Habitat Selection by Sika Deer on Kinkazan Island Seiki TAKATSUKI Biological Institute, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980 Japan ABSTR

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1 Habitat Selection by Sika Deer on Kinkazan Island Seiki TAKATSUKI Biological Institute, Faculty of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980 Japan ABSTRACT.- Habitat selection by Sika deer (Cervus nippon) on Kinkazan Island, northeastern Japan, was assessed by direct observation along routes tracked on foot between October 1973 and October A total of 791 deer groups (3,237 deer) were found through 121 trackings. Around the shrine, the vegeration was dominated by the Zoysia japonica community, and the deer were tame whose density was highest (ca. 800 deer/km2). Other deer were wild or semi-wild, and they were more frequently found in openlands than in woodlands. Selection index (S.I.) for each plant community was highest for the Pleioblastus chino community and the Zoysia japonica community, followed by the Miscanthus sinensis community, the Pteridium aguilinum community, and deciduous broad-leaved forests including the Carpinus tschonoskii community and the Fagus crenata community, and lowest for evergreen coniferous forests such as the Abies firma community, the Pinus thunbergii community, the Cryptomeria japonica community and others. Habitat selection by Sika deer on the island is primarily determined by the forage productivity of habitats, though cover requirements and innate socio-behaviorological factors are also important.

5 1983年6月金華山島のシカによるハビタット選択 Photo 1. Tame Sika deer feed (March Photo 2. living the shrine, concentrating to supplemental 1976). A wild Sika group found in an Abies firma community, February, 群落などの長草型群落は維持できず,シが維持できるのは,シバ群落へ退行してゆくものと考えられるバの旺盛な生産力によるもので,事重要なエサとなっている(高 2.そ around 187 実,ここのような高密度れらいずれの場所でも,シバが最も槻朝日,1978;TAKATSUKI,1980a) の他の地域シカの通算発見例数は791,延択指数を示したべ発見頭数は3,237に達した Table2に各群落に対するシカの選

8 AHLð N, I Winter habitats of moose and deer in relation to land use in Scandinavia. Viltrevy (Swed. Wildl.), 9: Bð TTNER, VON K Untersuchungen zum Deckungsaugebot ausgewhlter Waldstrukturen in einem Rehwildrevier. Waldhygiene, 13: CHARLES, W. N., D. MCCOWAN and K. EAST Selection of upland swards by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) on Rhum. J. Appl. Ecol., 14: CHRISTENSEN, E. M Classification of winter habitats of the white-tailed deer in northern Wisconsin based on forest ordination. Ecology, 43: COLLINS, W. B., P.J. URNESS and D. D. AUSTIN Elk diets and activities on different Lodgepole pine habitat segments. J. Wildl. Manage., 42: DUSEK, G. L Range relations of mule deer and cattle in prairie habitat. J. Wildl. Manage., 39: DZIECIOLOWSKI, R Repartition of habitat niches within the area of red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) population. Ekol. Pol., A, 17: GATES, J. E. and D. M. HARMAN White-tailed deer wintering area in a hemlock-northern hardwood forest. Can. Field-Nat., 94: GRUBB, P. and P. A. JEWELL Movement, daily activity and home range of Soay sheep. In g Island Survivors: The Ecology of the Soay Sheep of St. Kilda h (eds. JEWELL, P. A., D. MILNER and J. M. BOYD): Athlone Press, Lond. HUNTER, R. F The grazing of hill pasture sward types. J. Brit. Grassl. Soc., 9: \ Hill sheep and their pasture: a study of sheep-grazing in south-east Scotland. J. Ecol., 50: \& C. MILNER The behaviour of individual, related and groups of south country Cheviot hill sheep. Anim. Behav., 11: IRWIN, L. L Deer-moose relationships on a burn in northeastern Minnesota. J. Wildl. Manage., 39: JONES, G Influence of forest development on black-tailed deer winter range on Vancouver Island. In gwildlife and Forest Management in the Pacific Northwest h (ed. BLACK, H. C.): Oregon State Univ. KoHN, B. E. and MOOTY, J. J Summer habitat of white-tailed deer in north-central Minnesota. J. Wildl. Manage., 35: NIXON, C. M., M. W. MCCAIN and K. R. RUSSEL Deer food habits and range characteristics in Ohio. J. Wildl. Manage., 34:

9 PEEK, J. M., D. L. URICH and R. J. MACKIE Moose habitat selection and relationships to forest management in northeastern Minnesota. Wildl. Monogr., No. 48, 65 pp. POTVIN, F Deer and browse distribution by cover type in the Cherry River wintering area, Quebec. Naturaliste Can., 105: SURING, L. H. and P. A. VOHS, JR Habitat use by Columbian white-tailed deer. J. Wildl. Manage., 43: TAKATSUKI, S. 1980a. Food habits of Sika deer on Kinkazan Island. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., Ser. IV (Biol.), 38 (1): \ 1980b. The effects of Sika deer (Cervus nippon) on the growth of Pleioblastus chino. Jap. J. Ecol., 30: 1-8.

農林業における野生獣類の被害対策基礎知識

農林業における野生獣類の被害対策基礎知識 1 1-1 Cervus nippon 50 130kg 25 80kg 90 190cm90 150cm 70 130cm60 110cm 1994 1 DNA 22002 38 0 5 6 9 10 1.5 1 1 2 3 2 34 4 10 1998 23 5 71 9 11230 2 1 3 4 2cm 1cm 1 9 1 12 16 1 2 1991 1991 2002 1-2 1 1 1978