橡夏の学校９９.PDF

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1 VLSI LSI 99/8/20

2 LSI PC MPEG2 3 LSI LSI

3 LSI LSI

4 [1] PC LSI PC LSI

5 PentiumPC L2 Cache Pentium Frame Memory Core Chip Set HOST BUS 66MHz -> 100MHz Main Memory Video Graphic Controller LAN Modem PCI 33MHz -> AGP 66MHz ISA Bridge HOST BUS MPU

6 PentiumII PC Video Frame Memory Graphic Controller AGP 66+MHz LAN Modem PCI 33MHz MHz L2 Pentium II Cache Core Chip Set 100MHz -> 133MHz USB Main Memory 100MHz(SD) -> 800MHz(RD) L2 BUS MPU

7 PC MPU+L2 Video Core Chip Set Graphic Controller Rambus Memory Main + Frame PCI 33MHz USB IEEE1364 LAN Modem BUS

8 Direct RAMBUS 400MHz clock 18bit Byte x 800MHz = 1.6GB/s 100MHz SDRAM, 64bit 800MB/s Latency Controller RDRAM RDRAM Vtt RAC Data Cntl, Addr Vref 2 2 ClkFM ClkTM

9 PentiumII PC ISA PCI AGP Slot1 PentiumII DIMM PC LSI

10 PC LSI USB, IEEE1394 Rambus DRAM

11 PentiumII PC LSI MPU (1) INTEL / AMD Cache SRAM (2) NEC / Toshiba... (1-3) INTEL / VIA DRAM (4-8) Samsung / Micron.. BIOS (1) AMI / Phenix I/O (1)??? CNTL(1) Matrox / ATI / S3 (2) Micron / NEC.. LAN/MODEM (1) 3Com etc. SOUND (1) Creative etc. Maxim etc. Intel

12 PC LSI LSI PKG I/O Rambus, USB, IEEE1394 LSI Intel PC LSI PC

13 PC LSI OS Intel PC LSI UP KEY! LSI

14 [2] MPEG2 DVD PC JPEG VHS MPEG H.26x DV

15 MPEG2

16 MPEG Red,Green,Blue MPEG Video Y(luminance),Cb,Cr(colordifference) Y = 0.299R G B Cb= R G B Cr= 0.500R G B color Cb,Cr Y

17 Motion Estimation Motion Vector Motion Vector Error Motion Vector

18 Motion Estimation Input Block Block Compare Motion Vector Search Window - Prediction Error Previous Picture

19 Motion Estimation N-1 N-1 MAD(x,y) = Σ Σ S(m+x,n+y)-B(m,n) m=0 n=0 -p <= x, y <= p (2p+1)x(2p+1) Search Window in previous picture Input NxN Block H/W

20 Transform Cording Discrete Cosine Transform DCT

21 DCT DC

22 Scalar Quantization DCT

23 1D-DCT 7 y(u)= 0.5 C(u) Σ {x(n) cos[(2n+1)uπ/16]} n=0 cos ROM ROM Distributed Arithmetic

24 Run-Length Encoding 0,0,0,0,0,5,0,0,-4,0,0,0,0,0,0,3 (5,5),(2,-4),(6,3) Variable-Length Encoding

25 MPEG LSI DCT ROM MPU H/W KEY H/W

26 MPEG2 Host I/F Video input Video output 2way VLIW Inst RAM Data RAM Audio I/F ME core Coarse ME DCT/ IDCT Half-pel VLC Timing info. gen Fine ME Q/IQ FIFO Video ME,DCT,VLC,IQ,IDCT H/W Audio Dolby DIgital S/W SDRAM I/F SDRAM

27 MPEG TV HDTV Discrete Wavelet Transform

28 [3] Nintendo64 PlayStation PC TV

29 PC Frame Memory MHz L2 Pentium II Cache Video 3D Graphics Rendering Controller Core Chip Set PCI 33MHz, AGP 66+MHz PCI /AGP Main Memory

30 Nintendo Cassette ROM 64bit MIPS MPU Rendering Controller RDRAM 9bit, 500MHz Video RDRAM D RambusDRAM TV PC B/W

31 D Depth (R,G,B) A(

32 OpenGL Machine( Lighting Vertex( Normal( Color( TexCord n Model / View Matrix TexGen ( n n Lighting Matrix Coloring ( Primitive Assembly Clipping Projection Matrix Rasterization

33 Vx,Vy,Xz,Vw (Nx,Ny,Nz) SIMD (R,G,B,A) SIMD MPU MMX Pentium in PC, 64bit RISC in Nintendo64.

34 128bit MPU for PlayStation2?? ISSCC99, TP15.1, SCE & Toshiba 2way 64bit superscalar MPU 10 IEEE single precision FMAC 4 IEEE single FDIV MPEG support--vld, DCT/IDCT, IQ, CSC, VQ

35 OpenGL Machine Rasterization (X,Y,Z) (Rf,Gf,Bf,Af) (Xt,Yt) Texel Generation Texture Memory (Rt,Gt,Bt,At) Texture Application Frame Buffer Test Z-buffer Depth-Test (X,Y) (R,G,B,A) Blending Z-buffer Memory Pixel Memory

36 Rf,Gf,Bf,Af

37 (Rk,Gk,Bk) Uf Vf (Ri,Gi,Bi) (Rl,Gl,Bl) (Rj,Gj,Bj) RGB) (1 Rt = Rl Rt = (1-Vf){Uf Rj + (1-Uf)Ri} + Vf {Uf Rl + (1-Uf)Rk}

38 Depth Test TRUE FALSE Depth Test ) Z-buffer Zdest Zsource Zdest Zsource < Zdest Zdest Pixel Z-buffer Read Modify Write Z-buffer 32bit RGBA Z-buffer Pixel I/O BW

39 SOURCE DESTINATION SOURCE DESTINATION 1) (RGBA) 2) Rrst = As Rsrc + (1-As) Rdest Pixel Read Modify Write DRAM BW

40 PC 1000x1000x64bit= 8MB Pixel Z-buffer Frame Memory MHz L2 Pentium II Cache Video 3D Graphics Rendering Controller Core Chip Set PCI 33MHz, AGP 66+MHz PCI /AGP Main Memory 16-32MB

41 NeoMagic MagicMedia256AV PC DRAM BW=3.2GB/ DirectRDRAM

42 DRAM SUN GWS, D Z-test ALU DRAM Read Modify Write Write DRAM A DRAM B Video buf Video buf Video Data DRAM C DRAM D 256bit BUS Pixel Cache ALU

43 D LSI Floating SIMD BW PCI AGP

44 [4] PHS IMT-2000 CDMA

45 FDMA TDMA CDMA V V V / V V V V LSI IC G/A LSI LSI

46 LSI CDMA MPEG4 CODEC Rake Interleave, Convolution Code, Viterbi Decode USB(Universal Serial Bus) BlueTooth

47 CDMA( ) FDMA, TDMA Pseudo-Noise Random Sequence (Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum) Power Time User 3 User 2 User 1 frequency

48 Random Waveform x(t) Autocorrelation Rxx(τ) Rxx(τ)=E{x(t) x(t+τ)} x(t) x(t+τ)dt 0 Tc

49 Linear Feedback Shift Register f(x) = 1 + a1x 1 +a2x a11x 11 + a12x 12 + X 13 a12 a11 a1 Reg Reg Reg Reg PN output a1 a2 a12 Reg Reg Reg Reg PN output

50 PN PN generator PN generator PN

51 Digital Correlator N R(k) = Σr(m)c(m+k) m=0 r(m) c(m+k) + Reg Reg PN r(k+n) Reg r(k+n-1) Reg r(k+n-2) Reg r(k+1) Reg r(k) c(0) c(1) c(2) c(k-1) c(k)

52 FEC)

53 non-interleaved write Interleaver interleaved read read Deinterleaver de-interleaved write

54 Forward Error Correction (FEC) u Reg Reg u/x 0/000 S1 1/111 0/001 1/110 S S 0/011 1/100 0/010 S x u= x= /101

55 Trellis Diagram u/x 0/000 S S /111 0/001 1/110 S S 0/011 1/100 0/010 S S S S /101

56 The Viterbi Decode Algorithm S1 S (2) (3) (4) 3(6) 1(3) (4) 1(6) 3(7) S (3) (3) 2(5) 1(5) (7) 2(5) 1(5) S 2(4) (6) 1(4) (4) 2(6)

57 W-CDMA BB I Q A/D & Fil D/A (AFC) Chip (Finger) Perch Delay Profile Symbol BCCH (Viterbi) Rake CH Dec (Viterbi) Timing Control Searcher AFC AGC Speech CODEC (GSM-AMR) D/A Tone A/D I Q D/A (AGC) D/A & Fil CPU Peripheral MPU Flash ROM RAM Modulation (HPSK) UIM Formatter Spreader CH_Enc &I/F Data FEC (Turbo) PS_Cont. MEM I/F

58 LSI RF MPEG4 USB BlueTooth

59 LSI ISSCC

60 P + S/W + IP S/W S/W S/W H/W ASIC P H/W LSI S/W / / LSI SIMD

61 BW BW UP DCT, FFT, FIR S/W IP

62 LSI LSI MPU LSI I/O H/W KEY I/O BW

橡SysAbst.PDF

橡SysAbst.PDF 99/10/7 wada@ie ie.u-ryukyu.ac..ac.jp http://bw bw-www.ie.u-ryukyu.ac..ac.jp/~wada/ PC MPEG2 3 / [1] PC LSI PC LSI LSI PentiumPC Video L2 Cache Frame Memory Graphic Controller LAN Modem Core Chip Set Pentium

橡夏の学校９９.PDF

橡夏の学校９９.PDF