2004 2004 17.9% 2005 9.4%
BCV, Información Estadística ( [sembrar el petróleo]) Karl[1997] Paradox of Plenty Corden[1984] 30 18 PDVSA Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A.
1980 1970 2004 13
1920 90 IT ( API API 26 26 29.99 30 33.99 34 38.99 39
HP(http://www.soci.nii.ac.jp WTI 2004 WTI 10 1)(exploration) 2)(development) 3)(production)
1960 70 PDVSA PDVSA 100% Citgo
2005 PDVSA
EPC Schlemberger Halliburton
(Possible reserves) (Probable reserves) (Proven Recoverable) [1999:53-54] 1970 OPEC 73.9%(2004 ) 10 OECD 7% OPEC R/P ratio 40.5 OPEC 70 OECD 10.9 2004
UAE (1)
1965 1975 1985 1995 2004 31,803 55,824 57,468 68,008 80,260 100.0 2,219 7,216 3,601 9,032 10,584 13.2 n/a n/a 10,904 6,288 9,285 11.6 9,014 10,008 10,580 8,322 7,241 9.0 1,908 5,387 2,205 3,744 4,081 5.1 362 806 2,912 3,065 3,824 4.8 227 1,545 2,505 2,989 3,490 4.3-189 823 2,903 3,188 4.0 920 1,735 1,812 2,402 3,085 3.8 9 3,503 2,422 1,744 2,959 2,980 3.7 UAE* 282 1,696 1,260 2,410 2,667 3.3 274 1,785 1,499 1,998 2,508 3.1 2,371 2,132 1,127 2,130 2,424 3.0 2 34 2,675 2,749 2,029 2.5 1,313 2,271 1,425 530 2,027 2.5 577 1,003 1,151 1,327 1,933 2.4 1,220 1,514 1,025 1,439 1,607 2.0 96 178 560 718 1,542 1.9 n/a n/a 466 434 1,295 1.6 486 1,306 1,342 1,578 1,126 1.4 13 158 232 633 991 1.2 10,779 13,669 20,060 20,737 20,732 25.8 14,386 27,168 16,695 27,607 32,927 41.0 12,559 18,740 28,733 33,103 35,916 44.7
30.6% 10 UAE 1985 39.4% 2004 24.8% 20 70 50% OPEC 70 80 30% OPEC 2004 41% OECD 25.8% 724.1 2.8 2,000 (2004 ) 2002 199 2004
76,771.4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
7.8% 5.5% 20 75% 25% OPEC OPEC OPEC 2002 2003 2005 200
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 77.73 76.93 79.65 83.04 83.95 84.45 83.79 77.66 78.36 79.89 82.49 83.94 82.28 83.08 0.07-1.42-0.24 0.56 0.02 2.17 0.71 OECD 23.30 23.41 23.22 22.76 22.41 22.44 21.12 47.96 47.95 48.65 49.51 50.39 48.59 49.21-24.66-24.54-25.43-26.75-27.98-26.15-28.09 8.96 9.00 8.80 8.70 19.65 19.76 20.03 20.73 20.63 20.51 20.77-10.69-10.76-11.24-12.03-11.92-11.71-12.84 54.43 53.52 56.43 60.28 62.67 29.69 30.41 31.24 32.97 33.55 33.70 33.87 24.73 23.12 25.19 27.31 27.99 28.31 28.80-0.18 0.23-0.45-0.40 0.16-1.45-0.32 0.00 0.16-0.24-0.01 0.12-0.33-0.63
OPEC 14 10 OPEC 19 20 1970 1970 70 OPEC 1960 70 1990 1 10 2003 30 2005 60 (NYMEX) 2% WTI
[2001:49-51] WTI 3 5 2005 10 WTI 10 10 20 330 2004 19 8330.2 75 8760.1 EIA [http://www.eia.doe.gov] 1991 22% 2005 11.0% 10 1996 0.3% 2005 3.5%
0.26% 2004 10 API 1990 PDVSA 11 11 17,000 20,000 6% OPEC 35.2% 97.6 OPEC 2000 1000
285 2002 12 2003 2000 2004 20 30 1960 70 11 OPEC IOC: International Oil Companies (NOC: National Oil Companies) 70 OPEC 2001 15% 12 OPEC 38.9% 51.8% OPEC, 12 Pemex Statoil
13 1990 [2003:11-12] 12 90 1970 80 OPEC
2005 PDVSA 1920 2004 GDP 17.2% 84.9% 55.3% (BCV, Información Estadídstica) 772 BP 2004 298 PDVSA 300 IEA EIA 260
300 IEA EIA OPEC 2004 300.9 257.6 OPEC, OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2004, Monthly Oil Market Report OPEC [http://www.opec.org.] 260 BP 40 BP OPEC (2006 )322.3 13 1970 80 200 1976 60 1976 80 1998 300 2002 12 2003 250 260 1998 2002
03 14 1920 14 14 1990 2000 15 16
15 1976 (IOC) PDVSA 1960 1980 90 PDVSA PDVSA 90 PDVSA 90 2005 1990 PDVSA 90 PDVSA 17 86.8% PDVSA 90 90 PDVSA
18 65% 25% 55.8% 65.0% 10 2005 PDVSA 1999 90 90 PDVSA
PDVSA 1990 PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA 2002 2003 PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA PDVSA Fondespa Fonden[ ] PDVSA 1990 1% 30% 34% 50% 2005 PDVSA 90
2005 CNPC Petrocaribe,Petrosur 25% 12 Petrobras PDVSA 18
[2003] [1991] [1999] [2003] 21 Vol.51 No.2. [2003] Vol.51 No.2. [2003] [2001] : [1986] [2003] Vol.51 No.2. [1997] W.L. 1983 Corden, W,M.[1984] Booming Sector and Dutch Disease Economics Oxford Economic Papers, November Vol.36 No.3, pp.359-380. Deutsche Bank, Global Energy Wire, (Nov.24, 2003). Karl, Terry Lynn[1997]The Paradox of Plenty: Oil Booms and Petro-States, Berkeley: University of California Press.
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