小学生における基本的生活習慣が自己統制および向社会的行動に及ぼす影響 * ** * ** Effects of Basic Daily Habits in Elementary School Students on their Self-Control and Prosocial Behavior Junko AKAZAWA * Tomoko GOTO ** Jin-ai University * Baika Women s University ** A 1 6 6,189 A A 問題と目的 1994 20 A PTA 1. 小学生における基本的生活習慣, 自己統制, および向社会的行動 (1) 基本的生活習慣 食事, 睡眠, 挨拶 2008 2003 2008 2002 2008 55 12 10 2 4 20 1
2 12 2013, 2008 2001 eg. 2006 2006 eg. 20062007 2005 A (2) 自己統制 self-regulation self-control Thoresen&Mahoney, 1974 1986 1988 3 6 2 2 4 5 3 7 2000 3 6 4 4 1 6 (3) 向社会的行動 prosocial behavior
Mussen Eisenberg,1977 1983 1983 Eisenberg Mussen 1989 1 6 2. 小学生における基本的生活習慣と自己統制および向社会的行動との関連 2003 2 2 3. 本研究の目的 方法 1. 調査対象者 A 29 6189(Table1) Table1 1001 1031 1049 3081 986 1038 1084 3108 1987 2069 2133 6189 3
12 2013 2. 調査時期 2007 6 3. 調査内容 (1) 基本的生活習慣について 1 1 2 3 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 1 8 2 9 3 10 4 11 5 5 1 10 2 9 3 8 4 7 5 6 6 6 3 8 1 0 1 23. 45 6 7 8 (2) 自己統制 1988 2 4 2000 4 8 12 4 (3) 向社会的行動 1988 4 2006 5 9 4 4. 調査手続き A PTA 結果 1. 小学生の基本的生活習慣, 自己統制, および向社会的行動の男女差と学年差 (1) 基本的生活習慣 1 Table 2 A 90 2 4 =8.47, p <.10 Table390 2 2 4 =20.87, p <.001 57.4 41.2 Figure1 4
Table2 93.8 938 5.4 54 0.8 8 90.8 936 7.8 80 1.5 15 90.8 952 7.9 83 1.3 14 92.1 908 7.2 71 0.7 7 92.4 959 6.8 71 0.8 8 90.1 977 8.8 95 1.1 12 Table3 0 1 2 2.8 28 29.5 295 67.7 678 4.8 49 27.7 286 67.5 696 7.1 74 26.4 277 66.5 698 4.0 39 28.0 276 68.1 671 4.2 44 27.7 288 68.0 706 5.2 56 29.2 317 65.6 711 Figure1. 2 Table4 2 2 = 14.07, p <.01 2 8 =503.56, p <.001 2 8 =633.94, p <.001 21 22 Table5 2 2 = 9.68, p <.10 2 8 = 344.01, p <.001 2 8 =388.94, p <.001 9 8 3 232 F 5,6183 = 19.75, p <.001; F 5,6183 = 21.12, p <.001 Table6 Tukey Figure2 70 (2) 自己統制 12 2 2 Table7 1 2 =.73 1 =.68 2 =.55 2 2 23 2 Table6 5
12 2013 Table4 20 21 22 23 6.8 68 67.5 676 24.1 241 0.7 7 0.9 9 2.0 21 49.3 508 44.7 461 3.6 37 0.4 4 1.3 14 27.3 286 58.4 613 12.0 126 1.0 10 6.6 65 69.5 685 22.3 220 1.2 12 0.4 4 3.5 36 49.1 510 41.8 434 4.9 51 0.7 7 1.5 16 22.0 238 59.1 641 16.5 179 0.7 21 Table5 10 9 8 7 6 13.1 131 66.7 668 18.9 189 0.7 7 0.2 2 0.4 4 5.7 59 54.1 558 36.4 375 3.4 35 0.4 4 0 0 4.8 50 37.7 395 48.3 507 7.4 78 1.4 15 0.4 4 10.8 106 68.6 676 18.9 186 1.2 12 0.2 2 0.4 4 8.1 84 53.5 555 34.1 354 3.5 36 0.6 6 0.3 3 4.0 43 35.1 380 48.3 524 11.3 123 0.9 10 0.4 4 = 297.60, p <.001; F 5,6183 = 18.09, p <.001 Table6 2. 基本的生活習慣と自己統制および向社会的行動 (1) 食事 Figure2 F 5,6183 = 160.7, p <.001 F 5,6183 = 54.11, p <.001 (3) 向社会的行動 9 1 =.85 2 3 2 F 5,6183 3 F 2,6186 = 40.08, p <.001; F 2,6186 = 22.28, p <.001, F 2,6186 = 33.93, p <.001 Tukey 3 0 1 2 6
Table6 F 6.83 6.77 6.51 7.06 6.95 6.7 19.75*** 21.12*** 0.14 1.73 1.78 1.95 1.51 1.64 1.69 18.59 18.8 18.59 19.73 19.8 19.67 160.70*** 1.45 0.22 3.39 3.39 3.51 3.28 3.17 3.19 12.66 12.29 11.95 12.87 12.35 11.94 1.97 54.11*** 0.99 2.41 2.64 2.54 2.48 2.61 2.5 28.8 28.73 27.84 30.8 30.92 30.18 297.60*** 18.09*** 0.57 5.05 5.09 5.54 4.53 4.68 4.82 *** p <.001 Table7 1 2 0.619 0.145 0.496 0.218 0.492 0.186 0.466 0.203 0.384 0.280 0.379 0.173 0.219 0.550 0.108 0.458 0.176 0.413 0.196 0.406 F 2,6186 = 15.50, p <.001; F 2,6186 = 7.81, p <.001, F 2,6186 = 11.49, p <.001 Tukey (2) 睡眠 9 1 10 2 2 1 2 t 990 = 2.66, p <.01; t 980 = 2.56, p <.05 20005 8 48 2006 9 10 18 6 2 2 1 2 t 995 = 2.44, p <.05 31 2 t 980 = 2.92, p <.01; t 980 = 3.63, p <.001; t 980 = 2.28, p <.05 1 2 t 1029 = 2.69, p <.01 1 2 t 1078 = 2.27, p <.05; t 7
12 2013 Table8 N=5671 N=454 N=64 F 19.30 3.33 18.23 3.52 16.67 3.63 40.08*** 12.40 2.54 11.69 2.51 11.22 2.84 22.28*** 29.69 5.04 28.20 5.30 25.98 5.93 33.93*** 2 1 0 N=4160 N=454 N=64 F 19.34 3.32 18.99 3.36 18.39 3.88 15.50*** 12.40 2.55 12.24 2.53 11.86 2.67 7.81*** 29.73 5.04 29.25 5.12 28.53 5.62 11.49*** *** p <.001 Table9 1 N=799 2 N=198 t 1 N=782 2 N=200 t 18.63 3.37 18.41 3.48 0.81 19.88 3.23 19.12 3.43 2.92 ** 12.75 2.39 12.28 2.47 2.44 * 13.01 2.44 12.30 2.53 3.63 *** 28.88 5.05 28.37 5.06 1.25 30.96 4.47 30.15 4.76 2.28 * 1 N=617 2 N=414 t 1 N=639 2 N=396 t 18.94 3.35 18.58 3.44 1.70. 19.87 3.15 19.39 3.15 0.66 12.48 2.57 12.00 2.72 2.86 ** 12.39 2.59 12.30 2.67 0.57 28.90 5.11 28.46 5.05 1.37 31.15 4.43 30.60 4.94 1.83. 1 N=445 2 N=600 t 1 N=423 2 N=657 t 18.65 3.62 18.54 3.44 0.53 19.94 3.11 19.49 3.22 2.27 * 12.11 2.62 11.81 2.47 1.86 12.11 2.44 11.83 2.53 1.80 27.93 5.73 27.77 5.41 0.46 30.57 4.66 29.94 4.91 2.10 * p <.10, * p <.05, ** p <.01, *** p <.001 1078 = 2.10, p <.01 (3) 挨拶 2 2 t 999 = 3.32, p <.01;t 984 =7.30, p <.001; t 1029 = 4.37, p <.001; t 1036 = 4.78, p <.001; t 1047 = 6.97, p <.001;t 1082 = 4.00, p <.001; t 999 = 4.69, p <.001; t 984 = 8.02, p <.001; t 1029 = 5.26, p <.001; t 1036 = 3.77, p <.001; t 1047 = 6.57, p <.001; t 1082 = 4.48, p <.001 t 999 = 6.62, p <.001; t 984 = 6.84, p <.001; t 1029 = 6.43, p <.001; t 1036 = 9.43, p <.001; t 1047 = 8.06, p <.001;t 1082 = 6.15, p <.001 考察 1. 小学生の基本的生活習慣, 自己統制, および向社会的行動の男女差と学年差 (1) 基本的生活習慣 8
20076 86.3 2010 90 20075 111.4 2010 7 11 20076 17.7 2009 12.0 16.5 2006 2011 10 14 8 2011 8 9 A A 2009 2010 2005 A 2007 97 62 7 12 1997 80 (2) 自己統制 1988 2000 9
10 12 2013 1988 (3) 向社会的行動 1992 1992 2. 基本的生活習慣と自己統制および向社会的行動 17 2013 5 1999
3 6 付記 A PTA 引用文献 N. 1995. Eigenberg, N. 1992. The Caring Children. New York : Harvard University Press. 2002 4 29-41 2010 19 21 2007 25 35-43 2005 6 18 600 http://group.dai-ichi-life.co.jp/dlri/ldi/news/news0504. pdf 2013 11 15 Eisenberg, N. & Mussen, P. H. 1989. The Roots of Prosocial Behavior in Children. Cambridge University Press N & P. 1996. 2004 35 47-54 2001. 43 112 2006 17 241-251 1983 1986 self-regulation 29 3-24 1988 1983, 23 118-127 1988 2006 7 1 26-33. 2009. http://www.ipss.go.jp/syoushika/bunken/data/ pdf/134389.pdf 2013 11 3 2003 p78 2008 http:// 11
12 2013 www2.hayanehayaoki.jp/content/library/handbook.html 2013 11 3 2009 21 http://www.edogawaku.ed.jp/funaboris/mokuji/ H21zennkoku2.pdf 2013 11 3 2010 22 http://www.nier.go.jp/10chousakekkahoukoku/10_ point.pdf 2013 11 3 Mussen, P., & Eisenberg-Berg, N. 1977 Roots of caring, sharing, and helping: The development of prosocial behavior in children. Freeman. P N 1980 2000 2000 6 83-93 2010 22 [ ] http://www. jpnsport.go.jp/anzen/portals/0/anzen/kenko/siryou/chosa/ syoku_life_h22/ H22syokuseikatsu_3.pdf 2013 11 3 1984 38 1847-1856 1999 14179-212 2006 209-233 2007 2 http:// www.ouchiclub.com/result/resul23.htm 2013 11 3 Thoresen, C. E. & Mahoney, M. J. 1974. Behavioral selfcontrol. New York : Holt.Rinehart and Winston 2011 23 http://www.stat.go.jp/data/shakai/2011/ pdf/gaiyou2.pdf 2013 11 3 20135 7 32-37 1997 56 4 545-555 2005 56 1 19-28 12