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1 % % IMF Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: PRSP [ ], [ ], [ ] 11

2 Economic Survey Labour Force Survey: LFS / / / / / / A B n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. C D E C / A C / B n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. E / C D Government of Pakistan, Economic Survey - Statistical Supplement, Economic Survey - a s LFS LFS /,,, LFS 12

3 ,. % completely unemployed (underemployed) LFS /. [ ] [ ] [ ] %. % LFS / % / % / % d. f /.. LFS / 13

4 LFS % purdah. LFS. LFS.. LFS Federal Bureau of Statistics, Labour Force Survey -... Islamabad LFS / % LFS g Mirza [ ] h LFS Rural Urban 14

5 Bastis Harris and Todaro [ ] Sadaqat [ ] Ahmed and Sirageldin [ ] -Population, Labor Force, and Migration Survey Khan and Shehnaz [ ] LFS / LFS LFS migrant district j LFS /Population Labor Force and Migration Survey /National Migration Survey k [ ] [ ] l province district 15

6 LFS /. / =% / =% Khan and Shehnaz [ ] LFS /.. 16

7 Chaudhry [ ] De Kruijk [ ] Pasha and Hasan [ ] Jehangir and Sampath [ ] Chaudhry [ ] Arif and Ibrahim [ ] 0 [ ] 1 //... % LFS / LFS / 17

8 - LFS Khan and Shehnaz [ ] Barkley [ ] Khan and Shehnaz [ ] Bureau of Emigration and Overseas Employment: BEOE BEOE Protector of Emigrants Haj,,, 18

9 Burney [ ] / / / hundi (GDP) Nishat and Bilgrami [ ] / / GDP Government of Pakistan, Economic Survey 2 19

10 /./ - ILO/ARTEP ARTEP Phase II Migration Project Amjad [ ] Batzlen [ ] % ILO/ARTEP.. Kazi [ ] Arif [ ] Ilahi and Jafarey [ ] Lefebvre [ ] Addelton [ ] Arif [ ] Batzlen [ ] 20

11 Khan et al. [ ] Abbassi [ ] - LFS / employer self-employed unpaid family helpers employee % % % % LFS / % / % // LFS / Nasir [ ] 21

12 Nasir [ ] / Kurosaki [ a] LFS Weiss [ ] LFS LFS LFS %. % Kurosaki [ a] / %. % [ ] [ ] 22

13 / % Sayeed and Ali [ ] % [ ] Sayeed and Khattak [ ] Khattak [ ] Nasir [ ] U Kurosaki [ a, b] IFPRI Fafchamps and Quisumbing [ ] Kurosaki [ a, b] 3 23

14 Kurosaki b % Kurosaki [ b] IFPRI Sawada [ ] Sawada and Lokshin [ ] LFS [ ] 24

15 - -. No. : No.-. No.-. A Discussion Paper No. : -. : -. Abbassi, Nasreen ( ) Urbanization in Pakistan, -, PIDE Research Report, No.. Addelton, Jonathan S. ( ) Understanding the Centre: The Gulf Migration and Pakistan, Karachi: Oxford University Press. Ahmed, Ather M. and Ismail Sirageldin ( ) Socio-Economic Determinants of Labour Mobility in Pakistan, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Summer: -. Amjad, Rashid ( ) Worker s Remittances and Pakistan s Economy, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Winter: -. Arif, G.M. ( ) Reintegration of Pakistani Return Migrants from the Middle East in the Domestic Labour Market, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Summer: -. ( ) Remittances and Investments at the Household Level in Pakistan. PIDE Research Report, No.. and Sabahia Ibrahim ( ) The Process of Urbanization in Pakistan, -, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Winter: -. 25

16 Barkley, Andrew ( ) The Determinants of Interdistrict Labor In-migration in Pakistan, -, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Autumn: -. Batzlen, Christof ( ) Migration and Economic Development -Remittances and Investments in South Asia: A Case Study of Pakistan. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang. Burney, Nadeem A. ( ) A Macro-Economic Analysis of the Impact of Workers Remittances on Pakistan s Economy, In Rashid Amjad (ed.) To the Gulf and Back: Studies on the Economic Impact of Asian Labour Migration, New Delhi: UNDP/ILO-ARTEP (Asian Regional Team for Employment Program). Chaudhry, Ghaffer M. ( ) Green Revolution and Redistribution of Rural Incomes: Pakistan s Experience, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Autumn: -. De Kruijk, Hans ( ) Inequality in the Four Provinces of Pakistan, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Winter: -. Fafchamps, M. and Agnes R. Quisumbing ( ) Human Capital, Productivity, and Labor Allocation in Rural Pakistan. Journal of Human Resources, ( ), Spring : -. Harris, John R. and Michael P. Todaro ( ) Migration, Unemployment & Development: A Two-Sector Analysis, American Economic Review, ( ), -. Ilahi, Nadeem and Saqib Jafarey ( ) Guestworker Migration, Remittances and the Extended Family: Evidence from Pakistan, Journal of Development Economics,, -. Jehangir, Waqar A. and R. K. Sampath ( ) Demand for Permanent Hired Labour in Pakistan s Agriculture, Pakistan Economic and Social Review, ( ), -. Kazi, Shahnaz ( ) Domestic Impact of Overseas Migration: Pakistan, In Rashid Amjad (ed.) To the Gulf and Back: Studies on the Economic Impact of Asian Labour Migration, New Delhi: UNDP/ILO- ARTEP. Khan, Aliya H. and Lubna Shehnaz ( ) Determinants of Internal Migration in Pakistan: Evidence from the Labour Force Survey, -, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), -. Khan, Izzatullah, Qamar Ali Shah, and Mohammad Azam ( ) Return Migrants of Pakistan: Problems and Chances of Absorption, Report of Research Project sponsored by Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Islamabad. Khattak, Saba Gul ( ) Subcontracted Work and Gender Relations: The Case of Pakistan. In R. Balakrishnan (ed.) The Hidden Assembly Line: Gender Dynamics of Subcontracted Work in a Global Economy. Bloomfield, Conn.: Kumarian Press, pp. -. Kurosaki, Takashi ( a) Effects of Education on Farm and Non-Farm Productivity in Rural Pakistan. FASID Discussion Paper Series on International Development Strategies, No. -, July. Foundation for Advanced Studies on International Development. ( b) Effects of Human Capital on Farm and Non-Farm Productivity in Rural Pakistan, Mimeo, Hitotsubashi University, December. Lefebvre, Alain ( ) International Labour Migration from Two Pakistani Villages with Different Forms of Agriculture, Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Spring: -. Mirza, Jasmin ( ) Between Chaddar and the Market: Female Office Workers in Lahore. Karachi: Oxford University Press. Nasir, Zafar Mueen ( ) Determinants of Personal Earnings in Pakistan: Findings from the Labour Force Survey -. Pakistan Development Review, ( ), Autumn: -. 26

17 Nishat, Mohammed and Nighat Bilgrami ( ) The Impact of Migrant Worker's Remittances on Pakistan Economy, Pakistan Economic and Social Review, ( ), Summer: -. Pasha, Hafiz A. and Tariq Hasan ( ) Development Ranking of Districts of Pakistan, In S. Akbar Zaidi (ed.) Regional Imbalances and the National Question in Pakistan, Lahore: Vanguard. Sadaqat, Mahpara ( ) Determinants of Migration in a Large Third World City, Pakistan Economic and Social Review, ( ), Summer: -. Sawada, Yasuyuki ( ) Human Capital Investments in Pakistan: Implications of Micro Evidence from Rural Households. Pakistan Development Review, ( II), Winter: -. Sawada, Y. and M. Lokshin ( ) Sequential Schooling Decisions of Households: Evidence from Field Surveys in Rural Pakistan, Policy Research Working Papers No., Development Research Group, the World Bank, March. Sayeed, Asad and Karamt Ali ( ) Labour Market Policies and Institutions: A Framework for Social Dialogue. Research Report No., Karachi: PILER (Pakistan Institute of Labour Education & Research). Sayeed, Asad and Saba Gul Khattak ( ) Women s Work and Empowerment Issues in an Era of Economic Liberalization: A Case Study of Pakistan's Urban Manufacturing Sector. PILER. Weiss, A. M. ( ) Culture, Class and Development in Pakistan. Lahore: Vanguard. 27

s Government of India, Ministry of Labour d Weiner 16

s Government of India, Ministry of Labour d Weiner 16 a Singh Government of India, Ministry of Labour 15 s Government of India, Ministry of Labour d Weiner 16 Chakrobarty, et al. Lin and Paul f Ghosh g Singh h Chakrobarty, et al. Samaddar Samaddar - j = 17

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