LCC Low-cost carrier Harvie et al Frenzel

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しゅんすけこやぎ
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1 This paper investigates how activists realize their social movement activity in the process of going their destination for tourism. Recently, scholars have shown increasing interest in the mobility of social movements because activists come to the protest arena from a long distance and stay in the protest area for a limited period of time. This can be considered as protest tourism by activists. This study discusses accommodation and communication processes in the movements in Japan. Two key findings emerged: firstly, tourist protesters are politically socialized through the communication with others. Secondly, these type of tourists are not only politically socialized, but learn the manner and behavior which appropriate to the social movement community. This paper concludes that protest tourism plays an important role in creating solidarity in the era of individualization to share identity, experience, and behavior with other activists in accommodation and communication processes. 1 NGO Non-Governmental Organization G G Feigenbaum et al., Tominaga

2 LCC Low-cost carrier Harvie et al Frenzel

3 Frenzel Frenzel Rolfes et al. Cohen Cohen Pearce Pearce Ting Carl Cohen, Ting and Carl

4 : : : : : 2.2 Gerbaudo Feigenbaum

5 Feigenbaum et al. : Feigenbaum et al. : Graeber ; Glass Harvie et al., Tominaga, Melucci Kanter Kevin McDonald McDonald McDonald

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15 McDonald A A A Twitter Twitter A A A A A A Infoshop TOKYO A A A A A A Cohen, E., Alternative Tourism : A Critique, Tourism Recreation Research : -. Cohen, E., Backpacking: Diversity and Change, Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change : -. Feigenbaum, A., Frenzel, F., & McCurdy, P., Protest Camps, London: Zed Books. Frenzel, F., Slum Tourism and Urban Regeneration: Touring Inner Johannesburg, Urban Forum : -. Gerbaudo, P., Tweets and the Streets: Social Media and Contemporary Activism, London: Pluto Press. Glass, P., Everyday Routines in Free Spaces: Explaining the Persistence of the Zapatistas in Los Angeles, Mobilization : -. Graeber, D., Direct action: An Ethnography, Oakland: AK Press. Harvie, D., Milburn, K., Trott, B., & Watts, D. Eds., Shut Them Down!: The G8, Gleneagles 2005 and the Movement of Movements. New York, NY: Autonomedia. Higuchi, T., Global Activist Network Involving Asia: Global Continuation and Evolution in Japan Inter- Asia Cultural Studies, -.

16 Kanter, R. M., Commitment and Community: Communes and Utopias in Sociological Perspective, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.!, - McCurdy, P., Feigenbaum, A., & Frenzel, F., Protest Camps and Repertoires of Contention, Retrieved August,, from Social Movement Studies Website /.. McDonald, K., Global Movements: Action and Culture, Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. Melucci, A., The Symbolic Challenge of Contemporary Movements, Social Research: An International Quarterly : -. G, -, -. Pearce, P., The Backpacker Phenomenon: Preliminary Answers to Basic Questions, North Queensland: James Cook University. Rolfes, M., Steinbrink, M., & Uhl, C., Townships as Attraction: An Empirical Study of Township Tourism in Cape Town, Potsdam: Universitätsverl. - Ting, A. E. and Kahl, C., Self Discovery and Backpackers: A conceptual paper about liminal experience, International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage : -. Tominaga, K., Social Reproduction and the Limitations of Protest Camps: Openness and Exclusion of Social Movements in Japan, Social Movement Studies : -. G Wood, L. J., Direct Action, Deliberation, and Diffusion: Collective Action after the WTO Protests in Seattle, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. B -

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