashi, K. (2006). A passion for English: Desire and the language market. In A. Pavlenko (Ed.), Bilingual minds: Emotional experience, expression and representation (pp ). Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. Piller, I., Takahashi, K., & Watanabe, Y. (2010). The dark side of TESOL: The hidden costs of the consumption of English. Cross-Cultural Studies, 20, Phipps, A., & Gonzalez, M. (2004). Modern languages: 94

13 pp Learning and teaching in an intercultural field. London: Sage. 95

14 Studies of Language and Cultural Education, 13 (2015) ISSN Article How is a Japanese language teacher experiencing the commodification of education? SEO, Masaki * SEO, Yukiko YONEMOTO, Kazuhiro Ibaraki University, Japan Graduate School of Letters, Tokyo Medical and Dental Osaka University, Japan University, Japan Abstract In this paper, we explore how Ms. Ikeda (pseudonym), who worked at a Japanese language school in Hong Kong, experienced the commodification of education. As a part-time instructor, Ms. Ikeda followed the institutional policy that tries to commodify its Japanese language education by overemphasizing learners satisfaction. Thus, she was experiencing a dilemma about what she wanted to do, what her learners wanted to do, and what the institution wanted her to do. From our research findings, it is clear that the commodification of education poses a risk of producing educational practices that are biased to learners superficial interests. We need to include the teachers perspective in order to overcome the problems of the commodification and consumption of Japanese language education. Copyright 2015 by Association for Language and Cultural Education Keywords: commodification of education; consumption; teacher s experiences/attitudes * 96

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