THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS XXII-4 Aug. viable cell number was counted, the number decreased remarkably, then increasedrapidly number as the control. to the same (2) The some results were obtained with Escherichia coli when tested by the viable cell count method. 4. Therapeutic effect of rifampicin in experimental infections in mice. (1) In experimental infections with staphylococci, the therapeutic effect of rifampicin was about 2-times stronger than that of AB-PC. (2) In experimental infections with E. coli the therapeutic effect of rifampicin was about 1/10 weaker than that of AB-PC.
THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS XXII-4 in destruction of brucella. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 104(3) : 464 `467, July 1960. 22) RALSTON, D. J. & S.S. ELBERG : Intramonocytic destruction of brucella : Potentiating effect of glycine on intracellular lysozyme activity. J. Inf. Dis. 109(1) : 71 `80, July/Aug. 1961. 23) GOULD, G. W. ; D.L. GEORGALA & A.D. HITCHINS : Fltibrochrome-labelled lysozyme : Reagent for the detection of lysozyme substrate in cells. Nature 200(4904) : 385 `386, Oct. 26, 1963. 24) WILSON, L.A. & J.K. SPITZNAGEL : Molecular and structural damage to Escherichia coli produced by antibody, complement, and lysozyme systems. J. Bact. 96(4) : 1339 `1348, Oct. 1968. 25) BUKHARIN, O.V. & Z.M. YAKOVLEVA : Protective nonspecific action of lysozyme in the presence of infection. Antibiotiki 10(2) : 151 `156, Mar. 1965. cited in Excerpta Medica. 26) ANIKINA, T.P. : Effect of lysozyme on protective functions of micro and macrophages. Antibiotiki 12 (9) : 813 `817, Sept. 1967. cited in Chem. Abst. PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF HUMAN PLACENTAL LYSOZYME ON EXPERIMENTAL INFECTION IN MICE INDUCED BY CLOSRIDIUM TETANI, STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS OR DIPLOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE TADAKAZU SUYAMA, YOSHIGORO OGURO, TAKUJI DOI and KEN-ICHI IZAKA The Research Laboratory of The Green Cross Corporation, 1/3 Gamau-cho, Joto-ku, Osaka, Japan Abstract Antibacterial action of human placental lysozyme alone or in combination with penicillins was studied in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro experimentals, the lysozyme was found to inhibit the growth of Bacillus subtilis at the concentration of 30 mcg/ml of medium, but not to inhibit the growth of Clostridium tetani, Staphylococcus aureus or Diplococcus pneumoniae even at the concentration of 1,000 mcg/ml of medium. These inhibitory activities of placental lysozyme were comparable to those of egg white lysozyme. Combined antibacterial effect of the lysozyme with penicillins was noticed in S. aureus and D. pneumoniae, but in C. tetani. In vivo studies, however, preliminary administration of placental lysozyme alone or in combination with penicillin G exerted a marked prolongation on survival time of mice infected by C. tetani Harvard, suggesting a protective effect against tetanus infections, although the lysozyme preparation did not show any antitoxin action both in vitro and in vivo experiments. In order to control the experimental tetanus infection in mice with lysozyme it seemed necessary to inject intramuscularly daily dose of 50 to 100 mcg/mouse for 7 days (3 doses before and 4 doses after infection). Staphylococcal infection in mice was also protected by intramuscular administration of the lysozyme alone. This effect was potentiated by combined use with penicillins. In case of pneumococcal infection the lysozyme alone did not show significant prolongation on survival time of mice, but it potentiated the protective effect of penicillins against this experimental infections.
THE JAPANESE' JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS XXII-4 3) TURK, D.C.& J.R.MAY:Haemophilus infiuenzae. Its clinical importance. p.44 `47, English Universities Press, London,1967. 4) HOLDAWAY, M.D. & D.C.TURK: Capsulated Haemophilus infiuenzae and respiratory-tract disease. Lancet 1967-1: 358 360, 1967. 5) TURK, D.C. & J.R.MAY:Haemophilus infiuenzae. Its clinical importance. p.39-43, English Universities Press, London, 1967. 6) TURK, D.C. & J.R.MAY: Haemophilus infiuenzae. Its clinical importance. p.15, p.53, English Universities Press, London, 1967. 7) MAY,J.R.:Ampicillin in the therapy of chronic bronchitis. Postgrad. Med. J. 40(12) : 193-197, Dec. 1964. 8) TURK, D.C. & J.R.MAY:Haemophilus infiuenzae. Its clinical importance. p.73, English Universities Press, London, 1967. 9) UEHARA, S.:The role of Haemophilus infiuenzae in recurrent bronchitis in infantand children. XII. International Congress of Pediatrics. Dec. 1968.
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322 THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS XXII-4 Aug. 3) ABRAHAM, E. P & E. S. DUTHIE: Effect of ph of the medium on activity of streptomycin and penicillin and other chemotherapeutic substances. Lancet 1946-1: 455-459, 1946. 4) MOU, T. W.: Effect of urine ph on the antibacterial activity of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents. J. Urol. 87(6): 978-987, Dec. 1962. 5) SABATH, L. D., D. A. GERSTEIN, P. B. LODER & M. FINLAND: Excretion of erythromycin and its enhanced activity in urine against gram-negative bacilli with alkalinization. J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 72 (6): 916-923, Dec. 1968. 6) EAGLE, H., M. LEUY & R. FLEISCHMAN: The effect of the ph of the medium on the antibacterial action of penicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, terramycin, and bacitracin. Antibiot. & Chemoth. 2(11): 563,-575, Nov. 1952.
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