_openglcl
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- ふじきみ とりこし
- 5 years ago
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1 0 0 GPU Graphics Processing Unit CG GPU CG CG GPU OpenGL/GLSL CG D CG D CG GPU CG D CG D CG GPU CG GPU GPGPU General-Purpose computing on Graphics Processing Units GPU GPGPU OpenCL OpenCL OpenGL Windows MacOS Live Campus OpenGL Graphical Processing Unit google Graphics Processing Unit Graphical...
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3 OpenGL OpenGL/GLSL CG 0. GPU CPU GPU GPU CPU API Application Program Interface OpenGL OpenGL CG DirectX, GLSL OpenGL Shading Language OpenGL GPU 0 OpenGL GPU API GPU OpenGL 0 GPU OpenGL CG OpenGL OpenGL DirectX Windows OpengL GPU APU Vulkan Metal Metal
4 OpenGL.: GLSL OpenGL GPU CG. OpenGL/GLSL CG. 0.. CG. OpenCL
5 OpenGL OpenGL OpenGL OpenGL PC OpenGL OpenGL PC OS CG OS OS OS OS PC OS API GLUT OpenGL Utility Toolkit GLUT CG GLUT OpenGL API GLUT MacOS deprecated API GLFW GLUT OpenGL gl GLUT glut OpenGL OpenGL/GLUT OpenGL GLUT GLFW
6 OpenGL GPU GPU 0 0 GPU Visual Studio Xcode OpenGL.. Metal Xcode
7 OpenGL. GPU OpenGL C OpenGL 0 vertex shader... vertex D CG GPU GPGPU fragment shader DirectX pixel= GLSL GLSL C C
8 OpenGL void display() /* */ int main() /* */ glutdisplayfunc(display); // callback glutmainloop(); // return 0;.: C.. OpenGL/GLSL GLUT. GLUT callback glutdisplayfunc(display) display() GLUT glutmainloop() 0 GLUT GLUT / glutdisplayfunc() display() void glutdisplayfunc(void (*func)(void)); func void glutmainloop(void);
9 OpenGL void initsystem() /* */ void initdata() /* */ void display() /* */ int main() initsystem(); initdata(); glutdisplayfunc(display); // callback glutmainloop(); // return 0;.: main initsystem() initdata(). 0. CG.
10 OpenGL.: OpenGL DirectX Metal Unity / /. OpenGL... GLuint program; 0
11 OpenGL #include <iostream> using namespace std; #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #if defined(win) # pragma comment(lib, "glew.lib") # include "glew.h" # include "glut.h" # include "glext.h" #elif defined( APPLE ) defined(macosx) # include <GLUT/glut.h> #else # define GL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES # include <GL/glut.h> #endif void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]); void initdata(); void display(void); GLuint compileprogram(glenum type, const GLchar *file);.: program OpenGL name of a program object name. glutinit(&argc, argv) 0 GLUT int argc, char *argv[] 0. glutinitdisplaymode(glut RGBA GLUT SINGLE) 0 void glutinit(int *argcp, char **argv); void glutinitdisplaymode(unsigned int mode);
12 OpenGL GLuint program; void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]) glutinit(&argc, argv); glutinitdisplaymode(glut_rgb GLUT_SINGLE); glutinitwindowsize(,); glutcreatewindow("test Window"); glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,); #if defined(win) glewinit(); #endif GLuint vs = compileprogram(gl_vertex_shader, "shader.vert"); GLuint fs = compileprogram(gl_fragment_shader, "shader.frag"); program = glcreateprogram(); glattachshader(program, vs); glattachshader(program, fs); gllinkprogram(program); gluseprogram(program);.: GLUT RGBA GLUT SINGLE CG GLUT SINGLE GLUT DOUBLE. glutinitwindowsize(,). void glutinitwindowsize(int width, int height); void glutinitwindowposition(int x, int y);
13 OpenGL glutcreatewindow("test Window") Test Window. glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,) (r, g, b, a) =(0., 0., 0., )..0 glclear() 0. glewinit(); Windows MacOS glew Windows. GLuint vs = compileprogram(gl VERTEX SHADER, "shader.vert") 0 compileprogram(). OpenGL GL VERTEX SHADER shader.vert.. int glutcreatewindow(char *name); name int void glutsetwindow(int win); void glclearcolor(glfloat red, GLfloat green, GLfloat blue, GLfloat alpha); GLfloat float
14 OpenGL GLuint fs = compileprogram(gl FRAGMENT SHADER, "shader.frag") 0. program = glcreateprogram() program. 0 glattachshader(program, vs) glattachshader(program, fs) vs fs program. gllinkprogram(program) program GPU. gluseprogram(program) 0 program GPU compileprogram(). GLuint glcreateprogram(void); void glattachshader(gluint program, GLuint shader); void gllinkprogram(gluint program); void gluseprogram(gluint program);
15 OpenGL GLuint compileprogram(glenum type, const GLchar *file) FILE* fp = fopen(file, "r"); #define MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE 0000 GLchar ftext[max_shader_file_size]; unsigned long n = fread(ftext,, MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE, fp); ftext[n] = \0 ; fclose(fp); GLuint shader = glcreateshader(type); const GLchar* ftext_handle = ftext; glshadersource(shader,, &ftext_handle, NULL); glcompileshader(shader); return shader;.:. FILE* fp = fopen(file, "r"); #define MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE 0000 GLchar ftext[max_shader_file_size]; unsigned long n = fread(ftext,, MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE, fp); ftext[n] = \0 ; fclose(fp); 0 ftext 0KB. GLuint shader = glcreateshader(type) 0 GL VERTEX SHADER GL FRAGMENT SHADER. const GLchar* ftext handle = ftext; 0 GLuint glcreateshader(glenum shadertype);
16 OpenGL ftext ftext handle. glshadersource(shader,, &ftext handle, NULL). glcompileshader(shader); 0. CG.. 0. const int NUM POINTS = ; display().0 void glshadersource(gluint shader,glsizei count,const GLchar **string,const GLint *length); void glcompileshader(gluint shader)
17 OpenGL const int NUM_POINTS = ; void initdata() float pos[*num_points]; pos[0] = -0.; pos[] = -0.; pos[] = +0.; pos[] = +0.; pos[] = +0.; pos[] = -0.; pos[] = -0.; pos[] = +0.; // GLuint bufid; // glgenbuffers(, &bufid); glbindbuffer(gl_array_buffer, bufid); glbufferdata(gl_array_buffer, sizeof(float)**num_points, pos, GL_STATIC_DRAW); GLint p = glgetattriblocation(program,"position"); glvertexattribpointer(p,, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); glenablevertexattribarray(p); gllinewidth(0);.:. initdata() float pos[*num POINTS]; 0 float NUM POINTS *NUM POINTS GPU double float CG RGB CG GPU 0 NVIDIA Telsa GPGPU GPU
18 OpenGL bit float. 0 (a) x y... x y... (b) pos[0] = -0.; pos[] = -0.; 0 (x, y) =( 0., 0.).... GLuint bufid; glenablevertexattribarray(p); pos GPU. OpenGL (a) OpenGL OpenGL GPU GPU Buffer Object
19 OpenGL pos... attribute vec position;....: GPU (a) OpenGL bufid (b) bufid Vertex Buffer Object (c) bufid GPU CPU (d) attribue p (e) bufid p glgenbuffers(, &bufid) 0 OpenGL. budid OpenGL name GLuint (b) OpenGL void glgenbuffers(glsizei n, GLuint * buffers); n buffer
20 OpenGL 0 0 glbindbuffer(gl ARRAY BUFFER, bufid) bufid GL ARRAY BUFFER GL ARRAY BUFFER Vertex Buffer Object VBO (c) glbufferdata(gl ARRAY BUFFER, sizeof(float)**num POINTS, pos, GL STATIC DRAW) i. GL ARRAY BUFFER glbindbuffer() bufid GL ARRAY BUFFER bufid ii. sizeof(float)**num POINTS GPU iii. pos GPU CPU NULL CPU GPU glbufferdata() iv. GL STATIC DRAW GPU void glbindbuffer(glenum target, GLuint buffer); target OpenGL void glbufferdata(glenum target, GLsizeiptr size, const GLvoid * data, GLenum usage); glmapbuffer() glunmapbuffer() glbuffersubdata() 0
21 OpenGL 0 0 GL STREAM DRAW GL STATIC COPY GL DYNAMIC READ (d) GPU. GLint p = glgetattriblocation(program,"position"); program attribute "position" location p. attribute vec position; (e) glvertexattribpointer(p,, GL FLOAT, GL FALSE, 0, 0) 0 i. p arrribute glgetattriblocation() "position" VBO glbindbuffer() bufid VBO arrribute ii. VBO A. arrribute,, GLint glgetattriblocation(gluint program, const GLchar *name); 0 void glvertexattribpointer(gluint index, GLint size, GLenum type, GLboolean normalized, GLsizei stride, const GLvoid * pointer);
22 OpenGL 0 0 B. GL FLOAT float GL BYTE GL UNSIGNED BYTE GL SHORT GL UNSIGNED SHORT GL INT GL UNSIGNED INT. attribute vec position; position vec float C. GL FALSE, 0, 0 (f) glenablevertexattribarray(p) p arrribute (g) gllinewidth(0).0 display() initdata() display().0. gluseprogram(program) initsystem() void glenablevertexattribarray(gluint index); void gllinewidth(glfloat width);
23 OpenGL void display(void)// gluseprogram(program); glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); gldrawarrays(gl_lines,0,num_points); glflush();.0:. glclear(gl COLOR BUFFER BIT). glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,) GL COLOR BUFFER BIT D CG. gldrawarrays(gl LINES,0,NUM POINTS) 0 0 gluseprogram(program) (a)... GL POINTS... GL LINES, GL LINE STRIP, GL LINE LOOP... GL TRIANGLES, GL TRIANGLE STRIP, GL TRIANGLE FAN GL LINES (b) initdata() 0 0 void glclear(glbitfield mask); void gldrawarrays(glenum mode, GLint first, GLsizei count);
24 OpenGL int main(int argc, char *argv[]) initsystem(argc,argv); initdata(); glutdisplayfunc(display); glutmainloop(); return 0;.: (c) NUM POINTS.. glflush() 0 gldrawarrays() gldrawarrays() gldrawarrays() PC glflush() OpenGL main.... OpenGL/GLSL... void glflush(void);
25 OpenGL #version 0 attribute vec position; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0);.:. #version 0 GLSL.. attribute attribute vec position; position initdata() initdata(). main 0 gl Position = vec(position,0.0,.0); vec gl Position (x, y, z, w) (X, Y, Z) =( x w, y w, z w ) OpenGL.0 X.0,.0 Y.0,.0 Z.0, w > 0
26 OpenGL #version 0 void main(void) gl_fragcolor = vec(.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);.:.0 X.0.0 Y.0 (X, Y ) Z attribute position x px y py vec(position,0.0,.0) (x, y, z, w) =(px, py, 0.0,.0) 0.0,.0 px, py (X, Y,Z) =(px, py, 0.0).0 px.0,.0 py.0... main gl FragColor = vec(.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); 0 vec gl FragColor 0 (.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0).
27 OpenGL.: GPU initdata() attribute position GPU gl Position gldrawarrays() GL LINES gl FragColor GPU
28 OpenGL D CG..
29 OpenGL struct PositionD float x; float y; ;.: struct ArrayBuffer GLuint bufid; // int size; // attribute ; ArrayBuffer(float* data, int s, int n); //.:... PositionD. PositionD 0.. ArrayBuffer. ArrayBuffer GPU. class struct class class ArrayBuffer public:... struct
30 OpenGL struct Shader GLuint program; // Shader(const char* vsn, const char* fsn); void use(); // // ; void bindarraybuffer(const char* vname, ArrayBuffer* ap); //attribute void run(glenum mode, int n); // GLuint compileprogram(glenum type, const GLchar *file); // void buildprogram(const GLchar *vsfile, const GLchar *fsfile); //.: ArrayBuffer(float* data, int s, int n)... float float attribute float bufid size 0.. Shader. Shader.. Shader(const char* vsn, const char* fsn)... void use()... void bindarraybuffer(const char* vname, ArrayBuffer* ap)... attribute 0
31 OpenGL Shader *sp;// void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]) glutinit(&argc,argv); glutinitdisplaymode(glut_rgb GLUT_SINGLE); glutinitwindowsize(,); glutcreatewindow("test Window"); glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,); #if defined(win) glewinit(); #endif sp = new Shader("shader.vert","shader.frag"); // sp->use();.: initsystem() attribute ArrayBuffer void run(glenum mode, int n)... GL LINES program compileprogram() buildprogram().. initsystem() initdata() display() ArrayBuffer. Shader.
32 OpenGL const int NUM_POINTS = ;// void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; pos[].x = -0.; pos[].y = +0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,, NUM_POINTS); // sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); //position ab gllinewidth(0.0);.: initdata() void display(void) glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_lines,num_points);.0: display() ArrayBuffer::ArrayBuffer(float* data, int s, int n) size = s; glgenbuffers(, &bufid); glbindbuffer(gl_array_buffer, bufid); glbufferdata(gl_array_buffer, sizeof(float)*size*n, data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);.: ArrayBuffer
33 OpenGL Shader::Shader(const char* vsn, const char* fsn) buildprogram(vsn, fsn); void Shader::use() gluseprogram(program); void Shader::bindArrayBuffer(const char* vname, ArrayBuffer* ap) glbindbuffer(gl_array_buffer, ap->bufid); GLint p = glgetattriblocation(program,vname); glvertexattribpointer(p, ap->size, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); glenablevertexattribarray(p); void Shader::run(GLenum mode, int n) gldrawarrays(mode,0,n); glflush(); GLuint Shader::compileProgram(GLenum type, const GLchar *file) FILE* fp = fopen(file, "r"); #define MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE 0000 GLchar ftext[max_shader_file_size]; unsigned long n = fread(ftext,, MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE, fp); ftext[n] = \0 ; fclose(fp); GLuint shader = glcreateshader(type); const GLchar* ftext_handler = (const GLchar*)&ftext; glshadersource(shader,, &ftext_handler, NULL); glcompileshader(shader); return shader; void Shader::buildProgram(const GLchar *vsfile, const GLchar *fsfile) GLuint vs = compileprogram(gl_vertex_shader, vsfile); GLuint fs = compileprogram(gl_fragment_shader, fsfile); program = glcreateprogram(); glattachshader(program, vs); glattachshader(program, fs); gllinkprogram(program);.: Shader
34 OpenGL void Shader::buildProgram(const GLchar *vsfile, const GLchar *fsfile) GLuint vs = compileprogram(gl_vertex_shader, vsfile); GLuint fs = compileprogram(gl_fragment_shader, fsfile); program = glcreateprogram(); glattachshader(program, vs); glattachshader(program, fs); gllinkprogram(program); GLint status; glgetshaderiv(program, GL_LINK_STATUS, &status); if (!status) cerr << "program link error: " << endl; GLsizei infologlength; glgetprogramiv(program, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infologlength); GLchar * infolog = new GLchar[infologLength]; if (infolog == NULL) cerr << "ERROR: Could not allocate InfoLog buffer" << endl; else int charswritten = 0; glgetprograminfolog(program, infologlength, &charswritten, infolog); cerr << "Program InfoLog:" << endl << infolog << endl; delete infolog; exit();.: 0.. Shader::compileProgram() Shader::buildProgram().. cerr attribute attribute Shader::bindArrayBuffer() attribute p..
35 OpenGL GLuint Shader::compileProgram(GLenum type, const GLchar *file) FILE* fp = fopen(file, "r"); #define MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE 0000 GLchar ftext[max_shader_file_size]; unsigned long n = fread(ftext,, MAX_SHADER_FILE_SIZE, fp); ftext[n] = \0 ; fclose(fp); GLuint shader = glcreateshader(type); const GLchar* ftext_handler = (const GLchar*)&ftext; glshadersource(shader,, &ftext_handler, NULL); glcompileshader(shader); GLint status; glgetshaderiv(shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &status); if (!status) cerr << "shader compile error: " << file << endl; GLsizei infologlength; glgetprogramiv(shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infologlength); GLchar * infolog = new GLchar[infologLength]; if (infolog == NULL) cerr << "ERROR: Could not allocate InfoLog buffer" << endl; else int charswritten = 0; glgetshaderinfolog(shader, infologlength, &charswritten, infolog); cerr << "Shader InfoLog:" << endl << infolog << endl; delete infolog; exit(); return shader;.:
36 OpenGL void Shader::bindArrayBuffer(const char* vname, ArrayBuffer* ap) glbindbuffer(gl_array_buffer, ap->bufid); GLint p = glgetattriblocation(program,vname); if(p < 0) cerr << "attribute name error: "<< vname << endl; exit(); glvertexattribpointer(p, ap->size, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); glenablevertexattribarray(p);.: Shader::bindArrayBuffer() attribute
37 OpenGL.:.. attribute position attribute attribute. p p B B p B B = p p p p B + p p p p B (.) GPU 0... initdata() bri ArrayBuffer in brightness attribute
38 OpenGL void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; pos[].x = -0.; pos[].y = +0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); float bri[num_points]; bri[0] = 0.0; bri[] =.0; bri[] = 0.0; bri[] =.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)bri,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("in_brightness",&ab); gllinewidth(0.0);.: initdata()... attribute in brightness out brightness varying varying main in brightness out brightness 0... varying out brightness
39 OpenGL #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute float in_brightness; varying float out_brightness; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0); out_brightness = in_brightness;.: #version 0 varying float out_brightness; void main(void) gl_fragcolor = vec(out_brightness, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);.: varying out brightness main out brightness RGB GPU
40 OpenGL.0:.: RGB RGB.. RGB float attribute GPU attribute float RGB attribute. RGB 0
41 OpenGL struct RGB float r; float g; float b; ;.: RGB p p RGB C C p RGB C C = p p p p C + p p p p C (.) GPU.. RGB.. initdata() rgb RGB ArrayBuffer in color attribute 0... attribute in color RGB varying out color vec float vec RGB...
42 OpenGL void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; pos[].x = -0.; pos[].y = +0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); RGB rgb[num_points]; rgb[0].r =.0; rgb[0].g =.0; rgb[0].b =.0; // rgb[].r =.0; rgb[].g = 0.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; // rgb[].r = 0.0; rgb[].g =.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; // rgb[].r = 0.0; rgb[].g = 0.0; rgb[].b =.0; // ArrayBuffer ab((float*)rgb,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("in_color",&ab); gllinewidth(0.0);.: RGB initdata() varying main out color out color vec gl FragColor vec RGB RGB RGB
43 OpenGL #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute vec in_color; varying vec out_color; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0); out_color = in_color;.: RGB #version 0 varying vec out_color; void main(void) gl_fragcolor = vec(out_color, 0.0);.: RGB.:
44 OpenGL.: 0. point sprite 0 0 PC sprite GPU RGB.
45 OpenGL void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]) glutinit(&argc,argv); glutinitdisplaymode(glut_rgb GLUT_SINGLE); glutinitwindowsize(,); glutcreatewindow("test Window"); glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,); #if defined(win) glewinit(); #endif glenable(gl_point_sprite); // glenable(gl_vertex_program_point_size); // sp = new Shader("shader.vert","shader.frag"); sp->use();.: initsystem()... glenable(gl POINT SPRITE) gl PointSize gl PointSize glenable(gl VERTEX PROGRAM POINT SIZE) 0 gl PointSize. initsystem() initdata().. display() void glenable(glenum cap); cap OpenGL OpenGL void gldisable(glenum cap);
46 OpenGL void display(void)// glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_points,num_points); // GL_POINTS.: display() #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute vec in_color; varying vec out_color; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0); out_color = in_color; gl_pointsize = 0; //.0:...0 gl PointSize gl PointSize N (x, y) N N GL POINT SIZE MAX
47 OpenGL.:
48 OpenGL.: gl PointCoord vec. [0, ] [0, ] gl PointCoord. [0, ] [0, ] [, ] [, ] vec xy xy length(xy) = xy =sqrt(xy.x*xy.x+xy.y*xy.y).0 out color length() vec vec vec GLSL length(xy)
49 OpenGL #version 0 varying vec out_color; void main(void) vec xy =.0*gl_PointCoord-vec(.0,.0); if(length(xy) <.0) gl_fragcolor = vec(out_color, 0.0); else discard;.: gl_pointcoord.y 0 0 gl_pointcoord.x.: gl PointCoord discard discard....
50 OpenGL.: 0
51 OpenGL.: 0. =polygon CG triangular polygon. p p p p (λ,λ,λ ) λ = p q p q, λ = p q p q, λ = p q p q (.). RGB C C C p RGB C C = λ C + λ C + λ C (.) (λ,λ,λ ) GPU
52 OpenGL p q 0 p p λ q λ λ q p 0.: RGB.. initdata(). OpenGL initsystem().. display() GL TRIANGLES
53 OpenGL const int NUM_POINTS = ; // void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); RGB rgb[num_points]; rgb[0].r =.0; rgb[0].g =.0; rgb[0].b =.0; rgb[].r =.0; rgb[].g = 0.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; rgb[].r = 0.0; rgb[].g =.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)rgb,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("in_color",&ab); gllinewidth(0.0); //.: initdata() void display(void)// glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_triangles,num_points); //.: display().0:
54 OpenGL.0 initsystem() initdata() display() main() Shader void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]) glutinit(&argc,argv); glutinitdisplaymode(glut_rgb GLUT_SINGLE); glutinitwindowsize(,); glutcreatewindow("test Window"); glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,); #if defined(win) glewinit(); #endif // // glenable(gl_point_sprite); glenable(gl_vertex_program_point_size); sp = new Shader("shader.vert","shader.frag"); sp->use();.: initsystem()
55 OpenGL void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); RGB rgb[num_points]; rgb[0].r =.0; rgb[0].g =.0; rgb[0].b =.0; rgb[].r =.0; rgb[].g = 0.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; rgb[].r = 0.0; rgb[].g =.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)rgb,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("in_color",&ab); // gllinewidth(0.0);.: initdata() void display(void) glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_triangles,num_points);/.: display() int main(int argc, char *argv[]) initsystem(argc,argv); initdata(); glutdisplayfunc(display); glutmainloop(); return 0;.: main()
56 OpenGL #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute vec in_color; varying vec out_color; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0); out_color = in_color;.: #version 0 varying vec out_color; void main(void) gl_fragcolor = vec(out_color, 0.0);.:
57 OpenGL.: 0 0. attribute uniform.. 0 uniform uniform GPU. uniform uniform uniform uniform
58 OpenGL.: attribute uniform uniform.. Shader float uniform void setfloat(const char* vname, float val); Shader uniform. GLint p = glgetuniformlocation(program, vname); 0 vname uniform location p glgetuniformlocation(). glgetattriblocation() uniform attribute uniform GLint glgetuniformlocation(gluint program, const GLchar *name);
59 OpenGL void Shader::setFloat(const char* vname, float val) GLint p = glgetuniformlocation(program, vname); if(p < 0) cerr << "uniform name error: " << vname << endl; exit(); gluniformf(p,val);.: Shader::setFloat() void display(void) sp->setfloat("theta",0*m_pi/0.0); glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_triangles,num_points);.0: uniform display() p. gluniformf(p,val) 0 uniform float val gluniformf() gluniformf() gluniformf() gluniformf() vec vec vec uniform gluniformi() int uniform 0... uniform theta θ.0 0 void gluniformf(glint location, GLfloat v0); void gluniformf(glint location, GLfloat v0, GLfloat v); void gluniformf(glint location, GLfloat v0, GLfloat v, GLfloat v); void gluniformf(glint location, GLfloat v0, GLfloat v, GLfloat v, GLfloat v); void gluniformi(glint location, GLint v0);
60 OpenGL #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute vec in_color; varying vec out_color; uniform float theta; // void main(void) float x = cos(theta)*position.x-sin(theta)*position.y; // float y = sin(theta)*position.x+cos(theta)*position.y; // gl_position = vec(x,y,0.0,.0); out_color = in_color;.: display() theta 0 = 0 π/0 sp->setfloat("theta",0*m PI/0.0) initdata() CG display()... theta uniform attribute position gl Position 0... attribute uniform theta cos(theta) sin(theta) unifrorm cos(theta) sin(theta) 0
61 OpenGL theta.:. uniform. theta.. 0. uniform theta. cos(theta) cos(theta) = cos(0 π/0) =
62 OpenGL.: 0 #version 0 varying vec out_color; uniform float theta; void main(void) gl_fragcolor = vec(out_color.r, out_color.g, cos(theta), 0.0);.: uniform vec.x.y.z.r.g.b. CG. CG CG CG glut glut OpenGL
63 OpenGL theta.: CG main glutmainloop() gluttimerfunc(0, timer, ) glut 0 timer() void gluttimerfunc(unsigned int msecs, void (*func)(int value), value);
64 OpenGL t t t t t.:
65 OpenGL void initsystem() /* */ void initdata() /* */ void display() /* */ void timer(int num) // glutpostredisplay(); // glutdisplayfunc() gluttimerfunc(0, timer, num+); // 0 timer(num+) int main() initsystem(); initdata(); glutdisplayfunc(display); gluttimerfunc(0, timer, ); // 0 timer() glutmainloop(); return 0;.: CG timer() glutpostredisplay() glut display() glutdisplayfunc(display) display() timer() display() glutmainloop() void glutpostredisplay(void);
66 OpenGL void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]) glutinit(&argc,argv); glutinitdisplaymode(glut_rgb GLUT_DOUBLE); //SINGLE DOUBLE glutinitwindowsize(,); glutcreatewindow("test Window"); glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,); #if defined(win) glewinit(); #endif glenable(gl_point_sprite); glenable(gl_vertex_program_point_size); sp = new Shader("shader.vert","shader.frag"); sp->use();.: initsystem() void Shader::run(GLenum mode, int n) gldrawarrays(mode,0,n); glutswapbuffers(); // glflush();.: Shader::run() timer() 0 timer() main gluttimerfunc(0, timer, ) gluttimerfunc(0, timer, num+) timer() num timer() num timer() 0 000/0 = 0 FPS Frames Per Sec 0 0 OpenGL. GLUT SINGLE GLUT DOUBLE GPU
67 OpenGL double theta = 0.0; // void display(void) sp->setfloat("theta",theta); // uniform glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_triangles,num_points); theta += 0.0; //.0: display(). Shader run()... glutswapbuffers() 0.0 uniform theta 0.0 theta sp->setfloat("theta",theta) GPU uniform theta FPS rad. 0 0/ =. initdata(). CG CG CG void glutswapbuffers(void);
68 OpenGL
69 CG texture D CG GPU. 0.. TextureD ArrayBuffer... TextureD TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w) tnum 0 0 data RGBA w data.
70 .: struct TextureD GLuint texid; // GLint num; // ; TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w);.: TextureD. num = tnum; TextureD num. glgentextures(, &texid). glgenbuffers(, &bufid) OpenGL bufid void glgentextures(glsizei n, GLuint * textures); 0
71 TextureD::TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w) num = tnum; glgentextures (, &texid); glbindtexture(gl_texture_d,texid); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_GENERATE_MIPMAP, GL_FALSE); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glteximaged(gl_texture_d, 0, GL_RGBA, w, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_FLOAT, data);.: TextureD. glbindtexture(gl TEXTURE D,texID) GL TEXTURE D texid OpenGL. OpenGL. gltexparameteri(gl TEXTURE D, GL GENERATE MIPMAP, GL FALSE) 0 texid GL GENERATE MIPMAP GL FALSE gltexparameteri() D CG. void glbindtexture(glenum target, GLuint texture); void gltexparameteri(glenum target, GLenum pname, GLint param);
72 gltexparameteri(gl TEXTURE D, GL TEXTURE MAG FILTER, GL NEAREST) GL NEAREST RGBA... gltexparameteri(gl TEXTURE D, GL TEXTURE MIN FILTER, GL NEAREST) 0 RGBA GL NEAREST MIPMAP NEAREST GL LINEAR MIPMAP NEAREST GL NEAREST GL LINEAR GL NEAREST GL LINEAR. glteximaged(gl TEXTURE D, 0, GL RGBA, w, 0, GL RGBA, GL FLOAT, data) 0 GPU GPU GL TEXTURE D level of detail 0 0 RGBA GL RGBA w void glteximaged(glenum target, GLint level, GLint internalformat, GLsizei width, GLint border, GLenum format, GLenum type, const GLvoid * data);
73 0 0 RGBA GL RGBA float GL FLOAT data data initdata() float RGBA 0.. Shader TextureD ArrayBuffer. glgen...() OpenGL glbind...() ArrayBuffer TextureD ArrayBuffer Shader. void Shader::bindArrayBuffer(const char* vname, ArrayBuffer* ap) TextureD void Shader::bindTexture(const char* vname, TextureD* tp). glbindtexture(gl TEXTURE D,tp->texID) TextureID
74 void Shader::bindTexture(const char* vname, TextureD* tp) glbindtexture(gl_texture_d,tp->texid); GLint p = glgetuniformlocation(program, vname); if(p < 0) cerr << "textured name error: "<< vname << endl; exit(); gluniformi(p, tp->num); glactivetexture(gl_texture0+(tp->num));.: Shader::bindTexture() GLint p = glgetuniformlocation(program, vname); vname uniform location p uniform p gluniformi(p, tp->num) 0 uniform tp->num tp->num. glactivetexture(gl TEXTURE0+(tp->num)) GPU GL TEXTURE0...0 initdata().. RGBA bit initdata()
75 struct RGBA float r; float g; float b; float a; ; // bit void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); float u[num_points]; u[0] = 0.0; u[] =.0; u[] =.0; // ArrayBuffer ab(u,,num_points); // ArrayBuffer sp->bindarraybuffer("in_u",&ab); // RGBA tex[]; for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) tex[i].r = i%; tex[i].g = i%; tex[i].b = i%; tex[i].a = 0.0; TextureD t(0,tex,); sp->bindtexture("tex",&t); // // // TextureD //.: initdata()
76 float u [0, ] u ArrayBuffer ab(u,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("in_u",&ab); 0 attribute in u. gltextimaged() RGBA GL RGBA gltextimaged() GL FLOAT tex RGBA for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) tex[i].r = i%; tex[i].g = i%; tex[i].b = i%; tex[i].a = 0.0; (r, g, b, a) =(0, 0, 0, 0), (,,, 0), (0, 0, 0, 0),..., 0... TextureD tex initsystem() display() main() float
77 #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute float in_u; varying float out_u; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0); out_u = in_u; //.: #version 0 varying float out_u; uniform samplerd tex; void main(void) gl_fragcolor = textured(tex,out_u);.: 0... varying out u uniform GLSL samplerd uniform samplerd tex; OpenGL OpenGL/GLSL
78 : tex : textured(tex,out u) tex out u RGBA [0, ]. [0, ] RGBA textured(tex,out u) 0... uniform vec textured(samplerd s, float coord)
79 :.: 0 tex RGBA. D CG OpenGL/GLSL...
80 TextureD t(0,tex,); TextureD t(0,tex,); RGBA for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) tex[i].r = i%; tex[i].g = i%; tex[i].b = i%; tex[i].a = 0.0; // 0 for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) tex[i].r = i%; // 0.0,.0, 0.0,.0, 0.0, 0.0,... tex[i].g = (i%)/.0; // 0.0, 0.,.0, 0.0, 0.,.0,... tex[i].b = (i%)/.0; // 0.0, 0., 0.,.0, 0.0, 0.,.. tex[i].a = 0.0;.... u[0] = 0.0; u[] =.0; u[] =.0; 0 u[0] = 0.0; u[] =.0; u[] = 0.; //. 0
81 .:.:
82 .: [0, ].. [0, ] u[0] = 0.0; u[] =.0; u[] = 0.; u[0] = -.0; // u[] =.0; // u[] = 0.; OpenGL/GLSL [0, ] x x = mod (x,.0) [0, ] x x x x x 0 x =0 x x x x-x.
83 x x.: x x.: [0, ].. [0, ] x <0 x =0 x > x = x-x.. gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);. 0.. TextureD
84 .: gltexparameteri(gl TEXTURE D, GL TEXTURE MAG FILTER, GL NEAREST); ; gltexparameteri(gl TEXTURE D, GL TEXTURE MAG FILTER, GL LINEAR); ; GL NEAREST GL LINEAR. GL NEAREST RGBA GL LINEAR RGBA RGBA x =0., 0., 0., 0. 0 GL NEAREST x RGBA GL LINEAR x x x< x x x RGBA x <0. x>0..
85 .: :
86
87 .0:.... gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT); 0 GL TEXTURE WRAP S GL REPEAT [0, ]. [0, ]
88 :
89 .: struct TextureD GLuint texid; // GLint num; // ; TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w, int h);.: TextureD.... TextureD. TextureD TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w, int h) h data
90 TextureD::TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w, int h) num = tnum; glgentextures (, &texid); glbindtexture(gl_texture_d,texid); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_GENERATE_MIPMAP, GL_FALSE); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glteximaged(gl_texture_d, 0, GL_RGBA, w, h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_FLOAT, data);.: TextureD.. OpenGL target GL TEXTURE D GL TEXTURE D 0 glteximaged(gl TEXTURE D, 0, GL RGBA, w, h, 0, GL RGBA, GL FLOAT, data) GPU OpenGL h.. Shader Shader void Shader::bindTexture(const char* vname, TextureD* tp) void glteximaged(glenum target, GLint level, GLint internalformat, GLsizei width, GLsizei height, GLint border, GLenum format, GLenum type, const GLvoid * data); 0
91 void Shader::bindTexture(const char* vname, TextureD* tp) glbindtexture(gl_texture_d,tp->texid); GLint p = glgetuniformlocation(program, vname); if(p < 0) cerr << "textured name error: "<< vname << endl; exit(); gluniformi(p, tp->num); glactivetexture(gl_texture0+(tp->num));.: Shader::bindTexture() Texture TextureD TextureD.: 0. GL TEXTURE D GL TEXTURE D.... overload override.. initdata()... PositionD uv
92 void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); PositionD uv[num_points]; // uv[0].x = 0.0; uv[0].y = 0.0; uv[].x =.0; uv[].y =.0; uv[].x =.0; uv[].y = 0.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)uv,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("in_uv",&ab); RGBA tex[][]; // for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) for(int j = 0; j < ; j++) tex[j][i].r = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].g = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].b = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].a = 0.0; TextureD t(0,tex,,); sp->bindtexture("tex",&t);.: initdata() u v uv.. [0, ].. [0, ]. uv[i] [0, ] [0, ] uv attribute attribute in uv. tex RGBA
93 #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute vec in_uv; varying vec out_uv; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0); out_uv = in_uv;.: for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) for(int j = 0; j < ; j++) tex[j][i].r = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].g = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].b = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].a = 0.0; 0 TextureD tex uniform. initsystem() display() main()... in uv 0... varying out uv
94 #version 0 varying vec out_uv; uniform samplerd tex; void main(void) gl_fragcolor = textured(tex,out_uv);.: textured(tex,out u) tex out uv RGBA...0 uniform tex RGBA vec textured(samplerd s, vec coord)
95 (.0,.0) (0.0,0.0) (.0,0.0).0 tex (0., 0.) (0., 0.) (0., 0.) (0.0, 0.0) (0., 0.0) (0., 0.0) (0., 0.) (0., 0.) (0., 0.) (0., 0.0) (0., 0.) (0., 0.) (0., 0.) (0., 0.) (0., 0.0) (.0,.0) (.0, 0.) (.0, 0.) (.0, 0.) (.0, 0.) (.0, 0.0).0:
96 .: RGBA tex[][]; for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) for(int j = 0; j < ; j++) tex[j][i].r = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].g = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].b = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].a = 0.0; TextureD t(0,tex,,);.
97 .: for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) for(int j = 0; j < ; j++) tex[j][i].r = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].g = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].b = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].a = 0.0;.. for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) for(int j = 0; j < ; j++) tex[j][i].r = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].g = ((i+j)%)/.0; tex[j][i].b = ((i+j)%)/.0; tex[j][i].a = 0.0;.
98 .: uv[0].x = 0.0; uv[0].y = 0.0; uv[].x =.0; uv[].y =.0; uv[].x =.0; uv[].y = 0.0; uv[0].x = 0.0; uv[0].y = 0.0; uv[].x =.0; uv[].y =.0; uv[].x = 0.; uv[].y = 0.0; // uv[].x.
99 .: [0, ] [0, ] 0.. [0, ] uv[0].x = 0.0; uv[0].y = 0.0; uv[].x =.0; uv[].y =.0; uv[].x = 0.; uv[].y = 0.0; uv[0].x = -.0; uv[0].y = -.0; uv[].x =.0; uv[].y =.0; uv[].x = 0.; uv[].y = -.0; [0, ] [0, ]. [0, ].
![.:.. [0, ] [0, ] gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);.](/docs-images/85/91815154/images/100-0.jpg "GL TEXTURE WRAP S GL TEXTURE WRAP T gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); 0.")
100 .:.. [0, ] [0, ] gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);. GL TEXTURE WRAP S GL TEXTURE WRAP T gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); 0. S T (u, v) (s, t) 0 00
101 .:.. gltexparameteri(gl TEXTURE D, GL TEXTURE MAG FILTER, GL NEAREST); ; gltexparameteri(gl TEXTURE D, GL TEXTURE MAG FILTER, GL LINEAR); ;. bilinear interpolation. A B C D V A V B V C V D P =(p s,p t ) 0 p s,p t V P V P =( p s ) ( p t ) V A + p s ( p t ) V B +( p s ) p t V C + p s p t V D GPU OpenGL 0 OpenGL R S T U U u-v 0
102 .:.0 C D P=(p s,p t ) 0.0 A B.0.: 0
103 .:.... gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_REPEAT); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);. 0.. jpeg. RGBA. GPU 0
104 第 章 テクスチャの利用 図.0: 元画像 理工学部 号館 図.: 画像例 その 理工学部 号館 の画像を三角形に張る たとえば 図. は 理工学部 号館の画像 図.0 をその方法で取り込み 描画した ものである 具体的には 図. の以下のプログラム片 RGBA tex[][]; // テクスチャデータの設定 for(int i = 0; i < ; i++) for(int j = 0; j < ; j++) tex[j][i].r = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].g = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].b = (i+j)%; tex[j][i].a = 0.0; TextureD t(0,tex,,); sp->bindtexture("tex",&t); 0 の部分を // 画像ファイルおよび画像の水平 垂直サイズの読み込み int imgw,imgh; RGBA* img = loadjpegimage("build.jpg",*imgw,*imgh); TextureD t(0,img,imgw,imgh); sp->bindtexture("tex",&t); 0 などに置き換えればよい loadjpegimage() を画像を読み込む関数とするが それにつ 0
105 :.. 0
106 #include <iostream> using namespace std; #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #if defined(win) # pragma comment(lib, "glew.lib") # include "glew.h" # include "glut.h" # include "glext.h" #elif defined( APPLE ) defined(macosx) # include <GLUT/glut.h> #else # define GL_GLEXT_PROTOTYPES # include <GL/glut.h> #endif struct PositionD float x; float y; ; // struct RGB // RGB float r; float g; float b; ; struct RGBA // RGBA float r; float g; float b; float a; ;.: All.h 0
107 struct ArrayBuffer GLuint bufid; int size; //attribute ; ArrayBuffer(float* data, int s, int n); struct TextureD GLuint texid; GLint num; // ; TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w); struct TextureD GLuint texid; GLint num; // ; TextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w, int h); struct Shader GLuint program; // Shader(const char* vsn, const char* fsn); void use(); void bindarraybuffer(const char* vname, ArrayBuffer* ap); void bindtexture(const char* vname, TextureD* tp); void bindtexture(const char* vname, TextureD* tp); void run(glenum mode, int n); ; GLuint compileprogram(glenum type, const GLchar *file); void buildprogram(const GLchar *vsfile, const GLchar *fsfile);.: All.h 0
108 void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]) glutinit(&argc,argv); glutinitdisplaymode(glut_rgb GLUT_SINGLE); glutinitwindowsize(,); glutcreatewindow("test Window"); glclearcolor(0.,0.,0.,); // // glenable(gl_point_sprite); glenable(gl_vertex_program_point_size); sp = new Shader("shader.vert","shader.frag"); sp->use();.: initsystem() void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); RGB rgb[num_points]; rgb[0].r =.0; rgb[0].g =.0; rgb[0].b =.0; rgb[].r =.0; rgb[].g = 0.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; rgb[].r = 0.0; rgb[].g =.0; rgb[].b = 0.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)rgb,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("in_color",&ab); // gllinewidth(0.0);.: initdata() 0
109 void display(void) glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_triangles,num_points);.: display() int main(int argc, char *argv[]) initsystem(argc,argv); initdata(); glutdisplayfunc(display); glutmainloop(); return 0;.: main() #version 0 attribute vec position; attribute vec in_color; varying vec out_color; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0); out_color = in_color;.: 0
110 #version 0 varying vec out_color; void main(void) gl_fragcolor = vec(out_color, 0.0);.: 0
111 GPGPU 0 GPU CUDA OpenCL RGBA GL LINEAR GL NEAREST RGBA D CG CUDA OpenCL GPGPU GPGPU OpenGL 0...
112 GPGPU.:. OpenGL / FBO. FBO. FBO. (a). FBO. (b) 0. RGBA. CPU. (c)
113 GPGPU.. GPGPU.. initsystem() initdata() compute() display() showresults() 0 glutdisplayfunc() glutmainloop() sp NUM POINTS width height texzp. 0.. GPGPU initsystem() initsystem(). initsystem().. glutinit() glutinitdisplaymode() glutcreatewindow("test Window"). glutinitwindowsize(width,height) width height.
114 GPGPU #include "All.h" // Shader *sp; // const int NUM_POINTS = ; // const int width = ; // const int height = ; // RWTextureD *texzp; // void initsystem() /* */ void initdata() /* */ void compute() /* GPU */ // display() void showresults() // /* */ int main() initsystem(); initdata(); compute(); showresults(); return 0;.: GPGPU
115 GPGPU void initsystem(int argc, char *argv[]) glutinit(&argc,argv); glutinitdisplaymode(glut_rgb GLUT_SINGLE); glutinitwindowsize(width,height); glutcreatewindow("test Window"); glclearcolor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); #if defined(win) glewinit(); #endif GLuint fb; glgenframebuffers(, &fb); glbindframebuffer(gl_framebuffer, fb); sp = new Shader("shader.vert","shader.frag"); sp->use();.: GPGPU initsystem() glclearcolor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0) glgenframebuffers(, &fb). OpenGL. glbindframebuffer(gl FRAMEBUFFER, fb) 0 fb void glgenframebuffers(glsizei n, GLuint *ids); void glbindframebuffer( GLenum target, GLuint framebuffer);
116 GPGPU void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -0.; pos[0].y = -0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = +0.; pos[].x = +0.; pos[].y = -0.; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); // texzp = new RWTextureD(0,NULL,width,height);// sp->bindtexturew(texzp); //.: initdata(). use().. initdata() initdata(). 0. sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab) initdata().. texzp = new RWTextureD(0, NULL, width, height) texzp RWTextureD 0 0 color attachment
117 GPGPU struct RWTextureD GLuint texid; // GLint num; // ; RWTextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w, int h); // void readdata(void*, int w, int h); // GPU CPU.: RWTextureD NULL CPU GPU NULL. sp->bindtexturew(texzp) RWTextureD OpenGL RWTextureD /... glframebuffertextured(gl_framebuffer, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0+num, GL_TEXTURE_D, texid, 0) texid GL TEXTUR Dnum void glframebuffertextured(glenum target, GLenum attachment, GLenum textarget, GLuint texture, GLint level); color attachment color attachiment
118 GPGPU RWTextureD::RWTextureD(int tnum, void* data, int w, int h) num = tnum; glgentextures (, &texid); glbindtexture(gl_texture_d,texid); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_GENERATE_MIPMAP, GL_FALSE); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); gltexparameteri(gl_texture_d, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glteximaged(gl_texture_d, 0, GL_RGBA, w, h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_FLOAT, data); glframebuffertextured(gl_framebuffer, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0+num, GL_TEXTURE_D, texid, 0);.: RWTextureD void RWTextureD::readData(void* data, int w, int h) glreadbuffer(gl_color_attachment0+num); glreadpixels(0, 0, w,h, GL_RGBA,GL_FLOAT,data);.: RWTextureD readdata() 0 readdata() GPU CPU readdata(). glreadbuffer(gl COLOR ATTACHMENT0+num) 0 GPU CPU num num. glreadpixels(0, 0, w,h, GL RGBA,GL FLOAT,data) data glbindframebuffer() initsystem() void glreadbuffer(glenum mode); void glreadpixels(glint x, GLint y, GLsizei width, GLsizei height, GLenum format, GLenum type, GLvoid * data);
119 GPGPU void Shader::bindTextureR(const char* vname, RWTextureD* tp) glactivetexture(gl_texture0+(tp->num)); glbindtexture(gl_texture_d,tp->texid); GLint p = glgetuniformlocation(program, vname); if(p < 0) cerr << "textured name error: "<< vname << endl; exit(); gluniformi(p, tp->num); void Shader::bindTextureW(RWTextureD* tp) gldrawbuffer(gl_color_attachment0+(tp->num));.: Shader bindtexturer/w() void compute(void) glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_triangles,num_points);.: compute() RWTextureD. Shader bindtexturer(). bindtexture() bindtexturew() gldrawbuffer(gl COLOR ATTACHMENT0+tp->num) 0 0 tp->num tp->num
120 GPGPU void showresults() RGBA result[height][width]; texzp->readdata(z,width,height); for(int h = height-; h >= 0; h--) for(int w = 0; w < width; w++) printf("(%.f,%.f) ", result[h][w].r, result[h][w].g); printf("\n");.0: showresults() #version 0 attribute vec position; void main(void) gl_position = vec(position,0.0,.0);.: GPGPU.. compute() compute().. display().. showresults() showresults().0 GPU r g b a cout printf() 0
121 GPGPU #version 0 void main(void) gl_fragcolor = gl_fragcoord;.:.. GPGPU.... gl FragCoord vec GLSL x y s t r g (x,y ) [0, width] [0, height] x = 0.,.,.,, width 0. y = 0.,.,.,, height 0. width= height= showresults() 0 void gldrawbuffer(glenum buf);
122 GPGPU (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0., 0.) (., 0.) (., 0.) (., 0.) (., 0.).: gl FragCoord x y width= height= (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (.,.) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (.,.) (.,.) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (.,.) (.,.) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0)
123 GPGPU (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (.,.) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (.,.) (.,.) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (.,.) (.,.) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.0,0.0) (0.,0.) ( 0., 0.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0., 0.).:
124 GPGPU const int NUM_POINTS = ; void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; // pos[0].x = -.0; pos[0].y = -.0; // [-.0,.0] X [-.0,.0] pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = -.0; // pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = +.0; pos[].x = -.0; pos[].y = +.0; void compute(void) glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_polygon,num_points); // POLYGON.: 0. [, ] [, ] GL TRIANGLES GL POLYGON.. showresults() (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,0.) (.,0.) (.,0.) (.,0.) (.,0.)
125 GPGPU (.0,.0) (.0,.0) (.0,.0) (.0,.0) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,0.) (.,0.) (.,0.) (.,0.) (.,0.) (0.,.) (0.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (.,.) (0.,.) (0., 0.) (.,.) (., 0.) (.,.) (., 0.).:
126 GPGPU x.: 0. C x z z[i][j] = x[i][j]; GPU. x.. RWTextureD.. RWTextureD *texxp; RGBA x[height][width]; // //
127 GPGPU RWTextureD *texxp; RGBA x[height][width]; void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -.0; pos[0].y = -.0; pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = -.0; pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = +.0; pos[].x = -.0; pos[].y = +.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); for(int h = height-; h >= 0; h--) for(int w = 0; w < width; w++) x[h][w].r = w+h+0.; // x[h][w].g = w+h+0.; x[h][w].b = w+h+0.; x[h][w].a = w+h+0.; texxp = new RWTextureD(,x,width,height); // texzp = new RWTextureD(0,NULL,width,height); // sp->bindtexturer("tx",texxp); sp->bindtexturew(texzp); // GPU // sp->setfloat("width",width); sp->setfloat("height",height); // //.: initdata(). initdata(). x. x. texxp. unifrom tx sp->setfloat("width",width); sp->setfloat("height",height);
128 GPGPU void showresults() RGBA result[height][width]; texzp->readdata(result,width,height); for(int h = height-; h >= 0; h--) for(int w = 0; w < width; w++) printf("%d %d r : %.f %.f\n", w, h, x[h][w].r, result[h][w].r); printf("%d %d g : %.f %.f\n", w, h, x[h][w].g, result[h][w].g); printf("%d %d b : %.f %.f\n", w, h, x[h][w].b, result[h][w].b); printf("%d %d a : %.f %.f\n", w, h, x[h][w].a, result[h][w].a);.: showresults() unifrom width height showresults()....0 tx vec(gl FragCoord.x/width, gl FragCoord.y/height) gl FragCoord [0, width] [0, height] [0, ] [0, ]
129 GPGPU #version 0 uniform samplerd tx; uniform float width; uniform float height; void main(void) vec texcoord = vec(gl_fragcoord.x/width,gl_fragcoord.y/height); gl_fragcolor = textured(tx,texcoord);.0: 0.. showresults() 0 r : g : b : a : r : a : r : g : b : a :.00.00
130 GPGPU y x z float:alpha.: saxpy. x y z alpha z[i][j] = alpha*x[i][j]+y[i][j]; double double precision daxpy double alpha x plus y float single precision saxpy GPU saxpy 0.. GPU double GPU float 0
131 GPGPU RWTextureD *texyp; RGBA y[height][width]; float alpha = 0.; // // // saxpy. saxpy initdata() y texyp texxp texzp. GPU CPU showresults() alpha*x[h][w].r+y[h][w].r CPU GPU result[h][w].r 0... saxpy uniform ty alpha gl FragColor sapxy vec r g b a SIMD Single Instruction Multiple Data SIMD SIMD SPMD Single Program Multiple Data showresults() 0 r : g : b : a : r :.0.0 g : a : r : g : b : a : GPGPU
132 GPGPU RWTextureD *texxp; RGBA x[height][width]; RWTextureD *texyp; RGBA y[height][width]; RWTextureD *texzp; float alpha = 0.; void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -.0; pos[0].y = -.0; pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = -.0; pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = +.0; pos[].x = -.0; pos[].y = +.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); for(int h = height-; h >= 0; h--) for(int w = 0; w < width; w++) x[h][w].r = w+h+0.; x[h][w].g = w+h+0.; x[h][w].b = w+h+0.; x[h][w].a = w+h+0.; y[h][w].r = 0.; y[h][w].g = 0.; y[h][w].b = 0.; y[h][w].a = 0.; texxp = new RWTextureD(0,x,width,height); texyp = new RWTextureD(,y,width,height); texzp = new RWTextureD(,NULL,width,height); sp->bindtexturer("tx",texxp); sp->bindtexturer("ty",texyp); sp->bindtexturew(texzp); sp->setfloat("alpha",alpha); // // // // // // sp->setfloat("width",width); sp->setfloat("height",height);.: saxpy initdata()
133 GPGPU void showresults() RGBA result[height][width]; texzp->readdata(result,width,height); for(int h = height-; h >= 0; h--) for(int w = 0; w < width; w++) printf("%d %d r : %.f %.f\n", w,h, alpha*x[h][w].r+y[h][w].r, result[h][w].r); printf("%d %d g : %.f %.f\n", w,h, alpha*x[h][w].g+y[h][w].g, result[h][w].g); printf("%d %d b : %.f %.f\n", w,h, alpha*x[h][w].b+y[h][w].b, result[h][w].b); printf("%d %d a : %.f %.f\n", w,h, alpha*x[h][w].a+y[h][w].a, result[h][w].a);.: showresults() #version 0 uniform samplerd tx; uniform samplerd ty; uniform float alpha; // // uniform float width; uniform float height; void main(void) vec texcoord = vec(gl_fragcoord.x/width,gl_fragcoord.y/height); vec x = textured(tx,texcoord); vec y = textured(ty,texcoord); // gl_fragcolor = alpha*x+y; //.: sapxy
134 GPGPU
135 GPGPU. for(int k = 0; k < N; k++) x[i][j] = alpha*x[i][j]+y[i][j]; 0 OpenCL GPU OpenGL N for(int k = 0; k < N/; k++) z[i][j] = alpha*x[i][j]+y[i][j]; x[i][j] = alpha*z[i][j]+y[i][j]; // 0 x z GPU.. texxp texyp texzp z[i][j] = alpha*x[i][j]+y[i][j] x y z x[i][j] = alpha*z[i][j]+y[i][j] texxp texyp texzp z y x GPU ping pong computation
136 GPGPU texyp texxp texzp y x z float:alpha.: z[i][j] = alpha*x[i][j]+y[i][j] texyp texxp texzp y z x float:alpha.: x[i][j] = alpha*z[i][j]+y[i][j]
137 GPGPU 0.. RWTextureD *texxp; RGBA x[height][width]; RWTextureD *texyp; RGBA y[height][width]; RWTextureD *texzp; RGBA z[height][width];. saxpy initdata() sp->bindtexturer("tx",texxp); sp->bindtexturew(texzp);.. compute(). for(int n = 0; n < LOOPNUM/; n++)... 0 saxpy sp->bindtexturer("tx",texxp); sp->bindtexturew(texzp); glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_polygon,num_points);. sp->bindtexturer("tx",texzp); sp->bindtexturew(texxp); glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_polygon,num_points); 0.. GPU CPU showresults() z result width height
138 GPGPU RWTextureD *texxp; RGBA x[height][width]; RWTextureD *texyp; RGBA y[height][width]; RWTextureD *texzp; float alpha = 0.; void initdata() PositionD pos[num_points]; pos[0].x = -.0; pos[0].y = -.0; pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = -.0; pos[].x = +.0; pos[].y = +.0; pos[].x = -.0; pos[].y = +.0; ArrayBuffer ab((float*)pos,,num_points); sp->bindarraybuffer("position",&ab); for(int h = height-; h >= 0; h--) for(int w = 0; w < width; w++) x[h][w].r = w+h+0.; x[h][w].g = w+h+0.; x[h][w].b = w+h+0.; x[h][w].a = w+h+0.; y[h][w].r = 0.; y[h][w].g = 0.; y[h][w].b = 0.; y[h][w].a = 0.; texxp = new RWTextureD(0,x,width,height); texyp = new RWTextureD(,y,width,height); texzp = new RWTextureD(,NULL,width,height); // sp->bindtexturer("tx",texxp); compute( sp->bindtexturer("ty",texyp); // sp->bindtexturew(texzp); compute( sp->setfloat("alpha",alpha); sp->setfloat("width",width); sp->setfloat("height",height);.: initdata().
139 GPGPU #define LOOPNUM 00 void compute(void) for(int n = 0; n < LOOPNUM/; n++) sp->bindtexturer("tx",texxp); sp->bindtexturew(texzp); glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_polygon,num_points); // initdata() // initdata() sp->bindtexturer("tx",texzp); sp->bindtexturew(texxp); glclear(gl_color_buffer_bit); sp->run(gl_polygon,num_points); // texxp texzp // texxp texzp.: GPGPU compute().. PC GPU CPU GPGPU GPU CPU.0 clock() CLOCKS PER SEC clock() clock() CLOCKS PER SEC GFLOPS N(W, H, L) N(W, H, L) = W H L (.) time.h> clock t clock tbit
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http://math.sci.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/ ~ryo/lectures/informatics2010/ 1 2 C ATM etc. etc. (Personal Computer) 3 4 Input Output Device Central Processing Unit I/O CPU Memory 5 6 (CPU),,... etc. C, Java, Fortran...
Microsoft Word - no15.docx
7. ファイルいままでは プログラムを実行したとき その結果を画面で確認していました 簡単なものならそれでもいいのですか 複雑な結果は画面で見るだけでなく ファイルに保存できればよいでしょう ここでは このファイルについて説明します 使う関数のプロトタイプは次のとおりです FILE *fopen(const char *filename, const char *mode); ファイルを読み書きできるようにする
Microsoft Word - Cプログラミング演習(12)
第 12 回 (7/9) 4. いくつかのトピック (5)main 関数の引数を利用したファイル処理 main 関数は, 起動する環境から引数を受け取ることができる 例えば 次に示すように,main 関数に引数を用いたプログラムを作成する 01 /* sample */ 02 /* main 関数の引数 */ 03 #include 04 05 main(int argc, char