18 BS BS BS Equivocation Theory Feldman et al マスメディアの 影 響 力 Lazarsfeld et.al., 1944 Two-Step Flow of
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1 Graduate School of Policy and Management, Doshisha University 17 政 治 討 論 番 組 における 会 話 分 析 概 要 BS はじめに 1990, NHK 1990
2 18 BS BS BS Equivocation Theory Feldman et al マスメディアの 影 響 力 Lazarsfeld et.al., 1944 Two-Step Flow of Communication Model The Third-Person Effect Davison, 1983 The Theory of Spiral of Silence Noelle- Neumann, 1980=2013 McCombs and Shaw 1972
3 日 本 における 政 治 に 関 するマスメ ディアの 影 響 力 , 1998;, 2003;, 2005;, 2006;, 2014, 2002;, 2006; Furo, TBS NHK 76.3% 27.1% Furo (2001) % 15.3% 76.3% % 40.3% 55.6% 10.2% 27.1% 16.9% 45.8% % 0% 98.6% 3 Baum (2003) Baum (2003) (Baum and Jamison, 2006)
4 NHK 2001 NHK NHK NHK NHK 2. 2 事 例 からみるテレビ 政 治 の 影 響 力 , 2006;, 2007;, NHK
5 NHK NHK NHK 3 分 析 視 角 Bull et al., 1996; Bull and Elliott, 1998; Bull, 2008 Goffman 1971=2002 Brown and Levinson 1987= Turn-taking Closed Ended Questions Open Ended Questions 5W When, Where, Who, What, Why Yes or No Jucker, 1986; Yokota, 1994; Tanaka, Bavelas et al. 1988, 1990; Bull,
6 ; Feldman, 2004; Feldman et al., 2015 Bavelas et al. ( データと 分 析 手 順 ! BS YES NO 6 XBRAND
7 23 4 事 例 分 析 4. 1 議 題 設 定 機 能 1 32 / TPP Trans-Pacific Partnership: 議 題 が 転 換 した 例 図 1 質 問 の 争 点 の 流 れ
8 24 TPP 18 安 全 保 障 の 例 4. 2 フェイスへの 脅 威 2011 Bull et al Bull et al. (1996)
9 25 19 フェイスへの 脅 威 がない 質 問 6 フェイスへの 脅 威 がある 質 問
10 クローズドエンドクエスチョン オープンエンドクエスチョンの 例
11 27 TPP 16 クローズドエンドクエスチョンの 例 TPP クローズドエンドクエスチョンであるが 答 えやすい 例 TPP
12 28 1% 1 5 おわりに ! , TPP
13 29 参 考 文 献 および 参 考 資 料 , Baum, M. (2003). Soft News Goes to War: Public Opinion and American Foreign Policy in the New Media Age, Princeton University Press, pp , Baum, M. and Jamison, A. (2006). The Oprah Effect: How Soft News Helps Inattentive Citizens Vote Consistently, The Journal of Politics, Vol.68, No.4, pp Bavelas, J. B., Black, A., Bryson, L. and Mullet, J. (1988). Political Equivocation: A Situational Explanation, Language and Social Psychology, Vol.7, No.2, pp Bavelas, J. B., Black A., Chovil, N. and Mullet, J. (1990). Equivocal Communication, Sage Publications, pp Brown, P. and Levinson, S. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language, Cambridge University Press =, Bull, P. (1998). Equivocation Theory and News Interviews, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp Bull, P. (2008). Slipperiness, Evasion, and Ambiguity: Equivocation and Facework in Noncommittal Political Discourse, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Vol.27, No.4, pp Bull, P., Elliott, J., Palmer, D. and Walker, L. (1996) Why Politicians Are Three-Faced: The Face Model of Political Interviews, British Journal of Social Psychology, Vol35, pp Bull, P., Elliott, J., Palmer, D. and Walker, L. (1998). Level of Threat: A Means of Assessing Interviewer Toughness and Neutrality Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp Feldman, O. (2004).Talking Politics in Japan Today, Sussex Academic Press, pp Feldman, O., Kinoshita, K. and Bull, P. (2015). Culture or Communicative Conflict? The Analysis of Equivocation in Broadcast Japanese Political Interviews, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, Vol. 34, No. 1, pp , Furo, H. (2001). Turn-Taking in English and Japanese: Projectability in Grammar, Intonation, and Semantics, Routledge, pp , 1, Jucker, A. (1986) News Interviews: A Pragmalinguistic Analysis, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp Lazarsfeld, P. F., Berelson, B. and Gaudet, H. (1944). The People's Choice: How the Voter Makes up his Mind in a Presidential Campaign, Columbia University Press, p.151. Davison, P. (1983). The Third-Person Effect in Communication, Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol.47, No.1, pp Goffman, E. (1971). Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face-to-face Behavior, Penguin Books = TV , NTT McCombs, M. and Shaw D. (1972) The Agenda-Setting Function of Mass Media, Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol.34, No.2, pp Noelle-Neumann, E. (1986). The Spiral of Silence: Public Opinion - Our Social Skin, University of Chicago Press,.,, 2011,
14 30 32, ), Tanaka, L. (2004). Gender, Language, and Culture: A Study of Japanese Interview Discourse, John Benjamins, pp , , , ) 6, , 3, Yokota, M. (1994). The Role of Questioning in Japanese Political Discourse, Issues in Applied Linguistics, Vol.5, No.2, pp XBRAND
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