41-3_廣岡先生(腎動脈病変)_念*.indd

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1 ,,,,,,., renal artery stenosis: RAS, aneurysm of renal artery, dissection of renal artery. atherosclerotic: ARAS, fibromuscular dysplasia: FMD,, chronic kidney disease: CKD,. RAS,CKD , 20, ARAS 41,16 RAS.,, JSH , 3. ACE ARB ,, class Ⅰ Table 1. ARAS,FMD.,,, Table 2.FMD,., 60 75, 25 30, 9, 5. 90, 10, 1. 2 / 3, string of beads 1, 2,, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 389

2 Class Ⅰ 1. Duplex 2.CT 3.MR 4. Table 1 Class Ⅲ ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease Lower Extremity, Renal, Mesenteric, and Abdominal Aortic Circulation. 2006;113:e463 e654 Table 2 FMD 10 Fig. 1 FMD..a,b Fig. 1. renal infarction,,,, CKD.,, Fig. 2.,,,,, Fig , 390 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

3 Fig. 2 Fig MHz, MHz., 55, FR 20, FR 10 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) cm/s cm/s., 391

4 Fig. 4 a,b Fig. 5 Fig. 4.,tilting scan Fig. 5.,.,,,.,,, Fig. 6., Table 3..,, Fig. 7.,..,,,.,, Fig. 7.,.,,,.,,, Fig. 8. Ao, RA, Fig Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

Fig. 6, Table 3 1 2 3 4 83 15 1 0 86 12 1 0.

Koç, Nihal Koca: Renal artery origins and variations: angiographic evaluation

5 Fig. 6, Table , 6 n 855 Uğur Özkan, Levent Oğuzkurt, Fahri Tercan, Osman Kızılkılıç, Zafer Koç, Nihal Koca: Renal artery origins and variations: angiographic evaluation of 855 consecutive patients, Diagn Interv Radiol 2006; 12: Fig. 7 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 393

2009 Fig. 9,.,,,., 60, Fig. 9, 10.Ao RA,RA, FMD Fig. 1,,.,, 3 Fig. 4 b, 8..,., 10 cm, 10.

6 Fig. 8.AT: acceleration time,ri: resistance index,psv: peak systolic verocity., 9,.2009 Fig. 9,.,,,., 60, Fig. 9, 10.Ao RA,RA, FMD Fig. 1,,.,, 3 Fig. 4 b, 8..,., 10 cm, cm,. peak systolic velocity: PSV end-diastolic velocity: EDV,PSV EDV,, 3 Fig Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

7 Fig. 10 Fig. 11 PSV, EDV, Fig. 12. renal aortic ratio RAR Ao RA PSV RAR RA/Ao Fig. 7, 13.,, 60,. PSV, accelaration time: AT,, RI,,.,. Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014),early systolic peak ESP,AT Fig. 14. pulsatility index PI resistance index RI PI, Fig. 15,.RI, Fig

8 Fig. 12 Fig. 13 a RAR,b RAR Fig. 14 early systolic peak ESP 396 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

9 Fig. 15 PI RI Table 4 Peak systolic velocity 180 cm/s RAR PSV / PSV 3.5 ESP AT 0.07 sec RI 0.15 Guidelines for the Reporting of Renal Artery Revascularization in Clinical Trials Circulation. 2002;106: ,AT,PSV EDV, Table 4.RAS, Table 5. AT AT, 70 msec,100 msec 120 msec, Fig. 16., AT Fig. 17. PSV PSV, 100 cm/sec,, PSV 180 cm/s EDV 90 cm/s.,50 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 180 cm/s,60 3 m/s.,,.,psv 220 cm/s.,psv 25 cm/s, Vmax 30 cm/s. RAR renal aortic ratio Fig. 13 RAR,3. 5. RI resistance index RI,,,,.,RI 0. 8,, RI Fig. 18,, 397

10 Table 5 RAS 1.,, Class Ⅰ, LOE B RAS 2.,, Class Ⅱa, LOE B RAS 3., RAS RAS Class Ⅱa, LOE B 4. RAS Class Ⅱa, LOE B 5., Class Ⅱb, LOE C RAS RAS 6., Class Ⅱb, LOE C RAS 7., RAS Class Ⅱb, LOE C RAS renal artery stenosis. 7cm Circulation 113, e463 e Fig. 16 AT.,RI.,,RI PI pulsatility index PI,. Fig. 19,.,.,.., 0. 1.,., 1. 5 cm, cm,,,,,., Fig. 20,.,,,..B, Fig. 21., 398 Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

11 Fig. 17 Fig. 18 RI PI,RI.,aneurysmal type cirsoid type.aneurysmal B,. Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014),. B, 399

12 Fig. 19 a,b Fig. 20 Fig. 21 Fig. 22.,,., Fig Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

13 Fig. 22 Fig. 23 MRI Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014) 401

14 葉間動脈血流波形葉間動脈血流波形 Fig. 24 Fig. 25, Fig. 24, /.,,,,. Fig. 22 A-V fistula,shunt Fig. 21, B.A-V shunt,.,a-v,,pi,ri., Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

Fig. 26,,. PSV 2 m/sec PSV PSV 3. 5. acute tubular necrosis: ATN,, Fig. 25. ATN.,..,,,,PI,RI Fig. 26.,2013,.,, Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014),.. 1 Textor SC.

15 Fig. 26,,. PSV 2 m/sec PSV PSV acute tubular necrosis: ATN,, Fig. 25. ATN.,..,,,,PI,RI Fig. 26.,2013,.,, Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014),.. 1 Textor SC. Progressive hypertension in a patient with incidental renal artery stenosis. Hypertension. 2002; 40 5 : Rihal CS, Textor SC, Breen JF, et al. Incidental renal artery stenosis among a prospective cohort of hypertensive patients undergoing coronary angiography. Mayo Clin Proc. 2002;77 4 : Hansen KJ, Edwards MS, Craven TE, et al. Prevalence of renovascular disease in the elderly: a population-based study. J Vasc Surg. 2002;36 3 : Rundback JH, Murphy TP, Cooper C, et al. Chronic renal ischemia: pathophysiologic mechanisms of cardiovascular and renal disease. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2002; : Review. 5 Vachharajani TJ, Dacie JE, Yaqoob MM, et al. Detection of occult renovascular disease in unexplained chronic kidney disease. Int Urol Nephrol. 2005;37 4 : Hirsch AT, Haskal ZJ, Hertzer NR, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Practice Guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic. Circulation. 2006; : e Anderson JL, Halperin JL, Albert NM, et al. Management of patients with peripheral artery disease compilation of 2005 and 2011 ACCF/AHA guideline recommendations : a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013; : Ogihara T, Kikuchi K, Matsuoka H, et al. The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension JSH Hypertens Res. 2009;32 403

16 1 : Krumme B. Renal Doppler sonography update in clinical nephrology. Nephron Clin Pract 2006;103:c Tublin ME, Bude RO, Platt JF. Review. The resistive index in renal Doppler sonography: where do we stand? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2003;180: Doi Y, Iwashima Y, Yoshihara F, et al. Association of Renal Resistive Index with Target Organ Damage in Essential Hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2012;25 12 : Doi Y, Iwashima Y, Yoshihara F, et al. Renal resistive index and cardiovascular and renal outcomes in essential hypertension. Hypertension. 2012;60 3 : Gao J, Ng A, Shih G, et al. Intrarenal Color Duplex Ultrasonography A window to Vascular Complications of Renal Transplants. J Ultrasound Med 2007; 26: Yamashita T, Ito F, Iwakiri N, et al. Prevalence and predictors of renal artery stenosis in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Hypertens Res 2002;25: Harding MB, Smith LR, Himmelstein SI, et al. Renal artery stenosis: prevalence and associated risk factors in patients undergoing routine cardiac catheterization. J Am Soc Nephrol 1992;2: Hansen KJ, Edwards MS, Craven TE, et al. Prevalence of renovascular disease in the elderly: A population-based study. J Vasc Surg 2002;36: Webster J, Marshall F, Abdalla M, et al. Randomised comparison of percutaneous angioplasty vs continued medical therapy for hypertensive patients with atheromatous renal artery stenosis. J Hum Hypertens 1998; 12: Plouin PF, Chatellier G, Darne B, et al. Blood pressure outcome of angioplasty in atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis - A randomized trial. Hypertension 1998;31: van Jaarsveld BC, Krijnen P, Pieterman H, et al. The effect of balloon angioplasty on hypertension in atherosclerotic renal-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med 2000;342: Balk E, Raman G, Chung M, et al. Comparative effectiveness of management strategies for renal artery stenosis: A systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2006;145: Leertouwer TC, Gussenhoven EJ, Bosch JL, et al. Stent placement for renal arterial stenosis: Where do we stand? A meta-analysis. Radiology 2000;216: Murphy TP, Cooper CJ, Dworkin LD, et al. The Cardiovascular Outcomes with Renal Atherosclerotic Lesions CORAL Study: Rationale and methods. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2005;16: Watson PS, Hadjipetrou P, Cox SV, et al. Effect of renal artery stenting on renal function and size in patients with atherosclerotic renovascular disease. Circulation 2000;102: Rocha-Singh KJ, Ahuja RK, Sung CH, et al. Long-term renal function preservation after renal artery stenting in patients with progressive ischemic nephropathy. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2002;57: Muray S, Martin M, Amoedo ML, et al. Rapid decline in renal function reflects reversibility and predicts the outcome after angioplasty in renal artery stenosis. Am J Kidney Dis 2002;39: Beutler JJ, Van Ampting JMA, Van de Ven PJG, et al. Long-term effects of arterial stenting on kidney function for patients with ostial atherosclerotic renal arterystenosis and renal insufficiency. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001;12: Campo A, Boero R, Stratta P, et al. Selective stenting and the course of atherosclerotic renovascular nephropathy. Journal of Nephrology 2002;15: Radermacher J, Chavan A, Bleck J, et al. Use of Doppler ultrasonography to predict the outcome of therapy for renalartery stenosis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: Zeller T, Frank U, Muller C, et al. Stent-supported angioplasty of severe atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis preserves renal function and improves blood pressure control: Long-term results from a prospective registry of 456 lesions. Journal of Endovascular Therapy 2004; 11: Dorros G, Jaff M, Mathiak L, et al. Multicenter Palmaz stent renal artery stenosis revascularization registry report: Four-year follow-up of 1,058 successful patients. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2002;55: Cardaioli P, Rigatelli G, Giordan M, et al. Effective prevention of massive periprocedural embolism during renal artery stenting. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2006;7 4 : Holden A, Hill A, Jaff MR, et al. Renal artery stent revascularization with embolic protection in patients with ischemicnephropathy. Kidney Int. 2006;70 5 : Freedman BI, Hsu FC, Langefeld CD, et al. Renal artery calcified plaque associations with subclinical renal and cardiovascular disease. Kidney Int. 2004;65 6 : Krumme B, Hollenbeck M. Doppler sonography in renal artery stenosis doesthe Resistive Index predict the success of intervention? Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007; 22 3 : Williams GJ, Macaskill P, Chan SF, et al. Comparative accuracy of renal duplex sonographic parameters in the diagnosis of renal artery stenosis: pairedand unpaired analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188 3 : Prevalence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis in patients starting dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18: Guidelines for Noninvasive Vascular Laboratory Testing: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Vascular Medicine and Biology. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 41 No. 3(2014)

IVR23-3.indb

IVR23-3.indb 2007 IVR PTRA Percutaneous Transluminal Renal Angioplasty hypertension RVHT renovascular hypertension PTRA macula densa mechanism baroreceptor mechanism Aniotensinogen Angiotensin Angiotensin Angiotensin