行動経済学 第 10 巻 (2017) 50-66
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1 50 10 (2017) * a b c 要約 A A A キーワード : (Big 5) JEL Classification Numbers: J22, J53, D3 1. はじめに OECD * A JSPS (17J02016) JSPS (17J07242) (A) a hkurokaw@mail.doshisha.ac.jp b ssasaki.econ@gmail.com c ohtake@iser.osaka-u.ac.jp 40 Kuroda (2010) Collewet and Sauermann (2017, forthcoming) 1 Pencavel (2015) Pencavel (2016) Kuroda and Yamamoto (2016)
2 51 (2014) Blanchard (2004) (2014) 2008 (2007) (2008) 60 Kuroda and Yamamoto (2013b) Hamermesh and Slemord (2005) 2 (2010) 3 (2016) 4 (Rosen 1969) (2014) 5 (Kuroda and Yamamoto 2013a, b) A 6 4 (2016) 5 6 A 500
3 52 10 A データと推定方法 2.1. データ A A A URL A Bartling et al. (2009) 8
4 (Prosociality) (Costly prosociality) (Envy) (Costly envy) 1 (Egalitarian) Envy Envy Ten Item Personality Inventory Gosling et al. 2003; A GCOE 1 A 9 A GCOE (2013/ /6) GCOE MPL
5 (2016/7 2017/4) A 2 6 A A 6 A A 2.2. 新人事制度 A (10:30 16:00) (6:00 21:00) (7:00 10:30, 16:00 21:30) 11 7
6 推定方法 1 Overtimework i α 0 α 1 BehavioralParameter i α 2 X i u i, (1) Overtimework i 45 BehavioralParameter i X i 45 (LPM) OLS 9 0 Tobit Overtimework it β 0 β 1 NewSystem it β 2 X it μ i ε it, (2) Overtimework it 45 3 NewSystem it (2016/7 2017/4) X it (2016/ /7) (2)
7 (2016/7) Overtimework it β 0 β 1 NewSystem it β 2 NewSystem it Treatment it β 3 X it μ i ε it, (3) (3)
8 (2016/7) Overtimework it β 0 β 1 NewSystem it β 2 NewSystem it 3. 分析結果 Treatment it β 3 NewSystem it BehavioralParameter i β 4 NewSystem it Treatment it BehavioralParameter i β 5 X it μ i ε it, (4) 3.1. 行動経済学的特性と残業時間の関係 (1) Envy Envy
9 ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, 10 3 ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, 10
10 59 4 ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, 新人事制度の政策評価 (2016/ /4)
11 /7 2017/4 2016/ /4 1 (2013/ /6) (2) ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, /7 2017/4 2016/ /4 1 (2013/ /6) (2) ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, Envy
12 (2013/ /6) 45 ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, (2013/ /6) 45 ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, 議論と結論
13 (2013/ /6) 45 ( ) ***, **, * 1, 5, Envy 45 45
14 63 2 Hallsworth et al. (2017) (Bae et al. 2012) (Lu and Lu 2016, forthcoming) (Golden and Wiens-Tuers 2006) (Beckmann et al. 2017) Beckmann et al. (2017) Possenriede et al. (2016) A A 14 Possenriede and Plantenga (2014) Kröll and Nüesch (2017) (Bloom et al. 2014) (Possenriede et al. 2014) 15 (Dutcher 2012) 16
15 64 10 引用文献 Bae, S. H., Brewer, C., and Kovner, C. T State mandatory overtime regulations and newly licensed nurses mandatory and voluntary overtime and total work hours. Nursing Outlook, 11(2), Bartling, B., Fehr, E., Maréchal, M. A., and Schunk, D Egalitarianism and competitiveness. American Economic Review, 99(2), Beckmann, M., Cornelissen, T., and Kräkel, M Self-managed working time and employee effort: theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 133, Blanchard, O The economic future of Europe. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 18(4), Bloom, N., Liang, J., Roberts, J., and Ying, Z. J Does working from home work? Evidence from a Chinese experiment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 130(1), Collewet, M., and Sauermann, J Working hours and productivity. Labour Economics, forthcoming /j.labeco Dutcher, E. G The effects of telecommuting on productivity: An experimental examination. The role of dull and creative tasks. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 84(1), Golden, L., and Wiens-Tuers, B To your happiness? Extra hours of labor supply and worker well-being. Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., and Swann, W. B., Jr A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, Hallsworth, M., List, J. A., Metcalfe, R. D., and Vlaev, I The behavioralist as tax collector: Using natural field experiments to enhance tax compliance. Journal of Public Economics, 148, Hamermesh, D. S., and Joel, S The economics of workaholism: We should not have worked on this paper, NBER Working Paper No National Bureau of Economic Research , Kröll, C., and Nüesch, S The effects of flexible work practices on employee attitudes: evidence from a large-scale panel study in Germany. International Journal of Human Resource Management, Kuroda, S Do Japanese work shorter hours than before? Measuring trends in market work and leisure using Japanese time-use survey. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 24(4), (2), Kuroda, S., and Yamamoto, I. 2013a. Firms demand for work hours: Evidence from matched firm-worker data in Japan. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, 29, Kuroda, S., and Yamamoto, I. 2013b. Do peers affect determination of work hours? Evidence based on unique employee data from global Japanese firms in Europe. Journal of Labor Research, 34(3), , Kuroda, S., and Yamamoto, I Workers mental health, long work hours, and workplace management: Evidence from workers longitudinal data in Japan. RIETI Discussion Paper, 16-E-037, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry. Lu, S. F., and Lu, L. X Do mandatory overtime laws improve quality? Staffing decisions and operational flexibility of nursing homes. Management Science. forthcoming RIETI Discussion Paper Series 08-J-019. Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI-J) 21, Pencavel, J The productivity of working hours. Economic Journal, 125(589), Pencavel, J Recovery from work and the productivity of working hours. Economica, 83(332), Possenriede, D. S., and Plantenga, J Temporal and locational flexibility of work, working-time fit, and job satisfaction. IZA Discussion Paper, No Possenriede, D. S., Hassink, W. H. J., and Plantenga, J Does temporal and locational flexibility of work reduce absenteeism? Discussion Paper Series/Tjalling C. Koopmans Research Institute, Possenriede, D., Hassink, W. H., & Plantenga, J Does temporal and locational flexibility of work increase the supply of working hours? Evidence from the Netherlands. IZA Journal of Labor Policy, 5: 16. Rosen, S On the inter-industry wage and hours structure. Journal of Political Economy, 77(2), RIETI Discussion Paper Series 10-J-014. Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry RIETI Discussion Paper, 16-J-019, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry. 2014
16 65 付録 : 付表 1 A 1 2 A 7 35 A
17 66 10 The Responses of Overtime Workers to a Work-Style Reform: A Behavioral Economics View Hirofumi Kurokawa a, Shusaku Sasaki b, and Fumio Ohtake c Abstract This study investigates the behavioral economic traits of overtime workers. A survey is conducted on the various preferences and personality traits of workers in a private firm A, and the firm provides personnel records on their working hours to us. The study also evaluates the firm s work-style reform. The firm recently set a target for the total overtime hours per worker per month to not exceed 45 hours. In addition workers are allowed to freely choose when and where they work by themselves after the reform. We find through the empirical analysis of the data provided that the workers overtime before the reform is explained by the following behavioral economic traits: (1) Workers who had a habit of procrastination in childhood tend to work longer in midnight, (2) egalitarian workers tend to work longer in total, and (3) workers who have a high score of conscientiousness tend to work shorter in midnight but longer in total. Implementing the work-style reform leads to a significant decrease in overtime hours of workers who used to work over 45 hours per month preceding the reform. (Received: July 18, 2017, Accepted: December 14, 2017) Key words: Overtime working, Time preference, Social preference, Big 5 personality JEL Classification Numbers: J22, J53, D3 a Faculty of Policy Studies, Doshisha University and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science hkurokaw@mail.doshisha.ac.jp b Faculty of Economics, Keio University and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science ssasaki.econ@gmail.com c Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University ohtake@iser.osaka-u.ac.jp
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