moxifloxacin in vitro moxifloxacin in vitro 17 9 6 17 11 21 moxifloxacinmflx in vitro cefdinir CFDNclavulanic acidamoxicillincvaampcclarithromycincamclindamycincldm levofloxacinlvfx 1MFLX Clostridium clostridiiformeclostridium ramosumlactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus plantarum MIC90 2 µ gml 2MFLX Finegoldia magna Propionibacterium acnesprevotella intermedia, Porphyromonas gingivalisfusobacterium nucleatum 0.5 µ gml MIC90 MFLX CVAAMPC LVFX 432 Key words: moxifloxacinanaerobeclinical isolatemic MoxifloxacinMFLX MFLX 13 MFLX Bacteroides spp. Clostridium spp. 26 MFLX 19941997 MFLX in vitro cefdinircfdnβ clavulanic acidamoxicillin CVAAMPC clarithromycincam clindamycincldm levofloxacinlvfx I 1 27 27 26 36 7 7 19941997 17 323 Peptostreptococcus 20 Peptoniphilus 25 Finegoldia 25 Micromonas 25 Propionibacterium 36 Clostridium 47 Actinomyces 21 Veil- 11 lonella 10 Bacteroides 36 imipenemipm Bacteroides 11 19861994 Prevotella 40 Porphyromonas 14 Fusobacterium 24 2 MFLX CFDNCVA AMPCCAMCLDM LVFX 3MIC MIC National Committee for Clinical Laboratory StandardsNCCLS 7 5 HK 10 5 CFUspot10 7 CFUmL N2 82CO2 10H2 8 3548 Clostridium spp. 18 II 1 Table 1 Table 2 MFLX MIC
0.038 µ gml Clostridium clostridiiforme Clostridium ramosumlactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus plantarum 4 MIC 4 8 µ gml MFLX MIC 2 µ gml β lactam Bacteroides fragilis MIC 0.1251 µ gml Table 3 2 MIC MIC50 MIC90 Table 4142 MIC50 0.034 µ g mlmic90 0.0616 µ gml MIC90 Finegoldia magna 0.25 µ gml Propionibacterium acnes MIC 0.25 µ gml Clostridium Actinomyces MIC90 116 µ gml Porphyromonas Prevotella intermedia Fusobacterium nucleatum MIC90 0.060.5 µ g ml Bacteroides VeillonellaPrevotella bivia MIC90 216 µ gml MFLX CVAAMPC LVFX 432 Clostridium difficile P. bivia MFLX MIC90 16 µ gml C. difficile CFDNCAMCLDM LVFX 16 P. bivia CFDN LVFX 2 B. fragilis MFLX CVAAMPC LVFX CFDNCAM CLDM 32 IPM Bacteroides spp. MFLX MIC90 4 µ gml 464
moxifloxacin in vitro III MFLX PeptostreptococcusPeptoniphilusMicromonas micros AnaerococcusPorphyromonas spp.p. intermedia F. nucleatum MFLX 400 mg 1 1 Cmax 2.50 µ gmlauc 29.8 µ ghmlt12 15.6 h 8 5.196.95 18.5944.61 9 MFLX 400 mg 1 1 Cmax 0.9 µ gml 10 P. acnes P. acnes F. magna MIC90 8 µ gml MIC80 1 µ gml Clostridium difficile Bacteroides fragi-
moxifloxacin in vitro
lis MIC90 816 µ gml CAMCLDM LVFX 16256 µ gml MFLX CVAAMPC LVFX 432 MFLX IPM Bacteroides spp. MIC50 MIC90 1 4 µ gml 464 MFLX β -lactam 1 Dalhoff A, Petersen U, Endermann R: In vitro activity of BAY 12-8039, a new 8-methoxyquinolone. Chemother 42: 410425, 1996 2 Woodcock J M, Andrews J M, Boswell F J, et al: In vitro activity of BAY 12-8039, a new fluoroquinolone. Antimicrob Agent Chemother 41: 101106, 1997 3 Bauernfeind A: Comparison of the antibacterial activities of the quinolones Bay 12-8039, gatifloxacinam 1155trovafloxacin, clinafloxacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. J Antimicrob Chemother 40: 639651, 1997 4 MacGowan A P, Bowker K E, Holt H A, et al: Bay 12-8039, a new 8-methoxy-quinolone : comparative invitro activity with nine other antimicrobials against anaerobic bacteria. J Antimicrob Chemother 40: 503 509, 1997 5 Aldridge K E, Ashcraft D S: Comparison of the in vitro activities of Bay 12-8039, a new quinolone, and other antimicrobials against clinically important anaerobes. Antimicrob Agent Chemother 41: 709711, 1997 6 Ackermann G, Schaumann R, Pless B, et al: Comparative activity of moxifloxacin in vitro against obligately anaerobic bacteria. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 19: 228232, 2000 7 National Committee for Clinical Microbiology : Performance standard for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria. NCCLS publication No. M11-A4, Villanowa, PA, 1997 8 Stass H, Kubitza D: Pharmacokinetics and elimination of moxifloxacin after oral and intravenous administration in man. J Antimicrob Chemother 43Suppl B: 8390, 1999 9 Soman A, Honeybourne D, Andrews J, et al: Concentrations of moxifloxacin in serum and pulmonary compartments following a single 400 mg oral dose in patients undergoing fibre-optic bronchoscopy. J Antimicrob Chemother 44: 835838, 1999 10 Muller M, Stass H, Brunner M, et al: Penetration of Moxifloxacin into peripheral compartments in humans. Antimicrob Agent Chemother 43: 23452349, 1999 In vitro antibacterial activity of moxifloxacin against anaerobic and facultative bacteria Kaori Tanaka and Kunitomo Watanabe Division of Anaerobe Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, 11 Yanagido, Gifu, Japan MoxifloxacinMFLX, a new synthetic antibacterial, was assessed for in vitro antibacterial activity against anaerobic and facultative bacteria in comparison with cefdinircfdn, clavulanic acidamoxicillincva AMPC, clarithromycincam, clindamycincldmand levofloxacinlvfx. The results obtained are describe below. 1. MFLX showed antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of reference strains of anaerobic and facultative bacteria, ranging from gram-positive to gram-negative. The MICs of MFLX were2 µ gml for all of the strains except Clostridium clostridiiforme, C. ramosum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus plantarum. 2. The MICs of MFLX for clinical isolates, showed potent antibacterial activitymic:0.5 µ gmlagainst gram-positive cocci, except F. magna, and against Propionibacterium acnes, and gram-negative Prevotella inter media, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. The antibacterial activity of MFLX was almost equal to that of CVAAMPC. The activity of MFLX was also equal to or 432 times greater than that of LVFX.