Mikhail S. Gorbachev

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1

2 Mikhail S. Gorbachev

3 Nagy Imre harc

4 Yurii V. Andropov Leonid I. Brezhnev Konstantin U. Chernenko

5 Edward Gierek Ronald W. Reagan

6 Alexander

7 SDI Lengyel Nikita S. Khrushchev

8

9 Fock Nyers Havasi Ferenc Pozsgay Imre Berecz

10 Nikolay I. Ryzhkov Rainer M. Rajnai Biszku

11 Helen Hardman

12 Bihari

13

14 Vadim Medvedev Anastas I. Mikoyan KGB Vladimir Kryuchkov KGB

15 Roger Gough

16 Erich Honecker

17 Todor Zhivkov Wojciech Jaruzelski

18 Szerkesztette:, Szalay Antal. A puha a Budapest:, 1994; Rudolf L., Hungary s Negotiated Revolution: Economic Reform, Social Change and Political Succession, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996; Lengyel, A : az harc, Rubicon, 1998, 1, 4045.o.; Attila, Az MSZMP folyamata atagja viszonya ,, 2009, 4, 6491.o. Tibor, politikai november Budapest: Szabad -Kossuth, 2003; Roger Gough, A Good Comrade:, Communism and Hungary New York: I. B. Tauris, Rainer M., Budapest: 1956os 2003; Helen Hardman, Gorbachev s Export of Perestroika to Eastern Europe: Democarisation Reconsidered Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press, Roger Gough, op. cit., p M. Sz. Gorbacsov szeptember 25. In: Szemle, 34, 12, 1992, o. Uo., o. Magyar MOL Budapest, MDP-MSZMP Iratok 288.f.5/964.. Roger Gough, op. cit., p Mitrovits 1968ban

19 . In: Szerkesztette: -Mitrovits. a 20. magyar Budapest: 2012, o. MOL 288.f. 5/971. MOL 288.f. 5/983. Ripp, Budapest:, 2006, 23.o. Lengyel i. m., 41.o. Szerkesztette: Tibor. Kedves,!: Budapest: Osiris, 2002, o. MOL f.4/ 225. Szerkesztette: Magdolna, Rainer M.. Gorbacsov magyar : Dokumentumok az egykori SZKP MSZMP Budapest: 1956os, 2000, o.Gorbacsov magyar Rainer M., i. m., 195.o. Gorbacsov magyar o. Gorbacsov magyar o., korunk Budapest: 1997,, 381.o.; Lengyel, i. m., 42.o. Gorbacsov magyar, o. Helen Hardman, op. cit., p Lengyel, i. m., 44.o. Tibor, politikai, 305.o., Szalay Antal, i. m., 25.o

20 Berecz,... az van! 2 Budapest: Duna International, 2008, 282.o. Roger Gough, op. cit., pp Rudolf L., op. cit., p. 282; Roger Gough, op. cit., p MOL 288.f.4/ Gorbacsov magyar o., Szalay Antal, i. m., 105.o., i. m., 387.o. a : Mihail Gorbacsov. In:, 1998,1, 2829.o. a Berecz, i. m., 262.o., 28.o. Uo., 29.o. Roger Gough, op. cit., p Csaba, Magyar a szovjet rendszerben, In: Szerkesztette: Gazdag Ferenc Kiss J.. Magyar a 20. Budapest: 2004, 167.o. Andrei Grachev, Gorbachev s Gamble: Soviet Foreign Policy & the End of the Cold War Cambridge: Polity Press, 2008, p Pozsgay Imre, 1989 : Politikus-a a Budapest:, 1993, 75.o

21 The End of the -Era 1988 and Soviet-Hungarian Relations Akira OGINO The aim of this paper is to examine an international background of removal from the General Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers Party HSWP in The author regards an external factor of downfall as important. This study is focused on how Mikhail S. Gorbachev, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, had an influence on the situation within the HSWP between 1985 and In spite of cracking down on the opposing forces after the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the -regime started to relax its domestic control and to introduce economic reform within the frame of the one-party rule in the 1960s. In addition, Hungary sought to established good relations with Western countries pragmatically. However, and his colleagues hesitated to carry out drastic reform in the face of economic crisis in the mid 1980s. Gorbachev thought that prevented Hungary from finding a way out of the difficulties. Gorbachev advised to find a suitable successor and retire. But refused Gorbachev s proposal. As a result, Gorbachev had an intention of removing from power to modernize the leadership of the HSWP. It was important for Gorbachev to find a moderate reform leader within the HSWP in order to export his perestroika to Eastern Europe. Gorbachev supported the Prime Minister, to grasp power in Hungary. Finally had to give up his position at the HSWP National Conference in May This paper consists of following sections: 1. Introduction 2. Gorbachev and

22 3. Gorbachev and 4. Downfall 5. Conclusion

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