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ACLEDA Association of Cambodian Local ADB Asia Development Bank AusAID Australian Agency for International Development Board CARD Council for Agricultural and Rural Development CARERE Cambodia Area Rehabilitation and Regeneration Project CBN Cost-of-Basic-Needs method CCC Cooperation Committee for Cambodia CDC Council for the Development Cambodia CG Consultative Group Meeting for Cambodia CMAC Cambodia Mine Action Center CRDB Cambodian Rehabilitation and Development CSES Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey DCR Development Cooperation Report ESAF Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility ESP Education Strategic Plan ESSP Education Sector Support Program EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FGT Index Foster, Greer & Thorbecke Index FGT GOC Royal Government of Cambodia GTZ Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit I-PRSP Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper PRSP ICORC International Committee on the IDA International Development Association IFAD International Fund for Agriculture Development IMF International Monetary Fund IRAP Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning IRRI International Rice Research Institute JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency LBAT Labor Based Appropriate Technology MoEYS Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport. NGO Non Governmental Organization NPRD National Programme to Rehabilitate and NVDP Northeast Village Development Project ODA Official Development Assistance CAS Country Assistance Strategy OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and PDRD Provincial Department of Rural Development PIP Public Investment Program PPA Participatory Poverty Assessment PPTA Project Preparatory Technical Assistance i

PRA Participatory Rural Appraisal PRGF Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper RDS Rural Development Structures RIIP Rural Infrastructure Improvement Project SEDP The First Five-Year Socio-Economic 1 SEDP The Second Five-Year Socio-Economic 2 SIDA Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency SWAP Sector Wide Approach TBA Traditional Birth Attendant UNCDF United Nations Capital Development Fund UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Human UNTAC United Nations Transitional Authority USAID United States Agency for International Development UXO Unexploded Ordnance VDC Village Development Committees WB World Bank WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization ii

1...1 1.1....1 1.1.1...2 1.1.2...4 1.1.3...7 1.2.... 10 1.2.1... 10 1.2.2... 12 1.2.3... 14 1.2.4... 16 1.3.... 20 1.3.1... 20 1.3.2... 21 1.3.3... 26 2... 31 2.1.... 31 2.1.1... 31 2.1.2... 36 2.2.... 43 2.2.1... 43 2.2.2... 46 2.2.3... 51 2.2.4... 56 2.3.... 60 2.3.1... 60 2.3.2 ACLEDA... 62 2.3.3 SEILA... 63 3... 65 3.1.... 65 3.1.1... 65 3.1.2... 69 3.2.... 72 3.2.1... 72 3.2.2... 76 3.2.3 NGO... 79... 81 iii

1-1... 6 1-2... 7 1-3... 8 1-4... 8 1-5 1... 20 1-6 1999... 27 1-7... 28 1-8... 29 1-9... 30 2-1... 32 2-2... 33 2-3 GDP... 35 2-4 1993 =100... 37 2-5... 37 2-6 ( )... 38 2-7... 42 2-8... 48 2-9... 50 3-1 CRDB... 71 3-2 NGO... 79 3-3 NGO... 80 1-1 1993/1994... 3 1-2... 3 1-3... 5 1-4... 9 1-5...11 1-6... 13 1-7 GDP... 14 1-8 1999... 14 1-9... 15 1-10... 17 1-11... 21 1-12 1... 24 1-13 2... 25 2-1... 33 2-2 1989 100... 36 2-3 1993-1999... 39 2-4... 41 2-5 1999... 41 2-6 (1999 )... 41 2-7... 45 2-8... 46 2-9 SEDPI... 47 iv

2-10 GDP... 48 2-11... 49 2-12... 53 2-13 SEDPI... 54 2-14 SEDPI... 56 2-15... 57 2-16 PRSP... 58 2-17... 60 2-18... 61 2-19... 62 2-20 ACLEDA 1... 63 2-21 SEILA... 64 3-1 ODA... 67 3-2 ODA... 67 3-3 ODA... 68 3-4 1992-2000... 68 3-5 WB... 74 3-6 ADB 1999-2001... 75 3-7 USAID... 77 v

vi

1 1 1.1. i ii iii 3 1 Vulnerability 2 i ii 3 20% 4 1993 1994 1997 1999 CSES: Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey CSES CSES93/94CSES97 CSES99 5 1 1 2 World Bank. (2001). World Development Report 2000/2001. Washington D.C.: Oxford University Press, pp.19-21 3 UNDP. (1997). 1997. :, p.17 4. (2001). :. :, p.4 5 CSES93/94 15 5,578 CSES97 21 6,010 CSES99 24 6,000 1

1996 CSES96 1998 6 CSES CSES93/94CSES97 CSES99 CSES99 Round 1: 1999 13 Round 2: 1999 68 2 Round 1 Round 2 7 CSES 1.1.1 8 9 10 11 1 1 2,100 kcal WHO: World Health Organization FAO: Food and Agriculture Organization 1 1 2,0002,400 kcal 2,100 kcal CSES93/94 1-1 CSES97 CSES99 1-2 6 Lundy, S. (2001). Cambodia Country Report for RETA Poverty Database Inception Workshop. Manila: National Institute of Statistics. p.3 7 WB Round 2 Round 1 Round 2 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World Bank. p. 22 8 World Bank. (2001). Well-being Measurement and Analysis. PRSP Handbook (draft for comments). Washington D.C.: World Bank, pp.2-3 9 UNDP. (1997). 1997. Tokyo: UNDP, pp.16 10 WHO FAO 10 65kg 2039 3,000 kcal 2,0002,400 kcal 10 1,915 kcal10 2,080 kcal 2,235 kcal 2,780 3,490 kcal 11 CBN: Cost-of-Basic-Needs method 2

1 CSES93/94 CSES97 CSES99 10% 10 12 10 CSES99 1 2,470 2,093 1,777 13 1-1 1993/1994 * 2 1 1 1 1 kcal 122.3 51.3 37.1 31.2 1,440.2 289.0 247.3 246.8 1.5 7.6 2.7 5.7 7.8 20.6 20.8 20.7 55.6 104.5 78.2 62.5 202.8 433.7 368.3 311.7 50.3 13.1 12.8 12.5 55.7 54.4 35.4 26.2 121.5 92.3 84.2 81.0 42.2 118.3 108.5 83.1 2,100 1,185 995 881.4 [ ] *1 Lundy, S. (2001). RETA Poverty Database Inception Workshop:Country Paper. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 7 [] *2 155 CSES 1993 CSES93/94 1994 1-2 1 (a) 1185 995 881 * 1 (b) 393 269 236 (a) + (b) 1578 1264 1117 1997 CSES97 1 * 2 371,533 223,220 185,835 1 (a) 1378 1102 940 * 1, * 3 (b) 441 305 270 (a) + (b) 1819 1407 1210 1999 CSES99 1 n.a. n.a. n.a. 1 (a) 1737 1583 1379 * 1, * 3 (b) 733 510 398 (a) + (b) 2470 2093 1777 1 n.a. n.a. n.a. [ ] *1 Ministry of Planning. (1997). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1997. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 9 *2 Royal Government of Cambodia. (1997). First Five Year Socio-economic Development Plan. Phnom Penh: GOC, p. 16 [] *3 CSES 93/94 1997 1999 *4 12 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World Bank, p. 10 13 CSES99 Round 2 1999 9 1 = 3,900 3

1.1.2 (1) 1-2 1-3 19931994 1997 1999 2 1997 1999 CSES97 CSES99 14 19931994 CSES93/94 19931994 39.0% 1997 36.1% 1997 36.1% 1999 35.9% 15 19931994 9.2% 1997 8.7% 1997 8.7% 1999 6.5% 2 19931994 3.1% 1997 3.1% 1997 3.1% 1999 2.0% 1993 1999 5 16 (2) WB: World Bank i ii iii 3 3 1-3 2 19931994 1997 1999 3 2 19931994 3.2 1997 2.7 1999 2.6 19931994 3.8 1997 3.6 1999 4.1 1999 90.5% 2.3%7.2% 14 Pailin 1999 100% 15 CSES93/94 CSES97 Ministry of Planning. (1999). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1997. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 31 CSES99 Round 1 Round 2 CSES 16 2 4

1 1-3 Planning. (1999). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning % % 2 % 1993-94 CSES 93/94 1997 CSES 97 1999 CSES 99 1993-94 CSES 93/94 1997 CSES 97 1999 CSES 99 1993-94 CSES 93/94 1997 CSES 97 1999 CSES 99 * 1 Banteay Meanchey n.a. 61.9 65.9 n.a. 17.6 6.5 n.a. 6.6 0.9 Battambang n.a. 32.2 49.6 n.a. 8.0 9.9 n.a. 2.9 3.3 Kampong Cham n.a. 45.2 23.3 n.a. 11.7 7.4 n.a. 4.2 3.1 Kampong Chhnang n.a. 43.6 40.9 n.a. 12.2 7.0 n.a. 4.5 1.5 Kampong Speu n.a. 27.3 6.1 n.a. 6.8 1.4 n.a. 2.3 0.6 Kampong Thom n.a. 49.1 49.8 n.a. 14.9 4.3 n.a. 6.7 0.5 Kampot n.a. 44.1 51.4 n.a. 11.0 5.6 n.a. 3.8 0.9 Kandal n.a. 34.4 28.0 n.a. 8.7 4.3 n.a. 3.1 1.1 Koh Kong n.a. 4.8 18.3 n.a. 0.5 1.0 n.a. 0.1 0.1 Kratie n.a. 37.1 7.3 n.a. 9.4 1.0 n.a. 3.2 0.1 Mondulkiri n.a. n.a. 40.0 n.a. n.a. 13.2 n.a. n.a. 5.2 Preah Vihea n.a. 0.0 99.2 n.a. 0.0 55.9 n.a. 0.0 33.6 Prey Veng n.a. 67.2 48.1 n.a. 23.0 8.8 n.a. 10.0 2.2 Pursat n.a. 51.4 45.2 n.a. 15.7 12.6 n.a. 6.8 4.9 Rattanakiri n.a. n.a. 16.6 n.a. n.a. 2.4 n.a. n.a. 0.5 Siem Reap n.a. 67.4 23.3 n.a. 20.8 1.8 n.a. 8.1 0.2 Sihanouk Ville n.a. 36.2 23.8 n.a. 7.1 6.6 n.a. 1.9 2.4 Steung Treng n.a. 19.2 12.1 n.a. 2.4 0.4 n.a. 0.4 0.0 Svay Rieng n.a. 41.0 54.5 n.a. 9.3 7.0 n.a. 2.8 1.1 Takeo n.a. 42.3 38.6 n.a. 10.0 4.8 n.a. 3.4 0.8 Oudor Meanchey n.a. n.a. 0.0 n.a. n.a. 0.0 n.a. n.a. 0.0 Kep Ville n.a. 29.2 20.2 n.a. 6.9 3.6 n.a. 2.2 0.8 Pailin n.a. n.a. 100.0 n.a. n.a. 21.7 n.a. n.a. 5.1 Phnom Penh * 2 11.4 11.1 9.7 3.1 2.2 2.0 1.2 0.6 0.6 * 2 36.6 29.9 25.2 9.6 7.5 6.8 3.6 2.7 2.6 * 2 43.1 40.1 40.1 10.0 9.7 6.9 3.3 3.4 2.1 * 2 39.0 36.1 35.9 9.2 8.7 6.5 3.1 3.1 2.0 [ ] *1 Ministry of Planning. (1997). CSES97 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning Ministry of *2 Ministry of Planning. (1997). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1997. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 18 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World, Bank, p. 33 19931994 3.1 1997 3.4 1999 3.4 19931994 3.2 1997 4.4 1999 3.5 2 (3) 19971999 2 7 13 17 1999 Oudor Meanchery 0% Pailin 100% 17 4 CSES97 1997 1999 5

CSES WFP: World Food Programme CSES99 1-1 Seim Reap Preah Vihear Kampong Thom Mondolkiri Kratie Kampong Cham 1-4 [ ] WFP. (2001). Poverty Map (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: WFP 1-1 6

1 1.1.3 10 1-4 1-2 1997 1999 10% 10% 1-2 1-3 1-4 1999 1997 45 1-3 1-4 18 [ ]Ministry of Planning. (1997). CSES97 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning Ministry of Planning. (1999). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning 1-2 18 7

Ministry of Planning. (1997). CSES97 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning Ministry of Planning. (1999). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning 1-3 [ ]Ministry of Planning. (1997). CSES97 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning Ministry of Planning. (1999). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning 1-4 8

1 1-4 10 10% 10% % % 0 0 10 10 1 1 0 100 1993-94 CSES 93/94 1997 CSES 97 1999 CSES 99 1993-94 CSES 93/94 1997 CSES 97 1999 CSES 99 1993-94 CSES 93/94 1997 CSES 97 1999 CSES 99 1993-94 CSES 93/94 1997 CSES 97 1999 CSES 99 * 1 Banteay Meanchey n.a. 0.362 0.155 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.9 n.a. n.a. 30.4 n.a. Battambang n.a. 0.349 0.272 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.9 4.0 n.a. 31.2 24.9 Kampong Cham n.a. 0.317 0.238 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.9 3.6 n.a. 32.2 26.1 Kampong Chhnang n.a. 0.310 0.252 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.0 4.3 n.a. 29.2 29.1 Kampong Speu n.a. 0.304 0.193 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.9 3.6 n.a. 29.3 25.0 Kampong Thom n.a. 0.406 0.206 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.5 4.6 n.a. 33.0 29.3 Kampot n.a. 0.362 0.182 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.9 4.6 n.a. 32.3 27.2 Kandal n.a. 0.347 0.197 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.7 4.5 n.a. 33.5 22.2 Koh Kong n.a. 0.532 0.259 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kratie n.a. 0.325 0.164 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.1 n.a. n.a. 28.1 n.a. Mondulkiri n.a. n.a. 0.265 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Preah Vihea n.a. n.a. 0.190 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Prey Veng n.a. 0.341 0.185 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.8 3.9 n.a. 28.4 35.2 Pursat n.a. 0.272 0.192 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.4 n.a. n.a. 33.5 n.a. Rattanakiri n.a. 0.220 0.226 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.9 n.a. n.a. 24.7 Siem Reap n.a. 0.272 0.440 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.7 n.a. n.a. 44.2 Sihanouk Ville n.a. 0.273 0.300 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 4.1 n.a. n.a. 27.3 Steung Treng n.a. 0.225 0.211 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Svay Rieng n.a. 0.326 0.236 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.1 5.0 n.a. 30.0 22.2 Takeo n.a. 0.299 0.148 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.0 n.a. n.a. 28.4 n.a. Oudor Meanchey n.a. n.a. 0.097 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kep Ville n.a. 0.347 0.109 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 3.4 n.a. n.a. 29.4 n.a. Pailin n.a. n.a. 0.440 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Phnom Penh * 2 0.39 0.46 0.340 0.31 0.78 0.189 2.5 2.6 3.2 31.2 40.3 27.8 * 2 0.44 0.44 0.301 0.46 0.49 0.166 2.7 2.7 3.5 36.7 37.6 26.2 * 2 0.27 0.33 0.172 0.13 0.21 0.054 4.4 3.7 5.5 22.9 27.1 17.5 * 2 0.38 0.42 0.287 0.33 0.48 0.146 3.4 3.0 4.5 32.8 35.3 27.4 [ ] *1 Ministry of Planning. (1997). CSES97 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning Ministry of Planning. (1997). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning *2 Ministry of Planning. (1997). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1997. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 16 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World, Bank, p. 18 9

1.2. 1.2.1 1-5 (1) 19 1997 60.9% 1999 48.3% 8% 2% 4.5 2.1 20 (2) 21 19931994 77.8% 1997 81.3%1999 86.8% 19931994 11.7%1997 12.3%1999 13.3% 19931994 46.7% 1999 38.9% 1999 60% 1999 22.1% 19 20 National Institute of Statistics. (2001). Demographic and Health Survey 2000. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, pp. 19-21 21 10

1 1-5 %* 6 1999 CSES99 %* 7 1999 CSES99 %* 8 %* 9 1999 CSES99 * 1 Banteay Meanchey 1.5 38.8 3.8 0.8 Battambang 6.4 42.8 12.8 0.6 Kampong Cham 7.1 29.8 14.4 1.7 Kampong Chhnang 4.1 11.2 8.8 2.4 Kampong Speu 2.6 3.3 2.2 0.4 Kampong Thom 3.6 22.4 4.0 0.4 Kampot 6.3 17.5 7.8 1.0 Kandal 6.2 32.8 13.1 0.5 Koh Kong 4.0 31.0 1.0 2.0 Kratie 6.7 24.3 6.7 n.a. Mondulkiri n.a. 20.0 n.a. n.a. Preah Vihea n.a. 1.3 n.a. n.a. Prey Veng 3.0 7.5 4.0 0.3 Pursat 2.0 22.0 9.3 n.a. Rattanakiri 1.7 13.3 15.0 1.7 Siem Reap 0.7 21.0 10.0 0.3 Sihanouk Ville 8.3 38.3 37.5 5.0 Steung Treng 6.7 41.7 1.7 3.3 Svay Rieng 0.6 28.2 11.2 n.a. Takeo 0.7 9.6 1.1 0.4 Oudor Meanchey n.a. 4.0 n.a. n.a. Kep Ville n.a. 3.3 n.a. n.a. Pailin n.a. 70.0 n.a. n.a. Phnom Penh * 2 48.3 86.8 59.7 19.0 * 1 * 2 8.8 38.9 22.3 2.0 * 1 * 2 1.8 13.3 2.2 0.3 * 1 * 2 6.4 22.1 9.0 4.5 * 1 * 3 * 4 6.5 10.2 11.3 0.8 * 5 3.7 12.6 4.9 3.6 15.4 23.7 22.4 11.4 5 * 1 Q1020% 0.7 13.9 1.9 0.3 Q22040% 1.8 18.8 2.9 0.2 Q34060% 2.3 19.5 6.0 0.1 Q46080% 8.1 38.5 19.4 1.2 Q580100% 38.4 77.1 54.2 10.4 1999 CSES99 [ ] *1 Ministry of Planning. (1999). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning *2 Ministry of Planning. (2000). Report on CSES 1999. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 46 *3 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World, Bank, pp. 66-67 [] *4 *5 *6 *7 *8 *9 LPG LNG 11

(3) 1999 12.0% 59.6% 83.6% 75.2% 59.7% 9.0% (4) 22 1999 4.5% 0.3% 1.2.2 1-6 77.1% 86.9% 23 GDP 1999 39.6% 1-7 4 86.9% 1-8 90.5% 40.5% 1-6 22 LPG LNG 23 1-8 1999 GDP 39.6% 27.7% 8.1% 3.7% 12

1 1-6 % % * 4 % %* 6 * 5 n.a. 49.2 5.2 2.4 20.7 6.0 6.9 2.6 1.2 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 * 1 Banteay Meanchey n.a. 78.2 13.04 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Battambang n.a. 73.5 19.71 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kampong Cham 0.13 79.9 10.47 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kampong Chhnang n.a. 84.9 13.19 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kampong Speu n.a. 86.1 13.51 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kampong Thom n.a. 82.5 14.34 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kampot 0.08 81.5 3.49 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kandal n.a. 79.8 16.21 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Koh Kong n.a. 74.6 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kratie n.a. 75.8 11.86 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Mondulkiri 1.41 94.4 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Preah Vihea n.a. 90.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Prey Veng n.a. 88.0 5.52 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Pursat n.a. 82.2 14.82 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Rattanakiri n.a. 84.7 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Siem Reap n.a. 82.9 25.62 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Sihanouk Ville n.a. 65.4 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Steung Treng n.a. 85.6 5.62 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Svay Rieng n.a. 83.4 6.10 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Takeo n.a. 82.8 4.84 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Oudor Meanchey n.a. 79.9 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Kep Ville n.a. 64.0 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Pailin n.a. 89.9 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Phnom Penh * 2 0.07 50.0 n.a. 7.9 9.4 6.0 35.1 7.6 18.4 4.8 8.4 0.02 60.7 * 2 * 2 0.03 58.7 n.a. 86.9 2.4 4.2 3.6 0.7 1.2 1.1 1.1 * 2 0.04 66.1 13.14 77.1 3.2 1.5 7.7 1.8 3.1 1.6 1.7 %* 3 * 7 53.1 n.a. n.a. 40.5 31.9 29.1 15.0 26.7 24.2 23.3 18.0 6.8 n.a. n.a. 7.0 6.5 5.9 3.1 6.9 5.0 4.0 3.8 2 0.9 n.a. n.a. 2.1 2.1 1.7 0.9 2.4 1.6 1.0 1.6 5 * 1 Q1020% 0.07 86.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Q22040% < 0.01 84.7 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Q34060% 0.03 85.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Q46080% 0.06 78.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Q580100% < 0.01 68.8 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. [ ] *1 Ministry of Planning. (1999). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning *2 Ministry of Planning. (2000). Report on CSES 1999. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 27 *3 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World, Bank, p. 51 *6. (1999). -.. 41 [] *4 /1560 *5 / 1560 *7 13

1-7 GDP GDP % % 1993 42.0 12.4 4.2 15.7 6.0 2.3 18.6-0.1 2.3 n.a. -6.0-4.6 5.6 n.a. 1994 42.2 13.0 4.4 14.0 6.2 3.6 15.9 22.9 1.7 n.a. 12.7 9.6 3.1 n.a. 1995 45.8 13.1 5.2 12.9 5.6 3.1 15.3 22.9 1.7 n.a. 12.7 9.6 3.1 n.a. 1996 41.7 14.6 5.4 13.0 6.1 3.6 16.1 5.1 0.0 n.a. 9.1 22.3-0.5 n.a. 1997 42.2 16.0 4.9 12.6 5.8 3.3 15.7 11.7 15.3 n.a. 14.1 12.8 2.4 n.a. 1998 41.9 17.4 4.3 11.8 5.6 3.0 16.2 1.3 5.9 n.a. 5.6 6.6 18.0 n.a. 1999 39.6 18.8 5.6 11.6 6.2 3.3 16.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. [ ] National Institute of Statistics. (2000). Cambodia Year Book 2000. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, pp. 188-189 1-8 1999 399,243 72,249 63,219 137,765 215,199 131,588 101,986 130,181 397,298 163,629 135,447 265,028 306,646 214,089 60,319 186,502 263,454 185,716 72,214 174,010 94,547 156,256 81,192 97,691 1 281,645 189,533 147,782 194,373 395,515 272,699 198,642 301,683 200,316 155,248 106,530 120,228 161,011 109,220 73,576 110,047 298,648 154,964 112,069 165,236 1 371,533 223,220 185,835 n.a. [ ] Ministry of Planning. (1999). Report on CSES 1999. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 34 1999 0.6% 1560 86.9% 1989 1999 13.1% 1.2.3 1996 9 5 4 9 6 3 1 12 1-9 14

1 1-9 % % %% ( ) % * 6 % * 6 * 7 ( ) ( ) 5 4 3 3 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999 *5 * 1 Banteay Meanchey 64.8 13.3 9.4 1.8 24.8 22.3 40.4 29.6 7.3 0.4 n.a. Battambang 66.7 17.0 10.9 2.4 37.2 24.4 43.6 24.2 7.2 0.3 0.3 Kampong Cham 62.5 20.7 7.0 2.7 32.5 34.8 36.0 23.8 5.0 0.4 n.a. Kampong Chhnang 57.0 13.1 12.7 2.4 40.6 34.7 29.4 28.2 3.5 2.4 1.8 Kampong Speu 50.0 12.9 9.1 2.3 31.5 36.3 20.4 35.2 8.1 n.a. n.a. Kampong Thom 55.9 18.4 8.9 2.4 38.7 32.8 47.2 15.2 2.8 1.2 0.8 Kampot 58.6 10.7 4.1 1.7 38.9 23.0 45.3 25.3 6.0 0.3 0.3 Kandal 71.2 12.9 11.4 3.0 42.7 28.5 30.8 30.3 9.5 0.3 0.8 Koh Kong 43.2 17.2 4.9 0.5 36.8 30.0 39.0 27.0 4.0 n.a n.a. Kratie 53.6 17.8 7.3 2.6 39.7 34.8 29.5 30.0 3.8 1.9 n.a. Mondulkiri 42.9 30.8 n.a. 0.4 5.3 26.7 53.3 16.7 n.a. 3.3 n.a. Preah Vihea 12.8 32.9 n.a. 1.7 14.5 37.5 52.5 10.0 n.a. n.a. n.a. Prey Veng 56.6 18.9 12.1 1.7 48.2 32.0 33.5 26.8 7.5 0.3 n.a. Pursat 54.0 20.0 1.2 1.4 26.2 14.0 52.7 27.3 6.0 n.a. n.a. Rattanakiri 52.4 17.7 n.a. 0.6 7.4 51.7 31.7 10.0 6.7 n.a. n.a. Siem Reap 56.1 20.3 9.2 2.9 17.8 40.7 32.1 20.3 5.9 0.7 0.3 Sihanouk Ville 65.9 20.5 14.1 2.9 30.3 30.8 30.8 27.9 7.9 1.3 1.3 Steung Treng 43.1 26.8 n.a. 4.1 47.8 25.0 30.0 28.3 13.3 3.3 n.a. Svay Rieng 60.7 16.1 7.2 2.3 37.6 27.6 41.8 21.2 8.2 1.2 n.a. Takeo 50.4 14.1 5.1 1.7 40.0 33.2 30.4 32.9 3.6 n.a. n.a. Oudor Meanchey 25.0 25.1 4.0 1.4 33.3 64.0 22.0 10.0 4.0 n.a. n.a. Kep Ville 48.2 13.4 n.a. 2.8 6.3 46.7 26.7 16.7 10.0 n.a. n.a. Pailin 33.3 17.2 n.a. 1.0 7.7 70.0 17.5 12.5 n.a. n.a. n.a. Phnom Penh 83.7 14.2 28.8 4.0 57.9 15.6 22.9 35.9 19.8 1.8 3.9 63.2 14.4 11.8 3.3 n.a. 30.5 30.5 28.4 8.8 1.1 0.6 53.7 16.8 5.9 2.2 n.a. 32.0 39.0 24.0 4.7 0.3 0.1 61.8 16.6 12.3 2.6 37.1 28.3 33.3 27.6 8.9 0.8 1.0 %* 3 * 8 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 35.2 37.6 38.8 32.3 23.9 10.3 7.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 6.3 7.0 6.8 6.0 4.5 0.8 2.2 2 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 2.0 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.3 0.1 0.8 * 3 * 4 48.4 n.a. 8.8 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. * 5 51.0 n.a. 6.0 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 58.6 n.a. 16.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 5 * 1 Q1020% 45.8 n.a. 4.9 n.a. 62.5 35.6 42.0 19.3 2.9 0.2 0.0 Q22040% 57.3 n.a. 5.6 n.a. 69.6 31.3 38.2 24.7 5.3 0.3 0.2 Q34060% 58.2 n.a. 6.8 n.a. 69.5 32.4 36.5 25.3 5.1 0.3 0.3 Q46080% 68.0 n.a. 12.3 n.a. 73.7 31.5 30.4 29.1 8.2 0.6 0.3 Q580100% 81.3 n.a. 26.3 n.a. 85.1 16.7 24.2 37.5 18.1 1.4 2.0 [ ] *1 Ministry of Planning. (1999). CSES99 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning *2 Ministry of Planning. (2000). Report on CSES 1999. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 27 *3 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World, Bank, pp.49, 51, 60-61 *6 Ministry of Education. (2001). Education Statistics and Indicators. Phnom Penh: Nation Religion King, p. 38 *7 Ministry of Education. (2000). Report on the Assessment of the functional Literacy Levels of the Adult Population in Cambodia. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Education, p. 44 [] *4 *8 15

1975 1979 75%80% 2000 1 19.8 53.3 24 1 40 25 26 37.6% 38.8% 32.3% 3 23.9% 10.3% 46 7.3% 27 1-10 1.2.4 1-10 1 GDP 28 5 29 TBA: Traditional Birth Attendant 50% 30 4.0 4.2 24 Ministry of Education. (2001). Education Statistics & Indicators 2000/2001. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Education, pp. 3-4 25 ADB. (1996). Cambodia Education Sector Strategy Study. Manila: ADB, pp. 28,59 26 Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport. (1999). Education for All the Year 2000 Assessment Country Report. Phnom Penh: MoEYS, p.23 27 Ministry of Education. (2000). Report on the Assessment of the functional Literacy Levels of the Adult Population in Cambodia. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Education, pp. 58-61 28 GDP 1999 260 29 1999 437 100,000 National Institute of Statistics. (2001). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p. 117 30 Ministry of Economy and Finance (1999) 16

1 1-10 5 HIV/AIDS % 1,000 1,000 * 4 % % % % % * 3 * 3 % 2000 * 1 2000 * 1 2000 * 1 2000 * 1 2000 * 1 2000 * 1 2000 * 1 2000 * 1 1999 * 2 2000 * 1 * 1 Banteay Meanchey 78.2 107.7 4.3 28.9 58.8 28.9 39.5 4.3 2.3 51.4 Battambang 98.0 126.6 4.5 29.0 68.8 36.3 36.4 17.2 4.8 84.1 Kampong Cham 107.9 133.8 4.2 13.6 44.8 48.2 47.8 12.5 0.5 58.3 Kampong Chhnang 129.3 160.0 5.2 14.5 65.0 45.9 46.1 21.7 2.7 85.2 Kampong Speu 68.3 89.5 4.6 10.1 58.2 44.5 44.0 13.7 2.1 32.2 Kampong Thom 64.5 98.8 4.3 17.8 62.0 47.2 49.4 14.0 1.6 52.0 Kampot 100.4 124.4 4.1 20.6 41.1 43.4 39.8 8.5 1.8 75.0 Kandal 89.2 108.2 3.8 16.5 75.5 46.2 48.2 14.5 n.a. 88.5 Koh Kong 70.7 90.8 4.3 14.8 26.6 55.0 42.7 16.2 n.a. 66.8 Kratie 71.3 119.5 4.6 12.1 43.1 51.0 47.0 7.9 0.7 45.5 Mondulkiri 169.8 229.3 6.3 9.2 38.8 55.0 54.0 15.7 n.a. 25.9 Preah Vihea 71.3 119.5 4.6 12.1 43.1 51.0 47.0 8.0 n.a. 45.5 Prey Veng 111.0 151.3 3.5 15.5 38.0 51.2 56.8 6.4 4.2 89.9 Pursat 139.4 172.7 4.9 15.1 48.4 46.3 46.3 19.5 0.6 82.1 Rattanakiri 169.8 229.3 6.3 9.2 38.8 55.0 54.0 28.8 n.a. 25.9 Siem Reap 77.9 124.6 4.6 14.0 51.0 50.7 49.9 10.1 2.2 71.8 Sihanouk Ville 100.4 124.4 4.1 20.6 41.1 43.4 39.8 7.2 n.a. 75.0 Steung Treng 71.3 119.5 4.6 12.1 43.1 51.0 47.0 10.1 n.a. 45.5 Svay Rieng 102.0 129.6 3.5 22.1 31.7 51.3 45.9 2.9 0.0 71.2 Takeo 96.0 118.5 4.1 20.1 74.1 42.1 39.9 4.7 1.3 82.7 Oudor Meanchey 169.8 229.3 4.6 14.0 51.0 50.7 49.9 12.0 n.a. 71.8 Kep Ville 100.4 124.4 4.1 20.6 41.1 43.4 39.8 8.5 n.a. 75.0 Pailin 98.0 126.6 4.5 29.0 68.8 36.3 36.4 5.7 n.a. 84.1 Phnom Penh 37.6 49.7 2.1 27.4 74.1 36.3 36.4 8.4 4.0 96.9 72.3 92.6 3.1 23.2 61.0 38.1 37.9 9.4 n.a. 86.4 95.7 126.0 4.2 17.6 54.6 45.7 46.5 11.2 n.a. 70.5 92.7 121.6 4.0 18.5 55.4 44.6 45.2 10.5 2.9 73.2 5 * 1 Q1020% n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 18.4 n.a. n.a. 8.2 n.a. n.a. Q22040% n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 24.0 n.a. n.a. 10.9 n.a. n.a. Q34060% n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 29.8 n.a. n.a. 14.5 n.a. n.a. Q46080% n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 39.5 n.a. n.a. 12.4 n.a. n.a. Q580100% n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. 25.1 n.a. n.a. 10.4 n.a. n.a. [ ] *1 National Institute of Statistics. (2001). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, pp. 60, 82, 125, 153, 174, 191 *2 Ministry of Health. (2000). National Health Statistics Report. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Health, p. 47 [] *3-2SD 5 % *4 4 17

5 31 1 1 2,100 cal 43.1% 31-2SD 43.3% 45.9% 44.3% 46.3% National Institute of Statistics. (2001). Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey. Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning, p.174 p.174 18

1 BOX HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS HIV 1991 UNTAC UNAIDS2000 HIV/AIDS 1991 1998 8 1991 WHO1999 HIV 240,963 2 1997 HIV 1.3 0.32 2.1 1998 HIV 33.2 19.8 16.7 NCHADS, 2000 HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS 1999 National Policy and Priority Strategies for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS 24 HIV/AIDS HIV 1-15 1-16 HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS HIV 1980 1990 HIV 1997 HIV HIV/AIDS 19

1.3. 1.3.1 1-5 1 10 45 35.9% D 1 1 10 D 3 D 4 1-5 D 1 D 7 45 32 D 8 D 10 45 = Ministry of Planning. (1999). CSES97 Data File (CD-ROM). Phnom Penh: Ministry of Planning 1-5 1 32 D 1 D 3 D4 20

1 1-11 *2 % % ( ) % (a) 22.8 69.2 2.91 2.0 47.0 15.1 37.8 57.6 33.3 14.1 * 1 (b) * 2 18.2 57.0 2.72 3.4 43.8 14.0 57.5 65.2 40.4 14.7 (c) 16.5 128.0 10.71 3.4 46.6 12.5 46.9 63.8 51.2 31.7 17.5 106.0 8.11 3.2 46.0 13.1 48.6 63.5 46.9 26.0 [ ] World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World, Bank, pp. 60-61, 66-67 [] *1 1-11 D 8 D 10 128,000 1.3.2 33 i ii Correlation coefficient (1) 1-12 1-13 2 i p<0.01 ii p<0.01 iii p<0.05 iv p<0.05 p<0.05 vi p<0.05 33. (2000).. :, pp.123-130 21

3 34 3 35 i p<0.01 ii p<0.01 iii p<0.01 iv p<0.05 1-12 1-13 (2) y 1 x 1 x 29 29 1-12 1-13 36 y 1 = 0.779x 14 + 0.386x 22 + 0.438x 5 0.355x 7 p = 0.000 < 0.01, R 2 = 0.683 y 1 x 14 x 22 x 5 x 7 34 35 36 29 29 R 2 28 1 R 2 2 R 2 22

1 29 4 4 68.3% x 14 x 15 x 18 2 x 5 x 22 x 5 x 22 HIV/AIDS 37 HIV/AIDS 38 37 UNAIDS. (2001). UNAIDS Cambodia Profile.Geneva: UNAIDS, pp.26-41 38 Pailin 1999 100% 1-3 23

1-12 1 y 1 y 2 y 3 y 4 y 5 y 6 x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 x 11 x 12 2 1 10 10 10 1 0.7667** 0.6094** 0.1829 0.6690** -0.0574-0.3667 0.0787-0.3106-0.3614 0.3742-0.1343-0.3000 0.1446-0.1944-0.3436-0.3187 0.7667** 1 0.9695** 0.0772 0.3169-0.2183-0.2135-0.1007-0.0175-0.0732 0.3198-0.0077-0.5464** 0.5244** -0.1238-0.2499-0.3855 20.6094** 0.9695** 1-0.0147-0.0132-0.2643-0.0866-0.1861 0.1217 0.1218 0.2640 0.1299-0.5627** 0.5859** -0.0961-0.1732-0.3299 0.1829 0.0772-0.0147 1-0.5028* 0.6182* 0.3666 0.6180** 0.5386** 0.2052-0.0631 0.6713** 0.2088 0.0172 0.5253* 0.1265-0.1353 110 0.6690** 0.3169-0.0132-0.5028* 1-0.4581-0.4703-0.3941-0.5047* 0.0260 0.0678-0.3901-0.3153-0.1108-0.5496* -0.3256 0.0387 1010-0.0574-0.2183-0.2643 0.6182* -0.4581 1-0.0184-0.0732-0.0003-0.2093 0.3011 0.4005-0.0990 0.3655 0.1301 0.1016-0.1545-0.3667-0.2135-0.0866 0.3666-0.4703-0.0184 1 0.8210** 0.8471** 0.5832* -0.6554** -0.0787 0.6691** -0.1231 0.8401** 0.5243* 0.5460** 0.0787-0.1007-0.1861 0.6180** -0.3941-0.0732 0.8210** 1 0.7640** 0.4126-0.3710 0.2044 0.4489* -0.1606 0.7249** 0.3429 0.2495-0.3106-0.0175 0.1217 0.5386** -0.5047* -0.0003 0.8471** 0.7640** 1 0.6147* -0.6641** 0.4135 0.7774** -0.0673 0.8171** 0.4751* 0.2287-0.3614-0.0732 0.1218 0.2052 0.0260-0.2093 0.5832* 0.4126 0.6147* 1-0.5065-0.3203-0.0771 0.4646 0.3508 0.2588-0.0001 0.3742 0.3198 0.2640-0.0631 0.0678 0.3011-0.6554** -0.3710-0.6641** -0.5065 1-0.2928-0.5365** 0.4029* -0.5714** -0.5226** -0.3476-0.1343-0.0077 0.1299 0.6713** -0.3901 0.4005-0.0787 0.2044 0.4135-0.3203-0.2928 1 0.3393 0.0646 0.2975 0.1832-0.6320** -0.3000-0.5464** -0.5627** 0.2088-0.3153-0.0990 0.669** 0.4489* 0.7774** -0.0771-0.5365** 0.3393 1-0.6363** 0.7146** 0.5043** 0.4956* 0.1446 0.5244** 0.5859** 0.0172-0.1108 0.3655-0.1231-0.1606-0.0673 0.4646 0.4029* 0.0646-0.6363** 1-0.2374-0.1989-0.3164-0.1944-0.1238-0.0961 0.5253* -0.5496* 0.1301 0.8401** 0.7249** 0.8171** 0.3508-0.5714** 0.2975 0.7146** -0.2374 1 0.7478** 0.5734* -0.3436-0.2499-0.1732 0.1265-0.3256 0.1016 0.5243* 0.3429 0.4751* 0.2588-0.5226** 0.1832 0.5043** -0.1989 0.7478** 1 0.5372** -0.3187-0.3855-0.3299-0.1353 0.0387-0.1545 0.5460* 0.2495 0.2287-0.0001-0.3476-0.6320** 0.4956* -0.3164 0.5734* 0.5372** 1 0.0709 0.1013 0.0504 0.0849-0.0620 0.2002-0.4334* -0.1824-0.2674-0.0462 0.2614 0.2091-0.5859** 0.1344-0.2924-0.3309-0.5118** 0.4261* 0.4208* 0.4254* -0.1767 0.6097* -0.1216-0.3744-0.2389-0.3319-0.2005 0.2575 0.0122-0.0872 0.3735-0.4610* -0.3324-0.1516-0.3481-0.4236* -0.3912* -0.0100-0.2969-0.0958 0.4045 0.2677 0.2065** 0.0347-0.3751-0.2379 0.6504** -0.5205** 0.4265 0.4822* 0.6812** -0.2482-0.1467-0.0614 0.2955-0.4604-0.0608 0.7808** 0.6865** 0.6825 0.2764-0.4753** -0.1246 0.4961* -0.0624 0.8239** 0.6399** 0.2908-0.3987-0.1092 0.0388 0.1125-0.2069 0.0935 0.2604 0.1468 0.1435 0.6161* 0.2471-0.2220-0.4726* 0.6047 0.4284 0.0882-0.1005-0.6039* -0.4104-0.2784 0.2828-0.5395 0.0377 0.8935** 0.7431** 0.8201** 0.6628-0.4509-0.1834 0.7385** -0.1805 0.9382** 0.6910* 0.7304* -0.0406-0.0263-0.0689-0.2143 0.2202-0.1280-0.4752* -0.4090* -0.2075 0.1701 0.3925* -0.1375-0.2803 0.2805-0.5172* -0.6006** -0.4406* 5-0.0420 0.0328 0.0139-0.2128 0.1905 0.0170-0.5197* -0.4452* -0.2867 0.1544 0.4753* -0.0774-0.4011* 0.4462-0.5394* -0.5889** -0.4765* 0.0512 0.1202 0.1131-0.0963 0.1529 0.0229-0.6309** -0.4440* -0.5188* 0.1771 0.6231** 0.4246-0.4750* 0.4170-0.6708** -0.6046** -0.6473** 0.3814* -0.0038-0.1368 0.2730 0.0086-0.1718 0.3868 0.6359** 0.4135-0.1190-0.4536* 0.0223 0.4151* -0.4800 0.4314 0.2211 0.1521 0.1117-0.0429-0.1029 0.1909-0.1951-0.1117 0.3378 0.3712 0.2360-0.4316-0.2149 0.4100 0.3262-0.3890 0.4264 0.3347 0.2565-0.2805 0.0079 0.1080-0.1538 0.2670 0.2152-0.3477-0.5158** -0.3364 0.1617 0.4257* -0.1481-0.4206* 0.5258-0.4157-0.3043-0.1115-0.1594-0.0060 0.0534-0.2222 0.1783 0.2853-0.4191-0.5457** -0.4059-0.1715 0.5134** 0.0095-0.2606 0.4783-0.3026-0.2858-0.1084-0.2725-0.1404-0.0942-0.0063-0.1105-0.1305-0.1261-0.2027-0.0723 0.0648 0.1586 0.4933 0.0029 0.0513-0.1338-0.3032-0.1837 HIV 0.0373 0.0636 0.0423 0.3243-0.4197 0.2157 0.3946 0.3170 0.3330-0.2129-0.3861 0.2655 0.4772-0.1678 0.6470** 0.2651 0.3992 HIV 0.1038-0.0951-0.1752 0.2223-0.0027 0.1411 0.3522 0.3400 0.3822-0.0837-0.4431* 0.0346 0.3910* -0.4505 0.3701 0.3101 0.4381* 0.3075 0.1167 0.0855-0.1530-0.1408 0.7128** -0.1243 0.0800-0.1394-0.1287 0.0429 0.0850-0.0477-0.0431-0.0430-0.1277-0.1902 [ ] [] Peason * p < 0.055% ** p < 0.011% 24

1 1-13 2 x 13 x 14 x 15 x 16 x 17 x 18 x 19 x 20 x 21 x 22 x 23 x 24 x 25 x 26 x 27 x 28 x 29 5 HIV HIV 0.0709 0.4261* -0.3481-0.2482-0.3987-0.6039* -0.0406-0.0420 0.0512 0.3814* 0.1117-0.2805-0.1594-0.2725 0.0373 0.1038 0.3075 0.1013 0.4208* -0.4236* -0.1467-0.1092-0.4104-0.0263 0.0328 0.1202-0.0038-0.0429 0.0079-0.0060-0.1404 0.0636-0.0951 0.1167 2 0.0504 0.4254* -0.3912* -0.0614 0.0388-0.2784-0.0689 0.0139 0.1131-0.1368-0.1029 0.1080 0.0534-0.0942 0.0423-0.1752 0.0855 0.0849-0.1767-0.0100 0.2955 0.1125 0.2828-0.2143-0.2128-0.0963 0.2730 0.1909-0.1538-0.2222-0.0063 0.3243 0.2223-0.1530 110-0.0620 0.6097* -0.2969-0.4604-0.2069-0.5395 0.2202 0.1905 0.1529 0.0086-0.1951 0.2670 0.1783-0.1105-0.4197-0.0027-0.1408 1010 0.2002-0.1216-0.0958-0.0608 0.0935 0.0377-0.1280 0.0170 0.0229-0.1718-0.1117 0.2152 0.2853-0.1305 0.2157 0.1411 0.7128** -0.4334* -0.3744 0.4045 0.7808** 0.2604 0.8935** -0.4752* -0.5197* -0.6309** 0.3868 0.3378-0.3477-0.4191-0.1261 0.3946 0.3522-0.1243-0.1824-0.2389 0.2677 0.6865** 0.1468 0.7431** -0.4090* -0.4452* -0.4440* 0.6359** 0.3712-0.5158** -0.5457** -0.2027 0.3170 0.3400 0.0800-0.2674-0.3319 0.2065 0.6824** 0.1435 0.8201** -0.2075-0.2867-0.5188* 0.4135 0.2360-0.3364-0.4059-0.0723 0.3330 0.3822-0.1394-0.0462-0.2005 0.0347 0.2764 0.6161* 0.6628 0.1701 0.1544 0.1771-0.1190-0.4316 0.1617-0.1715 0.0648-0.2129-0.0837-0.1287 0.2614 0.2575-0.3751-0.4753* 0.2471-0.4509 0.3925* 0.4753* 0.6231** -0.4536* -0.2149 0.4257* 0.5134** 0.1586-0.3861-0.4431* 0.0429 0.2091 0.0122-0.2379-0.1246-0.2220-0.1834-0.1375-0.0774 0.4246 0.0223 0.4100-0.1481 0.0095 0.4933 0.2655 0.0346 0.0850-0.5859** -0.0872 0.6504** 0.4961* -0.4726* 0.7385** -0.2803-0.4011* -0.4750* 0.4151* 0.3262-0.4206* -0.2606 0.0029 0.4772 0.3910* -0.0477 0.1344 0.3735-0.5205** -0.0624 0.6046** -0.1805 0.2805 0.4461* 0.4169* -0.4800* -0.3890* 0.5257** 0.4782* 0.0513-0.1678-0.4505* -0.0431-0.2924-0.4610* 0.4265 0.8239** 0.4284 0.9382** -0.5172* -0.5394* -0.6708** 0.4314 0.4264-0.4157-0.3026-0.1338 0.6470** 0.3701-0.0430-0.3309-0.3324 0.4822* 0.6399** 0.0882 0.6910* -0.6006** -0.5889** -0.6047 0.2211 0.3347-0.3043-0.2858-0.3032 0.2651 0.3101-0.1277-0.5118** -0.1516 0.6812** 0.2908-0.1005 0.7304* -0.4406* -0.4765* -0.6473** 0.1521 0.2565-0.1115-0.1084-0.1837 0.3992 0.4381* -0.1902 1-0.5250** -0.6655** -0.3789-0.1068-0.5409 0.3361 0.3799 0.3021-0.1104-0.0060 0.1489 0.1217 0.0337-0.1570-0.1141 0.0038-0.5250** 1-0.2018-0.3562-0.0606-0.6686* 0.1528 0.1827 0.2760-0.1334-0.3382 0.2267 0.2439 0.1524-0.2596-0.2412 0.0598-0.6655** -0.2018 1 0.3598-0.0336 0.6690* -0.4946** -0.5862** -0.4848* 0.1854 0.3095-0.3618-0.3477-0.1931 0.2179 0.3121-0.0150-0.3789-0.3562 0.3598 1 0.3040 0.7583** -0.4139* -0.4245* -0.5675** 0.3536 0.1906-0.3318-0.3339-0.2172 0.4586 0.2171-0.0333-0.1068-0.0606-0.0336 0.3040 1 0.7239* 0.1972 0.3391 0.4199-0.4567-0.1893 0.3868 0.1838 0.2414-0.1539-0.4909* -0.2204-0.5409-0.6686* 0.6690* 0.7583** 0.7239* 1-0.4452-0.5627-0.5902 0.3179 0.4233-0.3974-0.3366-0.0661 0.3564 0.5276-0.0430 0.3361 0.1528-0.4946** -0.4139* 0.1972-0.4452 1 0.9655** 0.6679** -0.3588-0.2721 0.3812* 0.4863* 0.4944** -0.2086-0.1831-0.0923 5 0.3799 0.1827-0.5862** -0.4245* 0.3391-0.5627 0.9655** 1 0.7449** -0.4693* -0.3398 0.4888** 0.6055** 0.4785* -0.2331-0.3291-0.0545 0.3021 0.2760-0.4848* -0.5675** 0.4199-0.5902 0.6679** 0.7449** 1-0.5797** -0.2911 0.4573* 0.4805* 0.6191** -0.2885-0.6706** -0.0024-0.1104-0.1334 0.1854 0.3536-0.4567 0.3179-0.3588-0.4693* -0.5797** 1 0.4732* -0.8563** -0.7885** -0.4664* 0.4224 0.6056** 0.3329-0.0060-0.3382 0.3095 0.1906-0.1893 0.4233-0.2721-0.3398-0.2911 0.4732* 1-0.6676** -0.4239* -0.0270 0.4642 0.4302* 0.1013 0.1489 0.2267-0.3618-0.3318 0.3868-0.3974 0.3812* 0.4888** 0.4573* -0.8563** -0.6676** 1 0.7970** 0.3533-0.4370-0.4409* -0.4860* 0.1217 0.2439-0.3477-0.3339 0.1838-0.3366 0.4863* 0.6055** 0.4805* -0.7885** -0.4239* 0.7970** 1 0.3612-0.2006-0.4420* -0.1561 0.0337 0.1524-0.1931-0.2172 0.2414-0.0661 0.4944** 0.4785* 0.6191** -0.4664* -0.0270 0.3533 0.3612 1 0.1544-0.2744-0.3105 HIV -0.1570-0.2596 0.2179 0.4586-0.1539 0.3564-0.2086-0.2331-0.2885 0.4224 0.4642-0.4370-0.2006 0.1544 1 0.4594 0.0076 HIV -0.1141-0.2412 0.3121 0.2171-0.4909* 0.5276-0.1831-0.3291-0.6706** 0.6056** 0.4302* -0.4409* -0.4420* -0.2744 0.4594 1-0.1563 0.0038 0.0598-0.0150-0.0333-0.2204-0.0430-0.0923-0.0545-0.0024 0.3329 0.1013-0.4860* -0.1561-0.3105 0.0076-0.1563 1 [ ] [] Peason * p < 0.055% ** p < 0.011% 25

1.3.3 (1) 1979 Krom Samaki39 10 1989 1 1989 3 40 a. 1989 b. 41 c. i ii 2 90.5% 40.5% 1-6 42 39 40. (2001).. : JICA, pp. 292-294 41 42 World Bank. (1999). Cambodia Poverty Assessment 1997. Washington D.C.: World Bank, p.72 Cambodia. (2000). Land Ownership, Sales and Concentration in Cambodia. Phnom Penh: Sik Boreak, p.26 26

1 (2) 1970 20 300400 43 1-6 1970 44 2,107km 2 1.17% Banteay Meanchey Battambang Oudor Meanchey Pailin i ii iii 1-7 UXO: Unexploded Ordnance 1,000 1-6 1999 43 The Royal Government of Cambodia. (2000). Interim-PRSP. Phnom Penh: GOC, p. 9 44 27

2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0 1997 1998 1999 2000 6 1-7 (3) 1970 10 479 45 22% 1.5% i ii 1999 45.7% 40.9% 35.7% 46 1-8 45. (2001).. :JICA, p. 310 46 28

1 World Bank. (2001). A Poverty Profile of Cambodia 1999 (draft). Phnom Penh: World, Bank, p. 47 1-8 (4) 411,000 20% 25.8% 19% 47 1-9 48 1 4.4 13 32.9% 5.6 13 13.7% 47. (2001).. :JICA, p. 61 48 World Bank. (1999). Cambodia Poverty Assessment 1997. Washington D.C.: World Bank, p.12 29

[ ]. (2001).. : JICA, p. 61 1-9 30

2 2 2.1. 1970 20 1991 10 1993 5 UNTAC: United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia 2.1.1 (1) 1975 31

1980 1990 1991 1994 2-1 a. b. c. UNTAC 49 100 2-2 1600 1400 1200 M1 1000 800 600 400 200 0-200 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000-400 [ ] Asian Development Bank, Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries, 2001 [1] 2000 [2] 2-1 49 UNTAC 22,000 32

2 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 1= 4,500 4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 0 500 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000-20 0 [ ] Asian Development Bank, Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries, 2001 [1] 2000 [2] 19901994 1988 =100 1995 1993=100 2-2 1993 IMF 1993 12 Organic Budget Law 2-1 2-1 10 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999-45.3-89.6-318.3-418.7-557.7-593.7-386.8-565.0-516.3 6.1 1.5 239.1 432.1 559.3 575.6 445.9 505.4 538.0 39.2 88.1 79.2-13.4-1.6 18.1-64.6 123.0-44.7 [ ] National Institute of Statistics, Statistical Yearbook 2000, February 2001, Phnom Pehn World Bank, Cambodia: Public Expenditure Review, January 1999 33

19951997 7 1 =2,5002700 1997 15 1999 4 2000 0.8 1 1990 (2) 1993 1980 1993 1993 2-3 8 1993 GDP 1990 50% 1993 40% 2000 40 GDP GDP 1990 2000 18 1989 1996 EU 34

2 1993 1996 40 UNTAC UNTAC 35 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 [ ] National Institute of Statistics. (2000). Cambodia Statistical Yearbook 2000 2-3 GDP 1994 80 20 4.56 50 1989 50 No.44 1999 4 35

1994 1996 2.1.2 (1) 1990 GDP 1989 1990 1.2 1991 1992 7.6 7.0 2-2 1991 7 1992 11 2 1991 1992 UNTAC 2-2 1989 100 1990 1991 1992 GDP 1.2% 7.6% 7.0% 1.2% 6.7% 1.9% -4.4% 7.0% 3.3% 2.6% 8.5% 11.1% [ ] Asian Development Bank. (2001). Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries 1993 1994 2000 7 4.2 51 GDP 14 1995 2 GDP GDP 40 2-4 51 1991 1993 100% 1992 1989 1993 1993 1990 1992 1994 2000 36

2 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% -5% 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000-10% [ ] Asian Development Bank. (2001). Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries 2-4 1993 =100 1996 97 1997 128 2 1998 1999 40 GDP 1996 1 1999 6 2-5 GDP 7.0% 6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% 1.0% 140% 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% -20% 0.0% 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999-40% [ ] National Institute of Statistics. (2000) Cambodia Statistical Yearbook 2-5 37

3,000 2,500 2,476.3 2,000 1,500 1,000 622.4 592.6 558.4 500 0 196.2 161.9 1994.81995.12 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000.19 [ ] 1999 2000 2001 2-6 ( ) 1994 8 1994 8 1997 8 4 33 ASEAN 2-6 8 EU 1990 ASEAN ASEAN 1997 1998 1.5 5.8 2.5 15 1997 20 1997 a. ASEAN b. ASEAN 1997 1999 ASEAN 38

2 (2) 1990 5 6 1993 1997 1999 CSES 1993 1999 52 53 U 2-3 Kakwani1993 54 1993 1999 2-3 i 1% 1% 3.1% ii 1% 0.79% iii 1 1% 1.37% iv 1% 4.18% 2-3 1993-1999 2 i -3.10 ** -0.98 * -0.69 ** ii -0.79 ** -0.79 ** -0.79 ** iii 1.37 * 0.97 ** 0.75 ** iv -4.18 ** -1.74 ** -1.29 ** [] **5% *10% 52 1.1.2 1.1.3 53 World Bank. (1999). Cambodia Poverty Assessment. p31 54 Kakwani, N (1993) Poverty and Economic Growth with Application to Cote d Ivoire. Review of Income and Wealth 39:121-39 39

1993 1999 2-3 2 1.74 1.29 4.18 1/3 1/4 1993 1999 90% 80% GDP (Under-employment) (3) 1994 2000 7 3.6 014 40 1998 510 2000 550 55 1999 0.6 2-4 1998 0.52 80 2-5 2-6 1999 41.5% 96.4% 52% (Disguised Unemployment) 55 Alan Abrahart,(2000)Cambodia: A Labor Market Study. p.4 40

2 2-4 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2.5 2.5 0.9 0.7 5.3 0.6 6.1 6.5 3.3 0.5 4.5 7.9 0.8 1.6 9.2 0.4 2.0 1.8 0.5 0.4 4.7 0.6 [ ] National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia Statistical Yearbook 2000, [] 10 2-5 1999 ( ) 4,845,762 7,479 589,852 2,194,036 2,014,536 3,739,645 2,408 43,858 1,749,275 1,942,955 3,668,566 2,275 38,327 1,711,900 1,915,365 204,373 1,596 114,711 75,809 11,547 150,209 1,208 77,379 61,284 9,878 901,744 3,475 431,283 368,952 60,034 334,237 798 16,675 261,732 53,956 113,576 289 42,960 66,361 3,237 219,788 4 218,740 1,041 1 [ ] National Institute of Statistics. (2000) Cambodia Statistical Yearbook 2-6 (1999 ) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 76.5 8.3 54.8 84.7 74.6 7.8 51.8 82.9 6.4 21.4 9.2 4.7 4.7 17.1 6.0 3.5 17.1 70.3 36.0 10.6 7.3 24.5 14.4 5.0 2.2 9.2 5.6 1.2 3.4 17.4 7.5 1.7 [ ] National Institute of Statistics. (2000). Cambodia Statistical Yearbook 41

GDP GDP 2-7 4.5 56 2010 20 i ii 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1994 1996 1997 1998 1999 [ ] National Institute of Statistics. (2000) Cambodia Statistical Yearbook 2-7 56 Tan Bock Thiam, ADB TA 1694 CAM, Workshop on SEDP II Development Objectives and Strategies Phnom Penh, Dec. 5 th, 2000 42

2 2.2. 2.2.1 1994 NPRD 1996 SEDP SEDP 1996 2000 5 SEDP II (1) NPRD 1994 3 International Committee on the Reconstruction of Cambodia: ICORC NPRD:National Programme to Rehabilitate and Develop Cambodia NPRD NPRD 1995 Implementing the National Programme to Rehabilitate and Develop Cambodia: INPRD) NPRD 6 a. b. 2004 GDP c. d. e. f. INPRD 3 a. b. c. NRPD INRPD 43

(2) 1 SEDP I 1996-2000 SEDPIThe First Five-Year Socio-Economic Development Plan NRPD 19962000 5 90 65 19962000 22 SEDPI 1996 3 Public Investment Program: PIP SEDPI SEDPI NGO I-PRSP SEDPI SEDPI 65 (3) 2 5 SEDPII20012005 SEDPI 2001 2005 2 SEDPII WB IMF Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: PRSP SEDPII PRSP PRSP SEDPII 2001 9 2 5 SEDPII 2001 10 ADB SEDPII SEDPII PRSP SEDPII 4 1 2 3 4 44

2 3 3 a. b. c. 57 PPA: Participatory Poverty Assessment 2-7 2-7 PPA [ ] Asian Development Bank Ministry of Planning,2000National Workshop on the Second Socio-Economic Development Plan 2001-2005, SEDPII SEDPII ADB 57 1997 Socio-Economic Survey 45

2.2.2 (1) PIP SEDPI 1996 3 PIP:Public Investment Program PIP 1 3 58 PIP PIP 2-8 2-8 NPRD 1 5 SEDPI 3 PIP SEDPI PIP 2-9 PIP 3 SEDPI 5 SEDPI PIP 18 PIP 25 2000 11 PIP 8.2 1516 59 58 19961998 19971999 19982000 19992001 20002002 PIP 59 World Bank, (1999), Cambodia Public Expenditure Review: Volume Two, p.43 46

2 2-9 SEDPI PIP1996-1998* PIP1999-2001 168,000 14.0 130,427 9.3 24,000 2.0 - - 312,000 26.0 252,375 18.0 ( ( 50,100 3.6 108,000 9.0 104,258 7.4 - - 13,804 1.0 144,000 12.0 114,276 8.2 36,000 3.0 18,800 1.3 72,000 6.0 46,138 3.3 / / 62,888 4.5 96,000 8.0 154,329 11.0 240,000 20.0 347,420 24.8 - - 27,038 1.9 - - 2,747 0.2 200,000-75,400 5.4 1,400,000 100.0* 1,400,000 100.0 [ ] Ministry of Planning, Public Investment Programme 1996-1998 Public Investment Programme1999-2001 [] *PIP1996-1998 (2) 20 1993 1993 1993 1996 2 1997 1999 1.4 GDP 1995 8 1999 4.5 2-8 47

[ ] National Institute of Statistics. (2001). Statistical Yearbook 2000 World Bank. (1999).Cambodia: Public Expenditure Review 2-8 100 IMF WB GDP 1995 8 1999 4.6 210 2-10 GDP ( ) 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 4.4 6.2 5.4 9.6 8.9 9.1 9.7 9.0 11.5 7.4 9.5 6.9 11.0 9.6 9.9 9.0 14.3 16.1 3.4 3.6 5.9 6.8 7.7 7.2 4.3 5.4 4.5 0.5 0.1 4.4 7.0 7.8 7.0 4.9 4.7 4.6 [ ] National Institute of Statistics,(2001), Statistical Yearbook 2000 World Bank, Cambodia: Public Expenditure Review GDP 23 5 10 90 48

2 1995 70 1996 1998 55 2-11 1994 1998 1 80 2-11 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 1.0 1.3 7.5 6.4 6.9 9.8 1.7 4.0 3.5 5.9 6.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 2.3 2.3 3.8 5.1 7.8 9.7 12.8 14.1 14.6 13.7 12.9 13.5 13.2 12.6 13.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 2.1 10.6 12.4 11.2 66.2 70.7 72.3 68.1 77.1 72.0 64.4 58.1 55.4 13.5 8.7 5.7 6.1 5.3 4.4 2.7 2.3 3.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 [ ] National Institute of Statistics,(2001) Statistical Yearbook 2000 29 1994 1995 60 2000 40 SEDP 1994 2000 7 2% 10% 1999 2000 2000 16% 1994 12 1994 2000 10 45 1999 2000 2 49

70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 [ ] Asian Development Bank, Key Indicators of Developing Asian and Pacific Countries 2001, [] 2000 2-9 7 NGO 2001 GDP 1.5 GDP 5.75 GDP 12 IMF 60 a. VAT b. c. 61 60 IMF,(2001)Cambodia: Third Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility- Staff Report, IMF Country Report No. 01/143 61 50

2 2.2.3 (1) a. b. c. d. GDP 1.5 4,200 2000 4 1,500 15,000 2001 1,500 WB 13.5 1998 1998 10 3 62 SEDP (2) I-PRSP 2010 9 2000 11 62 Alan Abrahart. (2001). Cambodia: A Labor Market Study. P.36 51

a. 2010 1 9 b. c. d. 2001 3 ESP: Education Strategic Plan 20012005 ESSP: Education Sector Support Program ESSP I-PRSP ESSP PRSP ESSP 11 2-12 CSES99 7,496 2.1 53,788 5.3 2,701 0.9 5 63 1 1.05 5 1.46 0.41 1 24,800 5 162,100 6.5 64 SEDPI 2-13 1998 1996 63 World Bank,(1999) Cambodia Poverty Assessment, p.42, Table4.8 64 1.2.3 1-10 52

2 2-12 3,000 20012005 24 9 24 1 2 6 7 1 7 6 1012 75 2005 4 3 32 NTF 2002 20012015 40 47 [ ] Ministry of Education. (2001). Youth and Sports, Education Sector Support Program 2001-05. Phnom Penh 53

2-13 SEDPI 1996 2000 1998 5 5 12 65 12 33 6 6 6 13 16 5016 34 1 19 10 10 [ ] Royal Government of Cambodia(2001), Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, Phnom Penh, p.13, Table2.1 (3) 1996 CSEC99 1999 21,181 5.9 18,696 6.6 40,088 4 65 2.6 5 1998 Health Care Demand Survey 5 CSEC99 10 1 2 146,673 204,690 1 33,800 23 17 a. b. c. 65 CSES99 10 1 2.4 10 8.8 54

2 WHO 66 1 500 500 1 WB 1999 67 1997 18 5 1 12.2 5 26.2 5 WB 68 I-PRSP SEDPI 2-14 1996 66 Health Economics Task Force,(2001) Ministry of Health /WHO Health Sector Reform Phase III Project, The Impact of User Fees on Access, Equity and Health Provider Practice in Cambodia, Phnom Pehn, 67 World Bank,(1999) Cambodia Poverty Assessment, 5. Access to Health Services 68 WHO 2km 9.4km World Bank,(1999) Cambodia Poverty Assessment,, p.61 55

2-14 SEDPI 1996 2000 1998 10 650 10 300 10 473 1,000 115 1,000 80 1,000 80 5 1,000 181 1,000 120 1,000 115 5 5 5 50 25 40 90 40 33 12 12 80 70 78 54 53 1 80 3 1 3 63 26 65 65 90 23.7 60.3 74 49 8.6 100 20 [ ] Royal Government of Cambodia. (2001). Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Phnom Penh. p13. Table2.1 2.2.4 (1) Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: PRSP SEDPII Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: I-PRSP 2000 10 27 WBIMF I-PRSP 2000 6 2001 4 WBIMF I-PRSP PRSP I-PRSP PRSP SEDPII 56

2 PRSP 2001 2002 PRSP SEDPII 2000 5 3 I-PRSP 2-15 2-15 HIV/IADS NGO [ ] Royal Government of Cambodia. (2001). Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper.p.28.Table3.1 I-PRSP SEDP I SEDPI SEDPI 57

NGO SEDPI NGO I-PRSP WB IMF PRSP 2-16 2-16 PRSP PAP PIP MTEF PIMS HIV/AIDS [ ] Royal Government of Cambodia. (2001). Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper 58

2 (2) SEDPI CARD: Council for Agricultural and Rural Development RDC: Rural Development Committee VDC: Village Development Committee VDC 59 69 VDC a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. NGO VDC 69 VDC 40 59

2.3. 2.3.1 (1) SEDPI SEDPI 2-17 2-17 [ ] Ministry of Rural Development (2000). Second Five Year Socio -Economic Development Plan 2001-2005. Phnom Phen. Rural Development Structures: RDS VDC 2000 13,406 38 5,112 VDC VDC LBAT: Labour Based Appropriate Technology 6,956km LBAT WFP: World Food Programme ADB LBAT 70 70 ADB (Rural Infrastructure Improvement Project: RIIP) 1999 70,883 60

2 1995 2000 3 2 5 SEDPII 2-18 2-18 VDC 7,500 5,112 38 56 LBAT 6,956km 28,000km 26 200 65 500 29 6 50 8.6 22 170 [ ] Ministry of Rural Development. (2000). Second Five Year Socio -Economic Development Plan 2001-2005. Phnom Phen, (2) SEDPII SEDPII SEDPII SEDPI Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning 2-19 61

2-19 Integrated Rural Accessbility Planning (IRAP) IRAP [ ] Ministry of Rural Development(2000), Second Five Year Socio -Economic Development Plan 2001-2005, Phnom Pehn, 2.3.2 ACLEDA ACLEDA Association of Cambodian Local Economic Development Agencies 1993 ILO ACLEDA NGO 70 ACLEDA 1998 12 65 1 108 10 1 2-20 11 75 62

2 2-20 ACLEDA 1 108 1,194 8,188 [ ] International Lbour Organization East Asia Multidisciplunary Advisory Team. (2000). Report on Micro and Small Enterprise Development for Poverty Alleviation in Cambodia, Bangkok. P.25 ACLEDA 35 71 ACLEDA ILO ACLEDA ACLEDA 1998 2.3.3 SEILA Seila Seila 2-211996 2000 BanteayMeancheyBattambangPursatSiem ReapOudar MeancheyRatanakiri 6 Pailin 220 160 Seila 7,500 11 72 NGO1,900 Seila Seila 71 ILO 10 72 UNDPEUUNCDFWBUNHCRWFPIFAD 63

2-21 Seila [ ] SEILA Task Force. (2000). Seila Program Document 2001-2005. Phnom Pehn 64

3 3 3.1. 3.1.1 3-1 1991 3 GNP 12% 3-1 1999 ODA 279 300 GNP 9% ODA 200 1992 73 1991 1999 ODA 3-2 3-3 1991 UNHCR WFP 1999 WBIDAADB 1993 1999 ODA 18 ODA NGO 3-41992 56% 1998 2 73 GNP ODA 5% 21% 65

(IMF)WBADB UNDP WB CASCountry Assistance Strategy 2000 ADB SEDP UNDP 1999 1968 AusAID Australian Agency for International Development USAIDUnited States Agency for International Development 1997 NGO 74 2 NGO 1980 NGO CG 2001 6 CG NGO Good Governance Human Resource Management Reaching the Poor 3 75 3.2 NGO 74 2001 6 CG HIV/AIDS 75 Medicam, NGO Forum on Cambodia. Cooperation Committee for Cambodia. (2001). NGO Statement to the 2001 Consultative Group Meeting Cambodia 66

3 3-1 ODA 100 ODA DAC GNP 1991 90.98 5.15% 49.93 54.88% 41.05 45.12% 1992 205.57 10.27% 95.44 46.43% 110.13 53.57% 1993 305.88 13.69% 196.57 64.26% 109.31 35.74% 1994 326.61 13.56% 180.99 55.41% 143.41 43.91% 1995 555.99 18.93% 341.23 61.37% 214.76 38.63% 1996 421.53 13.41% 252.49 59.90% 169.04 40.10% 1997 333.45 10.97% 228.39 68.49% 105.06 31.51% 1998 337.12 11.85% 230.60 68.40% 106.52 31.60% 1999 278.90 9.04% 167.13 59.92% 111.77 40.08% [ ] OECD URL: http://www.oecd.org/ International Development Statistics Online Database Destination of Official Development Assistance and Official Aid - Disbursements 3-2 ODA 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 DAC Japan 0.48 4.71 61.34 64.52 152.04 71.34 61.63 81.40 50.87 6.00 13.00 29.00 16.00 33.00 28.00 30.00 32.47 14.11 5.29 8.68 16.75 28.41 53.43 52.10 27.09 21.43 22.10 6.67 10.16 5.47 12.22 19.63 14.17 17.01 17.85 21.62 4.80 7.71 10.40 14.31 25.83 28.24 23.95 21.91 16.74 3.82 18.54 11.81 10.08 10.92 15.99 22.98 14.28 7.55 22.87 32.64 61.80 35.45 46.38 42.65 45.73 41.26 34.14 49.93 95.44 196.57 180.99 341.23 252.49 228.39 230.60 167.13 WB 38.23 24.62 45.60 30.41 19.18 26.78 EU 3.79 15.69 17.01 11.39 33.02 52.58 32.93 32.90 27.49 ADB 6.00 5.98 16.36 45.42 32.06 10.74 29.33 26.16 UNDP 0.34 7.22 17.86 17.81 19.06 18.12 17.54 9.83 7.88 UNHCR 18.96 39.82 26.22 3.59 1.75 0.38 0.41 0.10 0.11 17.96 41.40 42.24 56.03 90.89 20.30 13.03 15.18 23.35 41.05 110.13 109.31 143.41 214.76 169.04 105.06 106.52 111.77 2.21 90.98 205.57 305.88 326.61 555.99 421.53 333.45 337.12 278.90 [ ] OECD URL: http://www.oecd.org/ International Development Statistics Online Database Destination of Official Development Assistance and Official Aid Disbursements 67

3-3 ODA % 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 DAC 0.53 2.29 20.05 19.75 27.35 16.92 18.48 24.15 18.24 6.59 6.32 9.48 4.90 5.94 6.64 9.00 9.63 5.06 5.81 4.22 5.48 8.70 9.61 12.36 8.12 6.36 7.92 7.33 4.94 1.79 3.74 3.53 3.36 5.10 5.29 7.75 5.28 3.75 3.40 4.38 4.65 6.70 7.18 6.50 6.00 4.20 9.02 3.86 3.09 1.96 3.79 6.89 4.24 2.71 25.14 15.88 20.20 10.85 8.34 10.12 13.71 12.24 12.24 54.88 46.43 64.26 55.41 61.37 59.90 68.49 68.40 59.92 WB 11.71 4.43 10.82 9.12 5.69 9.60 EU 4.17 7.63 5.56 3.49 5.94 12.47 9.88 9.76 9.86 ADB 0.00 2.92 1.96 5.01 8.17 7.61 3.22 8.70 9.38 UNDP 0.37 3.51 5.84 5.45 3.43 4.30 5.26 2.92 2.83 UNHCR 20.84 19.37 8.57 1.10 0.31 0.09 0.12 0.03 0.04 19.74 20.14 13.81 17.16 16.35 4.82 3.91 4.50 8.37 45.12 53.57 35.74 43.91 38.63 40.10 31.51 31.60 40.08 0.68 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 [ ] OECD URL: http://www.oecd.org/ International Development Statistics Online Database Destination of Official Development Assistance and Official Aid Disbursements 3-4 1992-2000 % 2000 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 ( ) 0.23 16.73 20.44 16.21 14.13 2.92 1.71 3.38 6.26 2.42 4.55 7.90 12.51 17.02 20.97 14.65 7.48 6.02 0.13 0.38 0.43 0.21 0.65 1.56 0.86 0.84 0.90 6.30 8.86 8.07 8.25 6.71 12.86 14.42 13.93 8.42 6.75 8.55 6.78 7.14 12.46 4.80 3.08 5.25 9.06 14.03 13.53 7.97 13.67 15.07 18.09 15.67 18.70 23.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.42 2.33 6.62 7.59 2.66 4.62 7.65 4.88 4.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.08 0.05 0.39 1.98 1.34 0.00 0.38 3.47 14.02 16.13 15.25 11.63 9.92 11.65 10.39 11.40 0.34 0.42 0.58 0.77 4.31 4.46 2.73 0.58 0.08 2.23 4.91 7.57 8.02 4.02 5.02 8.20 7.54 7.81 6.19 8.97 5.81 4.85 8.43 8.53 15.59 22.03 15.02 0.94 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.06 1.28 56.38 16.68 11.62 5.47 2.37 4.22 2.42 4.60 6.16 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 [ ] CRDB/CDC (2001), Development Cooperation Report, pp.11 [] CRDB NGO 2000 CRDB 2000 68

3 3.1.2 3 1979 1982 1982 1991 NGO 3 76 NGO CG Consultative Group Meeting for Cambodia CRDB (1) CG CG 77 CG CG 2001 6 5 CG 1 2001 6 CG 15 WBADBIMF 7 NGO i ii iii iv 2002 2003 556 2000 CG A New Development Partnership Paradigm for Cambodia SEDP-II PRSP CG Advances in Implementing a New Partnership in Cambodia 76 Medicam, NGO Forum on Cambodia, CCC (2001) 560 NGO MedicamNGO Forum on CambodiaCooperation Committee for Cambodia CCC NGO 77 1999 3 CG 2 Sub-working Group 69

Seila Seila UNDP EU UNCDF WBUNHCRWFPIFAD NGO (2) CRDB 1995 CDC: Council for the Development Cambodia CRDB: Cambodian Rehabilitation and Development Board CRDB CRDB CRDB NGO CRDB CRDB CRDB CRDB CRDB 78 UNDP CRDB 79 CRDB 78 CRDB. 2000. World Bank. (2000). Country Assistance Evaluation. P.9 WB 79 UNDP/UNOPS Project CMB/96/005 Programme Support for Aid Coordination and Management 70

3 3-1 CRDB CDC/CRDB (DCR: Development Cooperation Report) PIP: Public Investement Program PIP 1. CRDB 2. CRDB PIU 1. 2. CRDB 3. CRDB [ ] CRDB/CDC. (1999). Handbook on the Monitoring and Evaluation of Development Projects in Cambodia. p.25 71

3.2. 3.2.1 (1) (IMF) IMF WB 1999 i ii iii 82 Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility (ESAF) ESAF 1999 11 Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) PRSP 2001 7 PRGF 3 (2) WB WB CG IMF 80 Full-PRSP WB 2000 2 2000 2003 Country Assistance Strategy (CAS) 81 270 CAS WB 4 (1) (2) (3) (4) 80 WB IMF Public Expenditure Review 81 World Bank. (2000). Memorandum of the President of the International Development Association and the International Finance Corporation to the Executive Directors on a Country Assistance Strategy of the World Bank Group for the Kingdom of Cambodia 72

3 WB SWAP: Sector Wide Approach CAS SWAP ADB SWAP WB CAS WB Poverty Assessment Public Expenditure Review WB 1997 Agriculture Productivity Improvement ProjectAPIP 1999 Northeast Village Development ProjectNVDP APIP i ii iii 3 NVDP PRAParticipatory Rural Appraisal Provincial Department of Rural Development (PDRD) 73

貧困プロファイル カンボジア 表 3-5 WB のプロジェクトリスト 単位 百万ドル Project Name Project Status Sector Demobilization and Reintegration Project Active Supplemental Credit for Social Fund Project (02) Flood Emergency Rehabilitation Project Poverty Reduction Strategy Formulation Project Active Active Active Legal and Regulatory Framework Project Forest Concession Management and Control Pilot Project Structural Adjustment Credit Project Biodiversity and Protected Areas Project Biodiversity & Protected Area Project Education Quality Improvement Project Capacity Building to Enhance Governance and Fight Corruption Project Northeast Village Development Project Active Active Active Active Active Active Active Financial Accountability Project Road Rehabilitation Project Social Fund Project (02) Rule of Law Development Project Urban Water Supply Project Active Active Active Active Active Agriculture Productivity Improvement Project Disease Control and Health Development Project Active Active Phnom Penh Power Rehabilitation Project Closed Economic Rehabilitation Credit Project Support Policy Formulation and Strategic Planning in Higher Education Project Social Fund Project TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Emergency Rehabilitation Project Closed Closed Public Sector Management Social Protection Multisector Public Sector Management Education Agriculture Economic Policy Environment Environment Education Public Sector Management Public Sector Management Finance Transportation Social Protection Education Water Supply & Sanitation Agriculture Health, Nutrition & Population Electric Power & Other Energy Economic Policy Education Closed Active Closed Social Protection Economic Policy Multisector [出所] [注] (3) Active Board Date Total Project Cost 8/23/2001 42 6/19/2001 3/13/2001 11/8/2000 10 40.4 0.26 6/21/2000 6/5/2000 2/29/2000 2/8/2000 2/8/2000 8/31/1999 6/17/1999 0.25 5.42 30 2.75 4.91 5 0.2 5/18/1999 6.3 5/10/1999 3/23/1999 3/23/1999 6/3/1998 2/17/1998 0.27 47.6 25 0 39.8 2/28/1997 12/24/1996 35 35.6 9/28/1995 43.1 9/28/1995 7/20/1995 40 0 6/8/1995 12/6/1994 10/26/1993 22.2 17 73.1 世界銀行ホームページ http://www.worldbank.org Pipeline プロジェクトを除く アジア開発銀行(ADB) ADB のカンボジア援助方針は 2000 年 12 月に公表された Country Assistance Plan 2001-2003 (CAP)および 2000 年 7 月に公表された Country Operational Strategy にまとめられている CAP の期間中 ADB は 250 百万ドルの融資とその他の技術協力が計画されている ADB は主に計画省をカウンター パートとして SEDP や PIP の策定を支援してきた カ ンボジアの今後の貧困削減政策を定める SEDPII の作成も ADB の支援のもとで実施され ている また 日本や WB とともに主要幹線国道の復旧事業を支援している 森林回復 74

3 WB ADB SWAP ADB i ii iii iv v vi 3-6 ADB 1999-2001 AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES PROJECT TYPE INITIAL UPDATED Northwestern Rural Development (Rural Development) LOAN 8/Ma/2000 10/Sep/2001 Stung Chinit Irrigation and Rural Infrastructure Project LOAN 1/Jan/1996 24/Nov/2000 Rural Credit and Savings LOAN 1/Mar/1997 7/Sep/2000 Agriculture Sector Program Loan LOAN Aug/1995 Feb/1996 Northwest Irrigation Sector Project PPTA 6Apr/2001 15/Oct/2001 Agriculture Sector Development PPTA Apr/2001 19/Sep/2001 Rural Development PPTA 8/May/2000 24/Jan/2001 Study for Stung Chinit Water Resources Development Project PPTA 10/Aug/1999 14/Oct/1999 Sustainable Forest Management PPTA 19/Aug/1998 12/Feb/1999 ENERGY Provincial Power Supply LOAN 10/Mar/2000 6/Dec/2000 Update of Power Rehabilitation II PPTA 14/Jul/1999 2/Oct/1999 Transport and Communications Primary Roads Restoration LOAN 1/Feb/1996 9/Aug/2000 GMS: Phnom Penh-HCMC Road LOAN 30/Mar/1998 27/Jan/1999 SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Education Sector Development Program LOAN 23/Feb/2000 3/Aug/2001 Education Sector Development Project LOAN 23/Feb/2000 13/Jul/2001 Provincial Towns Improvement Project LOAN 1/May/1996 13/Jan/2000 Skills Development LOAN Oct/1994 Dec/1994 Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Sector PPTA 9/Feb/2001 15/Sep/2001 Second Basic Health Services Project PPTA 26/Jan/2001 7/May/2001 Education Sector Development Program PPTA 23/Feb/2000 18/Oct/2000 FINANCE Financial Sector Program Loan LOAN 29/Feb/2000 2/Oct/2001 Financial Sector Development PPTA 29/Feb/2000 13/Feb/2001 OTHERS Decentralization Support Program PPTA 3/Oct/2001 9/Oct/2001 [ ] ADB.URL: http://www.adb.org [] PPTA: Project Preparatory Technical Assistance (4) UNTAC 2000 UNDAFUnited Nations Development Assistance Framework for Cambodia 2001-2005 UNDAF i ii iii iv 4 82 4 82 United Nations System in Cambodia. (2000). UNDAF Cambodia: Together we can make a difference 75

UNDP UNDP ibanteay Meanchey Battambang Pursat Siem ReapRatanakiri CARERE: Cambodian Resettlement and Regeneration Project iicmac iii 2000 ivadbwb vsida CARERE 1996 Seila 83 UNDP JHRDF: Japanese Human Resources Development Fund ASEAN JICA 84 1992 Kampong SpeuTakeo JICA ASEAN 85 UNDP ILOInternational Labour Organization ACLEDAAssociation of Cambodian Local Economic Development Agencies UNICEFWHOWFPUNAIDSUNFPA EPI HIV/AIDS 3.2.2 (1) JICA JICA 2000-2003 JICA i iiasean iii20 iv 8 86 83 UNDP. (1998). Cambodia Area Rehabilitation and Regeneration Project 84 1998 2001 4 4 2004 85 86 JICA URL: http://www.jica.org.kh JICA2001 76

3 1 JICA UNDP ASEAN JICA (2) USAID USAID NGO USAID Results Review and Resource Request USAID 2 3 87 3-7 USAID i ii STI/HIV iii 87 USAID/Cambodia. (2000). Results and Resource Request Review 77

USAID 3-7 1 UNDP ACLEDA 88 STI/HIV STI/HIV 89 USAID HIV/AIDS 90 (3) AusAID AusAIDAustralia Agency for International Development Cambodia IRRI (International Rice Research Institute) Australia Project 1987 10 Kompong Cham CMACCambodian Mine Action Centre (4) GTZ 1997 7 1999 (a) (b) (c) 3 CVAP (Cambodia Veterans Assistance Program) (5) SIDA SIDA CARERECMAC ACLEIDA UNDP 88 2001 89 USAID Family Health International Khmer HIV/AIDS NGO Alliance 90 USAID USAID Number One 1999 1200 78

3 3.2.3 NGO 30 NGO 1990 NGO NGO CDC NGO NGO 2001 2001 NGO 560 78 91 NGO 3-2 3-3 3-2 Kampong SpeuKandalBattambangTakeo 36 NGO NGO 1998 26% 11% Battambang 8%Kampong SpeuKandal 6% NGO =1-5 NGOs =6-15 NGOs =16-25 NGOs =26-35 NGOs =Over 36 NGOs [ ] MEDICAM, NGO Forum on Cambodia, CCC. (2001). NGO Statement to the 2001. p.59 3-2 NGO 91 MEDICAM, NGO Forum on Cambodia, CCC. (2001). NGO Statement to the 2001. 79

3-3 NGO 80

1 2 3 4 5 6 WFP 81

1 Head-count ratio (Poverty q indicators) * 1 H = n q: n: Poverty gap ratio* 3 depth 1 P = n yi< z z yi z 1 n: z: y i: 2 severity Squared poverty gap ratio * 3 2 Gini coefficient (Inequality indicator) * 1 P 2 1 z yi = n yi< z z 2 n: z: y i: * 5 45 0 45 1 Theil index* 4 n 1 y y N i i Z (1) = log n i= 1 y y 0 n: lnn y i: 1 y : Income diversification (Vulnerability) * 2 Links to networks [ ] *1 World Bank. (1993). Poverty Reduction Handbook. Washington D.C.: World Bank, pp.13-16 *2 World Bank. (2001). World Development Report 2000/2001. Washington D.C.: Oxford University Press, pp.19-21 *3. (1998).. : No. 487, pp.89-90 *4 http://www.worldbank.org/poverty/inequal/index.htm *5. (1998).. : No. 487, pp.95-96 []*3 2 Foster, Greer & Thorbecke FGT FGT P = 1/n {(z - y i) / z} =1 =2 2 P 12 P 2 *5 82

2 1 1-1 p.6 WFP 1-2 p.7 % D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 1997 2.6 6.2 10.6 15.7 21.8 29.1 37.9 49.0 64.6 100.0 1999 3.8 8.7 14.1 20.1 26.8 34.6 43.4 54.1 68.6 100.0 1-3 p.8 % D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 1997 2.5 6.0 10.3 15.3 21.3 28.4 37.0 47.8 63.2 100.0 1999 2.7 6.5 11.1 16.6 23.0 30.7 40.0 51.6 67.8 100.0 1-4 p.8 % D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 1997 2.7 6.5 11.1 16.6 23.0 30.7 40.0 51.6 67.8 100.0 1999 3.9 8.9 14.5 20.7 27.5 35.5 44.5 55.4 70.3 100.0 1-5 1 p.20 D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 D 5 D 6 D 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 1999 36,587 47,794 53,203 58,003 65,354 75,394 75,770 86,129 103,760 141,372 305,522 1999 37,854 50,912 57,945 65,080 73,803 83,250 87,121 95,213 117,845 160,720 391,201 83

1-6 1999 p.27 km 2 km 2 % 554 1,374 0.763 830 609 0.338 465 124 0.069 1-7 p.28 1997 1998 1999 20006 1,732 1,742 1,019 492 1 144 145 85 82 1-8 p.29 45.7 40.9 37.5 35.9 30.3 13.2 11.1 11.5 % 1-9 p.30 19931994 1997 39.8 36.7 34.6 34.6 % 2 2-1 p.32 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 M1 240.63 27.39 121.30 18.66-2.09 39.55 18.11 16.97 41.20-2.08 1.44 118.48-155.09 1417.76 392.63 227.96 40.73 60.12 33.74 46.53 16.98 28.27 407.85 34.19 183.84 11.73-18.34 3.33-13.71-57.82 231.64-42.34-96.75 84

2-2 p.33 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 0.0 141.8 165.1 96.1 114.3 n.a. 7.2 7.9 14.8 4.0-0.8 (%) 600.0 520.0 2,000.0 2,305.0 2,575.0 2,526.0 2,713.0 3,452.0 3,770.0 3,770.0 3,905.0 (1 = 2-3 GDP p.35 % 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 52.3 51.8 49.4 40.9 41.5 42.1 40.4 41.2 41.6 40.8 37.6 7.1 7.0 6.8 8.2 8.1 8.3 9.5 12.4 14.0 14.4 18.4 32.8 33.1 34.4 43.5 40.9 39.9 39.7 36.9 36.1 35.8 35.0 7.8 8.0 9.5 7.5 9.6 9.7 10.4 9.6 8.2 9.1 8.9 2-4 1993 =100 p.37 % 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 GDP 6.3 8.4 3.5 3.7 1.5 6.9 5.4 7.8 10.0-0.7 5.8 2.5 4.8-2.7 4.9 11.8 17.7 35.1 15.1 9.8 34.9-0.1 5.7 3.1-3.7-0.6 5.8 3.1 GDP 2-5 p.37 % 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.6 3.3 4.8 6.3-6.7 2.0 7.9 1.7 1.4 3.8 - -18.9 19.9 96.9 128.0 46.5 40.8 2-6 ( ) p.38 1994.81995.12 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000.19 2,476.3 622.4 592.6 558.4 196.2 161.9 85

2-7 p.42 % 1994 1996 1997 1998 1999 75 78.1 77.1 77.5 76.5 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.3 6.4 20.5 17.1 18.3 18.2 17.1 2-8 p.48 10 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 58.8 156.1 290.1 590.3 643.0 754.7 881.0 942.7 1330.0 104.1 245.6 608.4 1009.1 1200.7 1342.8 1267.9 1507.7 1846.2 2-9 p.50 10 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 26.6 47.7 64.2 77.9 84.3 87.5 105.3 166.8 183.2 5.6 7.8 30.0 26.1 42.6 45.3 43.8 76.3 121.0 10.8 26.3 31.4 37.6 44.7 49.9 47.9 25.4 26.9 - - 12.4 13.1 16.1 14.8 15.4 24.0 26.0 118.6 180.5 409.7 456.1 434.4 446.6 481.3 473.5 455.0 245.5 612.9 662.3 736.8 789.8 816.0 933.9 1109.4 1128.9 86

3 3-3 NGO p.80 1996 1997 1998 Nationwide Programs 16.46% 9.62% 11.20% Banteay Meanchey 5.98% 6.96% 6.12% Battambang 12.23% 9.55% 8.14% Kampot 2.96% 1.70% 2.43% Kandal 7.39% 7.43% 5.82% Koh Kong 0.03% 0.14% 0.95% Kompong Cham 2.22% 2.72% 2.63% Kompong Chhnang 3.66% 2.12% 2.05% Kompong Speu 4.82% 3.99% 6.41% Kompong Thom 2.99% 4.61% 3.71% Kratie 1.39% 1.91% 1.90% Krong Kep 0.00% 0.07% 0.06% Krong Pailin 0.00% 0.07% 0.10% Krong Sihanouk 0.00% 2.06% 1.73% Mondulkiri 0.24% 0.00% 0.00% Phnom Penh 20.06% 26.64% 26.05% Preah Vihear 0.77% 0.32% 0.73% Prey Veng 3.10% 2.14% 2.06% Pursat 5.43% 5.09% 5.04% Ratanakiri 1.54% 1.28% 1.37% Siem Reap 1.82% 4.74% 4.90% Sihanoukville 1.17% 0.00% 0.00% Stung Treng 0.65% 1.58% 0.00% Svay Rieng 2.50% 1.62% 1.99% Takeo 2.58% 3.66% 2.89% 87

3 WFP 1997 88

1998 89