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1 pp EFFECT OF OBJECTIVELY MEASURED OUTDOOR TIME ON PHYSICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS AND ITS CORRELATES AMONG OLDER ADULTS Kazuhiro Harada, Sangyoon L, Sungchul L, Songryu Ba, and Knji Harada Ky words: agd, gographic information systm, global positioning systm, halth promotion, hombound prsons. 緒言 Wttstin t al. 9 1 Murayama t al. 7 global positioning systm; GPS * Graduat School of Human Dvlopmnt and Environmnt, Kob Univrsity, Kob, Japan. ** Dpartmnt of Prvntiv Grontology, National Cntr for Griatrics and Grontology, Aichi, Japan. *** Graduat School of Halth and Sport Scincs, Chukyo Univrsity, Aichi, Japan.
2 方法 A. 対象者と手続き Mini Mntal Stat Examination Rturning to hom ara at 11:01: GPS GPS B. 測定項目 1 GPS Globalsat DG-200 Data Loggr, Taiwan 1 14 GPS GPS 100 m GPS 30 1 ArcGIS for Dsktop 10.3, USA GPS GPS 2 1 Laving from hom ara at 8:47: Frquncy (n) Fig.1 Exampl of data from global positioning systm and calculation of outdoor tim. Each gray point shows position data, and a gray circl shows hom ara 100 m radius of hom rprsntativ point. In this xampl, h/sh lft from hom ara at 8:47:19, and rturnd to hom ara at 11:01:24. Thus, outdoor tim in this xampl was 2:15: < 1 < 2 < 3 < 4 < 5 < 6 < 7 < 8 < 9 9 Outdoor tim (hour/day) 2 n = 194 Fig.2 Distribution frquncy of outdoor tim at baslin n = 194.
3 GPS GDS WHO-5 S-WHO-5-J 3 GDS-15 S-WHO-5-J National Cntr for Griatrics and Grontology-Functional Assssmnt Tool 6 trail making tst A B symbol digit substitution task trail making tst Lubbn Social Ntwork Scal-6 5 Community Commitmnt Scal 4 2 ArcGIS for Dsktop 10.3 ntwork analyst 5 4 C. 解析 Mini Mntal Stat Examination
4 結果 A. 外出時間 身体活動 身体 心理機能の相互関連性 n = B. 外出時間に関連する個人 環境要因 2 n = *** Gndr ( mal) -0.30*** Ag 0.21 ** Outdoor tim/day -0.15* 0.23 ** 0.28 *** Stps/day 0.18 ** ** 0.14 * * Cardiorspiratory fitnss ( 6MWT) Lowr-xtrmity strngth ( 5CS) Wll-bing ( S-WHO-5-J) *** *** Dprssion (GDS-15) 0.14 * 3 1 Fig.3 Associations of outdoor tim and stps-pr-day with physical and psychological function among oldr adults by path analysis. Goodnss of fit indx = 0.98, comparativ fit indx = 0.97, root man squar rror of approximation = CS; fiv-rptition chair stand tst, 6MWT; 6-min walk tst, GDS-15; Griatric Dprssion Scal 15, S-WHO-5-J; simplifid Japans vrsion of World Halth Organization-fiv wllbing indx. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < This rsult was originally publishd in Harada t al. 2
5 Tabl 1 Multipl rgrssion analysis for dmographic and nvironmntal corrlats of outdoor tim pr day at baslin. Standardizd bta P-valu Dmographic factors Gndr mal Ag 0.25 < Education Living alon ys Currnt driving status ys Far of falling scor Environmntal factors Social ntwork Community commitmnt: blonging Community commitmnt: socializing Distanc to suprmarkt stor Distanc to convninc stor Distanc to public transportation Th dpndnt variabl was outdoor tim/day. 2 1 Tabl 2 Multipl rgrssion analysis for dmographic and nvironmntal prdictors of changs in outdoor tim pr day. Standardizd bta a P-valu Dmographic factors Ag Living alon ys Currnt driving status ys Environmntal factors Social ntwork Th dpndnt variabl was changs in outdoor tim/day. a Adjustd for allocation group and baslin outdoor tim. 1 n = C. 外出時間の変化が身体 心理 認知機能の変化に及ぼす影響 1 1 n = = 考察 A. 客観的に測定された高齢者の外出行動が身体 心理 認知機能に及ぼす影響 2
6 Tabl 3 Multipl rgrssions for rlationships btwn changs in outdoor tim par day and physical, psychological, and cognitiv functions. Dpndnt variabl Standardizd bta of Δoutdoor tim/day a P-valu Changs in physical functions Δ cardiorspiratory fitnss 6MWT Δ lowr-xtrmity strngth 5CS Changs in psychological functions Δ wll-bing S-WHO-5-J Δ dprssion GDS Changs in cognitiv functions Δ trail making tst-a Δ trail making tst-b Δ symbol digit substitution task Δ word mmory -immdiat rcognition Δ word mmory -dlayd rcall Δ story mmory -immdiat rcall Δ story mmory -dlayd rcognition a Adjustd for gndr, ag, ducation, living alon, ovrwight, chronic disas, allocation group, baslin outdoor tim, and baslin data of ach dpndnt variabl. 5CS; fiv-rptition chair stand tst, 6MWT; 6-min walk tst, GDS-15; Griatric Dprssion Scal 15, S-WHO-5-J; simplifid Japans vrsion of World Halth Organization-fiv wll-bing indx. 2 B. 客観的に測定された高齢者の外出行動に関連する要因 C. 本研究の強みと限界点 1 GPS 総括
7 101 謝辞 参考文献 1 Gorman E, t al : Acclromtry analysis of physical activity and sdntary bhavior in oldr adults: a systmatic rviw and data analysis. Eur Rv Aging Phys Act, 11, Harada K, t al. in prss : Objctivly-masurd outdoor tim and physical and psychological function among oldr adults. Griatr Grontol Int, doi: /ggi : WHO-5 S- WHO-5-J, 60, Kono A, t al : Dvlopmnt a community commitmnt scal with cross-sctional survy validation for prvnting social isolation in oldr Japans popl. BMC Public Halth, 12, : Lubbn Social Ntwork Scal LSNS-6., 48, Makizako H, t al : Evaluation of multidimnsional nurocognitiv function using a tablt prsonal computr: tst-rtst rliability and validity in communitydwlling oldr adults. Griatr Grontol Int, 13, Murayama H, t al : Contxtual ffct of nighborhood nvironmnt on hombound ldrly in a Japans community. Arch Grontol Griatr, 54, : 9 Wttstin M, t al : Out-of-hom bhavior and cognitiv impairmnt in oldr adults. J Appl Grontol, 34, : GDS 16,
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